2016 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Publikacje z roku 2016

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Release of selected chemical elements from shale drill cuttings to aqueous solutions of different pH
- Katarzyna Piszcz-Karaś
- Justyna Łuczak
- Jan Hupka
2016 APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
The effect of pH changes on leachability of light and heavy metals from shale drill cuttings generated from unconventional shale gas production was investigated. Cuttings, being the primary byproduct generated from drilling operations, belong to the potentially hazardous type of wastes due to presence of heavy and radioactive elements and remains of drilling fluid. In this regard, assessment of potentially dangerous components (PDCs) from rock waste materials was performed by application of batch leaching tests, which has provided information on the sensitivity of leaching under externally imposed changes in pH (natural or caused by treatment) in specific scenarios. The description of shale rocks mineralogical and chemical properties was performed by means of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, diffractometry as well as scintillation spectrometry. The concentrations of released constituents due to the leaching tests were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results were compared and discussed accordingly with the waste acceptable criteria of elution limits. Analysis of the substrate revealed that the elemental composition was dominated by light elements, whereas heavy metals were present in trace amounts. However, noticeable release of barium (2.0e4.6%) was also recorded, which has originated from not only rock material but also drill mud. Minor mobility was observed for transition elements such as Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu and Pb. Results revealed that drill cuttings follow the requirements for other than hazardous and municipal type of deposition, with exception for barium. Moreover, content of radioactive isotopes fulfill the requirements range of acceptable concentrations.
Reliability assessment of truss towers using Monte Carlo Method, PEM and RSM
- Karol Winkelmann
- Magdalena Oziębło
- Karolina Rybaczyk
2016
The paper discusses reliability assessment of simple random truss structures using three different probabilistic methodologies: the Monte Carlo Method (MCM), the Point Estimate Method (PEM) and the Response Surface Method (RSM). A benchmark truss structure and a simplified full–size engineering tower are both analyzed. A set of ultimate load numerical calculations is performed and the results are taken as the basis of advanced probabilistic calculations. Using the samples, numerical efficiency and accuracy of these methods are compared and the advantages and drawbacks of PEM and RSM in relation to MC are discussed.
Reliability Modeling for SPMD and DAC Applications in MERPSYS
- Jarosław Kuchta
2016
In this chapter we shall see a method for modeling of reliability of application execution in the MERPSYS system, and the results of reliability simulation of the same SPMD and DAC application which we have previously presented in this book. Unlike energy usage modeling and modeling of execution eﬃciency we could not compare the reliability model and simulation results to real experiment just because the experiment would last too long. So our results can be considered only as a hypothesis. However this chapter shows our approach to reliability simulation which results are conﬁrmed for large count of nodes by other researchers.
Reliability of Pulse Measurements in Videoplethysmography
- Jacek Rumiński
2016 Pełny tekst Metrology and Measurement Systems
Reliable, remote pulse rate measurement is potentially very important for medical diagnostics and screening. In this paper the Videoplethysmography was analyzed especially to verify the possible use of signals obtained for the YUV color model in order to estimate the pulse rate, to examine what is the best pulse estimation method for short video sequences and finally, to analyze how potential PPG-signals can be distinguished from other (e.g. background) signals. The presented methods were verified using data collected from 60 volunteers.
Reliable renewable energy – application of electrochemical capacitors for electrical energy storage
- Anna Danuta Dettlaff
- Monika Wilamowska-Zawłocka
- Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
2016 CHEMIK nauka-technika-rynek
This paper presents electrical energy storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors, their principle of operation and electrode materials most commonly used in their manufacturing technology. Moreover, our research on development of new nanocomposite materials based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer is shown. Additionally, the possibility and advantages of application of supercapacitors for accumulation of electrical energy generated by photovoltaic cells are presented.
REMONTY I PRZEBUDOWY DACHÓW Z ZASTOSOWANIEM ELEMENTÓW LEKKIEJ OBUDOWY
- Elżbieta Urbańska-Galewska
- Dariusz Kowalski
2016 Pełny tekst Izolacje
W artykule przedstawiono przykładowe rozwiązania remontów i przebudowy dachów. Omówiono rozwiązania zmiany materiału pokrycia zarówno bez dodawania warstwy izolacyjnej, jak i z ułożeniem dodatkowej warstwy ocieplenia na istniejącej połaci dachowej a także sposób przebudowy dachu, polegający na ustawianiu nowej, lekkiej konstrukcji nośnej dachu, bezpośrednio na istniejącym pokryciu dachu płaskiego.
Remote sensing and photogrammetry techniques in diagnostics of concrete structures
- Artur Janowski
- Krystyna Nagrodzka-Godycka
- Jakub Szulwic
- Patryk Ziółkowski
2016 Computers and Concrete
Recently laser scanning technologies become widely used in many areas of the modern economy. In the following paper authors show a potential spectrum of use Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements. Based on modes of failure analysis of reinforcement concrete beam authors describe downsides and advantages of adaptation of terrestrial laser scanning to this purpose, moreover reveal under which condition this technology might be used. Research studies were conducted by Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Gdansk University of Technology. An experiment involved bending of reinforced concrete beam, the process was registered by the terrestrial laser scanner. Reinforced concrete beam was deliberately overloaded and eventually failed by shear.Whole failure process was tracing and recording by scanner Leica ScanStation C10 and verified by synchronous photographic registration supported by digital photogrammetry methods. Obtained data were post-processed in Leica Cyclone (dedicated software) and MeshLab (program on GPL license). The main goal of this paper is to prove the effectiveness of TLS in diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements. Authors propose few methods and procedures to virtually reconstruct failure process, measure geometry and assess a condition of structure.
Renesans polskich dworców
- Daniel Załuski
2016
Od 2009 r. prowadzony jest szeroko zakrojony program inwestycyjny przebudowy istniejących i budowy nowych dworców kolejowych w ramach modernizacji polskiej sieci kolejowej. Bazuje on na założeniach wdrażanych od końca lat 90. XX wieku programów dworcowych w innych krajach europejskich. Pierwsze pilotażowe projekty były realizowane w związku z programem EURO 2012. Do końca 2014 r. przebudowano 63 obiekty, w tym 47 objęte ochroną konserwatorską. W 2015 r. były realizowane lub projektowane 32 inwestycje (13 obiektów zabytkowych). Ponieważ dworce polskie przynoszą znaczące straty, dlatego PKP S.A. prowadzi politykę systematycznego zamykania zbędnych obiektów. Zbędne obiekty są często wyburzane. Wśród nich znajdują się również dworce o wybitnych walorach architektonicznych i kulturowych. W 2001 r. zburzono 734 budynki i budowle, w 2002 r. – 867, w latach 2003/2004 – 686, w 2005 r. – 1394, w 2007 r. - 749. W celu ochrony najcenniejszych obiektów konserwatorzy zabytków zaczęli wpisywać je do wojewódzkich rejestrów zabytków, a samorządy lokalne do gminnych ewidencji zabytków. Część obiektów jest przekazywanych jednostkom samorządów terytorialnych, głównie gminnych. Skomunalizowane dworce zmieniać będą swoje funkcje (m.in. Toruń Gł., Kwidzyn, Kościerzyna, Reda i Rumia). Na filię Politechniki Śląskiej przebudowywany jest wyjątkowy ze względów konserwatorskich i symbolicznych dworzec graniczny – Sosnowiec Maczki. W ramach artykułu zostaną zaprezentowane dobre przykłady zrealizowanych inwestycji w ramach przebudowy najcenniejszych, zabytkowych dworców polskich. Omówione zostaną główne tendencje ich przekształceń, wytyczne ochrony konserwatorskiej, ograniczenia wynikające z przyjętych standardów lub obowiązujących przepisów, szanse i zagrożenia dla przyszłych realizacji.
Report of Eurocode 7 application for pile foundation design in Poland
- Kazimierz Gwizdała
- Adam Krasiński
2016
The EC7 rules of geotechnical design are in use in Poland for several years, even though there is no National annex. With regard to pile foundations, there are valid EC7 recommendations concerning design approaches, load partial coefficients, correlation coefficients and capacity partial coefficients. Polish designers can be quite flexible when it comes to choose a method for static, bearing capacity and settlement calculations. However, all these methods have to meet the Eurocode 7 requirements, be based on physic, soil mechanics and general mechanics laws and come from a recognized source (revised publications, books, codes e.t.c.) or have a strong experimental documentation. In this report, main general rules and methods of pile foundation design, construction and examination were discussed.
Reputacja i zaufanie w systemach teleinformatycznych z podmiotami anonimowymi  podejście dynamiczne
- Jerzy Konorski
2016 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
Abstrakcją współczesnego systemu teleinformatycznego jest system wieloagentowy z autonomicznymi, racjonalnymi i wirtualnie anonimowymi agentami wchodzącymi we wzajemne interakcje dla wymiany usług. W referacie uzasadniono konieczność projektowania dla niego podsystemu budowy reputacji i zaufania oraz odpowiednich analiz w ujęciu dynamicznym. Dokonano przeglądu motywacyjnie zgodnych mechanizmów uczciwego raportowania usług oraz omówiono dynamikę zachowań i miar zaufania agentów w zależności od polityki wyboru partnerów w interakcjach i polityki świadczenia usług.
Research into the Movements of Surface Water Masses in the Basins Adjacent to the Port
- Jerzy Pyrchla
- Krzysztof Pyrchla
- Marek Kowalewski
- Martyna Leyk
- Lech Kasyk
- Monika Kijewska
2016
This paper presents the results of the practical and simulation research into determining the routes of movement of small objects moving together with surface water masses in basins adjacent to the port. The results of this research were referenced against the modelling of routes of small objects in port channel basins. The results of practical research concerning the movement of small objects in basins adjacent to the port were referenced against the modelling of trajectories of these objects in the port channel basins. The purpose of the testing was to determine the efficiency of numerical modelling in dealing with the specific nature of the area subject to analysis. The research involved two tools, one of the tools employed was the graph model developed for the purposes of this research, whereas the second one was the M3D hydrodynamic model. Results obtained through the experiments carried out in a virtual environment were referenced against the real-world measurements. Practical research was carried out using dedicated drifters.
Research on causes of corrosion in the municipal water supply system
- Juliusz Orlikowski
- Artur Zieliński
- Kazimierz Darowicki
- Stefan Krakowiak
- Krzysztof Żakowski
- Paweł Ślepski
- Agata Jażdżewska
- Maciej Gruszka
- Jacek Banas
2016 Pełny tekst Case Studies in Construction Materials
This paper presents results of failure analysis study to characterize the corrosion damage that occurred in the water supply system in Krakow. This analysis includes: electrochemical noise, linear polarization and resistometric measurements. Water aggressiveness of four water intakes was defined using Langelier and Ryznar indices. Results from this indices did not reveal the causes of considerable corrosion losses in water systems. The corrosion rate measurements revealed that water from the one of water intakes is characterized by considerable corrosive aggression. In all studied water subsystems formation of protective layers limiting the corrosion rate was found. Overall analysis reveal the need to implement a on-line corrosion rate monitoring in the water supply system of the city of Krakow.
Research on the wear evenness of the tool in flat lapping
- Adam Barylski
- Norbert Piotrowski
2016
In this paper, the dimensionless distribution of the material removal stock and the trajectories of abrasive grains cutting in single-sided lapping process are presented. They were numerically simulated based on the tribological model and kinematics equations. It can be observed that the trajectories geometry of single abrasive as well the velocities have a great influence on the final geometrical deviation. During machining, the constant profile wear of lapping plate must be ensured. The key to achieving good surface finish and flatness results is maintaining proper condition of a tool.
Research-by-design Best Practices in Architectural Lighting Design: Defragmenting Research Theories for their Effective Use in the Practice of Architectural and Spatial Design After Dark
- Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
- Amardeep M. Dugar
2016
"This paper aims to combine theory and applied science; academia and practice for the creative transformation of spaces after dark taking into account a consistent environmental awareness. It is based on the premise that design research in the realm of architectural lighting design should function as a development of practice, instead of being a distraction to it. Architectural lighting design is a field within architecture and spatial design that concerns itself primarily with the illumination of architecture, including academic/institutional, corporate, hospitality, monumental structures, residential, retail/ entertainment and site/facade projects after dark"
Reservoir Influence on Pressure Wave Propagation in Steel Pipes
- Marek Mitosek
- Romuald Szymkiewicz
2016 JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE
The relation between the length of steel pipe and the pressure wave period in the system, reservoir-pipe-valve, is discussed. Experiments carried out for the short steel pipes showed that in such a system, the pressure wave celerity estimated using the measured wave cycles systematically increases with the increase of the pipe length. The observed differences can exceed even 90 m=s. As the pressure wave traveling in the pipe with a speed dependent on the pipe and fluid properties is reflected from the reservoir, one can expect that this process is not as ideal as it is assumed, but it needs some time to happen. This causes a wave cycle to increase so that an apparent wave celerity occurs. For determination of the real value of the wave celerity, a modified laboratory installation was designed. This facility is constituted by a pipe closed at its both ends and divided into two parts by the third valve installed midlength. Water in both parts of the pipe is subjected to different hydrostatic pressure so that the unsteady flow is generated by the discontinuous initial condition. The experiments carried out using this installation allowed determination of the real value of pressure wave celerity for the considered steel pipeline and relation with the one occurring in a reservoir-pipe system. Based on the acquired experimental data, an approach to estimate the time of pressure wave reflection delay in a reservoir is proposed.
RE-SHAPING THE LAND AND WATER CONNECTIONS AND ITS ROLE IN ACHIEVING LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS’ CONTINUITY ON THE POST-INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES
- Izabela Burda
- Lucyna Nyka
2016
This paper delves into recently applied strategies of creating new water areas and modifying the existing ones as a part of the transformation processes of post-industrial territories. It proves that while the pursuit for unique architectural and urban space values remains an important factor contributing to such modifications, they may also play an important role in reclaiming ecological systems continuity. On the basis of theoretical surveys, in-field analyses, comparative studies and study projects, this paper proves that the modification of the water borders, including creating new water lines, reservoirs or passages may contribute significantly to the quality of the landscape. While this issue is being discussed in the context of vast regional post- industrial transformations, it remains mainly unnoticed when conversions are undertaken in an urban setting. Even on a relatively small urban post-industrial parcel the creative and consequent interplay between and the natural and the built may be arranged. While properly defined, it may contribute to the development of new ecological connections or restoration of existing ones. As it stands, new water areas play a significant role in achieving that goal, while also functioning as storm water reservoirs or parts of water management systems. These findings may produce an important change in scientific thinking and practice, introducing new issues to the emerging interpretation of urban space in the category of landscape. They will also give a set of strong arguments to architects who tend to introduce water in their concepts for the post-industrial territories’ transformations and would be willing to broaden their motivations exposing ecological values.
Resistive gas sensors – Perspectives on selectivity and sensitivity improvement
- Janusz Smulko
- Maciej Trawka
- Umut Cindemir
- Claes Goran Granqvist
- Cristhian Duran
2016
Resistive gas sensors are very popular and relatively inexpensive; they can operate at elevated or room temperature for years on end. The main disadvantage of resistive gas sensors is their limited selectivity and sensitivity, but various methods have been applied to improve their behavior. The composition of the porous gas sensing layer, or changes in the sensor’s operating temperature, can enhance the gas detection ability. Furthermore, emerging technologies can increase the area of the active surface and advance the sensors’ sensitivity as well. Another improvement can be reached by employing low-frequency resistance fluctuations rather than DC resistance alone. That technique, called fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES), was developed about two decades ago and has been investigated with regard to different gas sensing layers. The present paper gives an overview over various experimental results and confirms improved gas detection and elucidates practical aspects connected with the FES method.
Resonance Frequency Calculation of a Multilayer and Multipatch Spherical Microstrip Structure Using a Hybrid Technique
- Adam Kusiek
- Rafał Lech
2016 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
This communication offers a rigorous analysis of the resonance frequency problem of a spherical microstrip structure mounted on a multilayer, dielectric-coated metallic sphere, with an electrically small radius. The structure consists of single or multiple metallic patches with arbitrary shapes. A full-wave analysis is employed with the use of proposed hybrid approach, combining the finite-difference technique with a spectral domain approach (SDA). In this approach, the finite-difference technique is applied in a cavity model to determine the current basis functions on the patch of an arbitrary shape. Then, the SDA is used to calculate the complex resonance frequencies of the structure. The numerical results concerning modes suitable for antenna applications are calculated. The presented results are verified by comparing them with the ones obtained from commercial software.
Resonant Conditions in a Node with an SVC Compensator
- Robert Kowalak
2016 Pełny tekst Acta Energetica
The primary purpose of installing static shunt compensators in power grids is to improve the voltage conditions. Additional reactive power sources increase the system’s voltage stability and enable faster system recovery after a voltage failure. This paper presents the impact of an SVC device’s structure and settings on impedance change in the supply system, and hence on the frequencies at which resonance phenomena can develop.
Resonant Frequencies in Microstrip Structure with Omega Medium Substrate
- Rafał Lech
- Adam Kusiek
- Wojciech Marynowski
- Jerzy Mazur
2016
The paper presents the research on a rectangular microstrip structure with multilayer substrate containing dielectric and omega medium layers. The effect of pseudochiral medium layer location in the substrate and its thickness on the resonant frequency of the rectangular microstrip structure is investigated. The numerical analysis of investigated structures is based on expansion of electric and magnetic ﬁelds. Utilizing the continuity conditions the boundary problem is formulated which is solved with the use of method of moments.