2018 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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The Optimum Dataset method – examples of the application
- Wioleta Błaszczak-bąk
- Anna Sobieraj-Żłobińska
- Beata Wieczorek
2018
Data reduction is a procedure to decrease the dataset in order to make their analysis more effective and easier. Reduction of the dataset is an issue that requires proper planning, so after reduction it meets all the user’s expectations. Evidently, it is better if the result is an optimal solution in terms of adopted criteria. Within reduction methods, which provide the optimal solution there is the Optimum Dataset method (OptD) proposed by Błaszczak-Bąk (2016). The paper presents the application of this method for different datasets from LiDAR and the possibility of using the method for various purposes of the study. The following reduced datasets were presented: (a) measurement of Sielska street in Olsztyn (Airbrone Laser Scanning data – ALS data), (b) measurement of the bas-relief that is on the building in Gdańsk (Terrestrial Laser Scanning data – TLS data), (c) dataset from Biebrza river measurment (TLS data).
The passive operating mode of the linear optical gesture sensor
- Krzysztof Czuszyński
- Jacek Rumiński
- Jerzy Wtorek
2018 Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering
The study evaluates the influence of natural light conditions on the effectiveness of the linear optical gesture sensor, working in the presence of ambient light only (passive mode). The orientations of the device in reference to the light source were modified in order to verify the sensitivity of the sensor. A criterion for the differentiation between two states - "possible gesture" and "no gesture" - was proposed. Additionally, different light conditions and possible features were investigated, relevant for the decision of switching between the passive and active modes of the device. The criterion was evaluated based on the specificity and sensitivity analysis of the binary ambient light condition classifier. The elaborated classifier predicts ambient light conditions with the accuracy of 85.15%. Understanding the light conditions, the hand pose can be detected. The achieved accuracy of the hand poses classifier trained on the data obtained in the passive mode in favorable light conditions was 98.76%. It was also shown that the passive operating mode of the linear gesture sensor reduces the total energy consumption by 93.34%, resulting in 0.132 mA. It was concluded that optical linear sensor could be efficiently used in various lighting conditions.
The Perception of an Entrepreneur’s Structural, Relational and Cognitive Social Capital among Young People in Poland - An Exploratory Study
- Paweł Ziemiański
2018 Pełny tekst Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation
The goal of the current paper is to verify how an entrepreneur’s structural, relational and cognitive social capital levels are perceived by young people in Poland. The research involved a group of 374 undergraduate business students from a Polish university as participants. Participants completed a survey on entrepreneurial cognitions. It was found that participants assess the level of an entrepreneur’s social capital as relatively low. Due to the fact that social capital, and its different dimensions, serve different purposes in the process of venture creation, the result obtained can be considered alarming. Its practical implications are related to the necessity to review and design activities facilitating the development of an entrepreneurial culture in Poland. The value and the originality of the paper lie in the approach that allowed us to investigate which dimensions of an entrepreneur’s social capital are seen as particularly weak by people for whom launching a new business is a viable option in the near future.
The possibility of the application of a potentiometric sensor with all-solid-state electrodes for the quality control of different natural waters
- Wojciech Szpakowski
- Elwira Brodnicka
- Maria Szpakowska
2018 Desalination and Water Treatment
The quality of various natural waters was examined by a new potentiometric sensor with six all solid state electrodes containing an appropriate lipophilic compound in a polymer membrane. Physicochemical parameters such as conductivity and acidity of tested waters were also tested. All waters were neutral or slightly alkaline and contained different ions (e.g., Cl–) due to the place of their sampling (a coastal zone and a moraine plateau). They differed significantly in conductivity values. The results obtained by potentiometric sensor, elaborated by chemometric methods showed that tested waters (surface, subsurface, mix subsurface, mix groundwater, rain, and tap) could be grouped in terms of their conductivity values. It means that this sensor is capable of discriminating between waters of low, middle, and high conductivity and may be a good tool for the quality analysis of natural waters.
The potential of raw sewage sludge in construction industry – A review
- Lesław Świerczek
- Bartłomiej Cieślik
- Piotr Konieczka
2018 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
Excess sewage sludge produced in any municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plant becomes a serious problem due to its increasing amount. This increase is related to the improvement of treatment technologies, expansion of sewage systems and the development of new industrial plants. The implementation and development of new technologies related to the utilization of sewage sludge is currently based on treating it as a substrate. Construction is an industry branch where sewage sludge, as well as other waste materials, can be used. The use of sewage sludge in building materials eliminates some of the expensive and energy-intensive stages of utilization, and the final product obtained is often stable and safe. This is confirmed, among other research regarding strength properties, water resistance, frost resistance and heavy metal leaching, especially when the amount of sewage sludge in solidified samples is low. The main purpose of the article is to present the latest methods of using sewage sludge (dried, dehydrated, and raw) in building and construction materials. Methods of producing low-strength materials for landfilling purposes have also been described. The stabilization of sewage sludge with binding additives improves the end product's durability compared to standard solutions (dewatering). The use of sludge in concrete and mortars mixes is usually associated with a reduction in their strength compared to mixtures without sludge. The binder in the mixture is responsible for the strength of concrete or mortar. Sintering sewage sludge to make ceramic products (bricks, tiles) and lightweight aggregates is a promising approach, but in comparison to other methods such solutions require more energy expenditure. Nevertheless, the obtained products are stable and their durability, while lower than that of the control samples, still qualifies them for applications in construction. Due to the different physicochemical properties of sludge, the methods of its management should be designed separately. It is therefore difficult to select one general and the most optimal method of management of sludge in building materials, but on the basis of the presented review, the authors indicate that one of the best methods of management is sintering sewage sludge into lightweight aggregates.
The problem of infections associated with implants – an overview
- Marcin Wekwejt
- Magda Dziaduszewska
- Anna Pałubicka
2018 Pełny tekst European Journal of Medical Technologies
Implant-associated infections are serious and relatively common complication that leads to implant loss. The purpose of this paper is to gather knowledge about this issue. A literature review of the epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis of infections related to implants was carried out. This position collects data on commonly used implants and infections associated with them from various fields of medicine and contains classifications of the main factors that predispose to this infection, frequency hierarchy and categorization of bacteria strain that cause them. The risk factors are grouped into four basic groups dependent on: the implant, the patient, the local environment and the surgical technique. It was found that this infections are the most common in the case of: ventricular assist devices, catheters, bone substitutes, dental and breast implants. The conclusion was made that implant-associated infections are usually caused by multiple strains of bacterial species, mainly by Staphylococci, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The most important aspect of minimizing implant-associated infections is prevention. Summarize, besides of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, sterility of treatment and hygiene, the crucial aspect is also the design of implants.
The propagation of the waves in the CTO S.A. towing tank
- Marcin Drzewiecki
2018 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The paper presents the results of research focused on the wave propagation in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank. In the scope of paper, the wavemaker transfer function was determined for regular waves, based on the Biésel Transfer Function and further for irregular waves, based on Hasselman model of nonlinear energy transfer. The phenomena: wave damping, wave breakdown and wave reflection, were measured, analyzed and mathematically modeled. Developed mathematical models allow to calculate the impact of mentioned phenomena on the wave propagation and furthermore to calculate the wave characteristics along the whole measurement area in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank, based on wavemaker flap motion control.
The psychrotrophic yeast Sporobolomyces roseus LOCK 1119 as a source of a highly active aspartic protease for the in vitro production of antioxidant peptides
- Aneta Białkowska
- Joanna Krysiak
- Tomasz Florczak
- Katarzyna Szulczewska
- Marta Wanarska
- Marianna Turkiewicz
2018 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY
A psychrotrophic yeast strain producing a cold-adapted protease at low temperature was classiﬁed as Sporobolomyces roseus. In standard YPG medium, S. roseus LOCK 1119 synthesized an extracellular protease with an activity of approximately 560 U/L. Optimization of medium composition and process temperature considerably enhanced enzyme biosynthesis; an approximate 70% increase in activity (2060 U/L). The native enzyme was puriﬁed to homogeneity by cation exchange chromatography followed by a size exclusion step, resulting in a 103-fold increase in speciﬁc activity (660 U/mg) with 25% recovery. The enzyme displayed 10%–30% of its maximum activity at 0–25 C, with the optimum temperature being 50 C. Protease G8 was strongly inactivated by pepstatin A, an aspartic protease inhibitor. The enzyme was used to hydrolyze four natural substrates, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. The highest antioxidant activity (69%) was recorded for beef casein.
The Relation Between Art and Physical Activity in the Public Space of the Contemporary City
- Małgorzata Kostrzewska
2018
Art has always been and still is a mirror in which human activity is reflected. One of the basic human activities is physical activity, thanks to which humans are able to satisfy their needs, improve health and also function in society. Therefore, there are different relationships between physical activity and art. Both of them are present in the public space of cities and this aspect of connection is addressed in the article. The first research question addresses how the presence of art in public space can contribute to increasing physical activity or bring attention to the importance of its undertaking. The second question, as the reversal of the first, addresses whether physical activity - in itself or its various manifestations - can be a carrier of art. Can the manifestations of physical activity in urban public space have artistic significance and be an object of art? The research methodology was based on the analysis of case studies (both field and literature studies) of various public spaces in which art installations, sculptures and other forms of art are present. Physical activities that take place in public spaces and street sports such as skateboarding were also analysed. Research results indicate that the relation of art and physical activity in public space usually commemorate a meaningful event (e.g. art created on the occasion of the Olympic Games), activate (e.g. interactive sculptures and installations), aestheticize a particular place and surroundings, and identify users (e.g. art and sport as a determinant of belonging to a subculture). While art is clearly the carrier of knowledge and information about activities, the reverse relation (activity as art) is not so obvious because it is associated with the recognition of forms of physical activities in public space as an art in itself. This view is shared mainly by those involved representatives of urban cultures, subcultures, and enthusiasts of sports and street activities for whom the manifestations of their activity is simply art.
The relationship between standard reduction potentials of catechins and biological activities involved in redox control
- Monika Baranowska
- Klaudia Suliborska
- Wojciech Chrzanowski
- Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
2018 Pełny tekst Redox Biology
Redox homeostasis involves factors that ensure proper function of cells. The excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress and increased risk of oxidative damage to cellular components. In contrast, upon reductive stress, insufficient ROS abundance may result in faulty cell signalling. It may be expected that dietary antioxidants, depending on their standard reduction potentials (E°), will affect both scenarios. In our study, for the first time, we systematically tested the relationship among E°, chemical properties, and biological effects in HT29 cells for a series of structurally different catechins and a major endogenous antioxidant - glutathione (GSH), at both physiological and dietary concentrations. Among chemical antioxidant activity tests, the strongest correlation with E° was seen using a DPPH assay. The values of E° were also highly correlated with cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) values determined in HT29 cells. Our results indicated that physiological concentrations (1-10 µM) of tested catechins stabilized the redox status of cells, which was not exhibited at higher concentrations. This stabilization of redox homeostasis was mirrored by constant, dose and E° independent CAA values, uninhibited growth of HT29 cells, modulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage, as well as effects at the genomic level, where either up-regulation of three redox-related genes (ALB, CCL5, and HSPA1A) out of 84 in the array (1 µM) or no effect (10 µM) was observed for catechins. Higher catechin concentrations (over 10 µM) increased CAA values in a dose- and E°-dependent manner, caused cell growth inhibition, but surprisingly did not protect HT29 cells against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, dose-dependent effects of dietary antioxidants and biological functions potentially modulated by them may become deregulated upon exposure to excessive doses.
The rigid and flexible road pavements in terms of life cycle costs
- Adam Kristowski
- Beata Grzyl
- Marzena Kurpińska
- Marek Pszczoła
2018 Pełny tekst
The cost of road pavement construction, its durability and reliability depends on many factors, including: the scope and detail of the technical design, quality of work but also the scope of works related to its maintenance, conservation and operation. Determining the amount of rational expenses, in terms of the life cycle cost of the pavement, requires determination and consideration of the above issues, already at the planning and design stage. In many cases, the ordering party analyzes only the initial investment costs, omitting the operating expenses for the pavement in the long term. The article points out the link between decisions taken at the planning and design stages and expenses incurred at the stage of maintenance and use of road pavement. The authors analyse and compare life cycle costs for two technologies of making road pavement - flexible (asphalt pavement) and rigid (portland cement concrete - PCC) and three categories of road traffic. Referring to the methodology included in [1], the authors present an example of the LCC analysis and determine the individual cost components: construction, renovation and maintenance during the period of 30 years. The analysed costs were determined based on the expert knowledge and current price publications. The authors draw attention to the fact that low costs incurred by the ordering party at the stage of investment implementation, in the course of use and maintenance of the pavement, entail significant expenses in the long-term. The authors also indicate difficulties related to the estimation of the cost of the road pavements life cycle. The main reasons include the lack of designers' knowledge about the technology of pavement repairs and related costs, as well as the lack of a simple model for calculating life cycle costs, which is a tool for supporting investment decisions and indicating the optimal solution already at the design stage.
The risk of corporate bankruptcy - the conceptual model
- Tomasz Korol
2018 International Journal of Management and Applied Science (IJMAS)
This article concerns the assessment of different types of risks influencing the corporate bankruptcy risk. The author has developed conceptual model that explains the causes and the trajectories of the collapse of enterprises. In the analyses such factors as demographic, financial, market, political and operational factors influencing the risk of failure were taken into account.
The Role of a Software Product Manager in Various Business Environments
- Olga Springer
- Jakub Miler
2018 Pełny tekst Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems
The aim of the paper is to identify the role of the software product manager depending on the size of the company and the characteristics of the product they are working on. This has been achieved in cooperation with 15 experts from the IT industry. The companies were divided into 4 levels of size: micro-enterprises, small businesses, medium businesses and large enterprises. The characteristics of the products were divided into business-business (B2B) and business-customer (B2C). This way, 8 personas of software product managers have been developed. Differences in this role were mainly related to the staffing, its scope of responsibility, tools and techniques used as well as the mode of work with the target customers. Many common aspects of this role have also been identified that made it possible to define archetype persona of a software product manager. All personas have been validated by experts who offered their improvements.
THE ROLE OF DAYLIGHT IN ARCHITECTURAL CREATIONS OF CONTEMPORARY CULTURAL FACILITIES
- Małgorzata Rogińska-Niesłuchowska
2018
The paper studies the role of light in architectural creations of contemporary buildings of representative function. Based on the selected projects and completed buildings dedicated to culture and art, it analyzes and systematizes the examples of using light to obtain visual effects that mark the architecture with a universal and timeless message. The method of research is case study and critical analysis of literature. Light plays a particularly significant role in shaping contemporary buildings of cultural function. Nowadays, architects designing meeting places of cultural importance refer to the oldest traditions of sacral architecture and places of worship, where light played a vital role. Contemporary buildings of culture and art have become the scene of experiment with light, where modern design techniques, new technologies of materials and facade systems are employed. Both, natural and artificial light, make up an indispensable material of architecture, treated on a par with other materials. In modern times, the protection of the environment, as well as human health are in the focus of attention. Protecting the city against light pollution and striving for maximum energy efficiency of buildings are now of top priority. Therefore, the idea of architecture using daylight gains more significance. It brings to mind the ancient architecture as the daylight gives the contemporary architecture a special, timeless atmosphere. The use of computer designing methods, technologically advanced materials, and glassing creates a special prospect for the architecture of daylight. A significant role of daylight manipulation can be seen in some architectural realisations and these buildings take on the role of icons in contemporary architecture.
The role of Herzberg-Teller effects on the resonance Raman spectrum of trans-porphycene investigated by time dependent density functional theory.
- Julien Guthmuller
2018 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
The S1 excited state properties as well as the associated absorption and resonance Raman (RR) spectra of trans-porphycene are investigated by means of time dependent density functional theory calculations. The relative magnitude of the Franck-Condon (FC) contribution and of the Herzberg-Teller (HT) effects is evaluated for both the absorption and RR intensities. The accuracy of the calculated spectra is assessed by employing different theoretical approximations and by comparing with experimental data. The obtained results show that Duschinsky effects lead to noticeable modifications in the absorption intensities but are nearly negligible in the RR spectrum. By contrast, the HT effects are stronger for the RR intensities compared to the absorption intensities, and these effects significantly improve the agreement with the experimental RR spectrum. Moreover, the HT effects produce different values of the RR depolarization ratios, which can be used to quantify the relative importance of the FC and HT contributions. Generally, it is found that the HT effects have a significant role on the RR spectrum of trans-porphycene and that their inclusion in the computational scheme is mandatory to accurately predict the RR intensities.
The role of urban movements in the process of local spatial planning and the development of participation mechanism
- Joanna Badach
- Anna Stasiak
- Andrzej Baranowski
2018 Pełny tekst Miscellanea Geographica
In civil societies, urban movements are one of the tools in the process of spatial governance. In Poland, urban activism is beginning to develop together with a budding participation in public life. Therefore, there is a need to assess the scope and effects of the urban movements’ actions. The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate their impact on the spatial development in three Polish cities - Poznań, Gdańsk and Gdynia, especially in regard to the procedures in local urban planning and the process of participation. On the basis of the data collected during research and community interviews conducted in these cities, the following factors were analysed: the background and current profile of urban movements, the extent, regularity and effectiveness of their actions, the planning and spatial development initiatives undertaken, their cooperation with the local authorities and their contribution to the enhancement of participatory mechanisms.
The Sea And The Beach As Composition Elements Of The Coastal Gardens In West Prussia In The 19th Century
- Anita Jaśkiewicz-Sojak
- Maura Zaworska
2018
The melancholic and changeable character of the Baltic Sea has often been used in the painting of the romantic period. The sea and its beaches were also an important composition element as well as a supplement of Baltic coastal gardens which were founded in West Prussia in the 19th century. Gardens set up on the coast used various moods of nature, as well as extensive and beautiful sea landscapes, often leading to nostalgia. The spectacle of the sea was becoming an element of a park: a real element – a spatial part, absorbing attention and senses, as well as a subconscious one – creating atmosphere and leading to nostalgia. The landscape garden located next to the palace in Rutzkau (currently Rzucewo), which was designed by Peter Joseph Lenné in the middle of the 19th century, is an exceptional example of using the sea and the beach space. In Zoppot (Sopot) or Oliva (nowadays Gdańsk-Oliwa) various manors and coastal villas were accompanied by gardens with vistas and view openings overlooking the sea and the beach. Another interesting group of coastal gardens included spa parks in Danzig (Gdańsk) or Zoppot as well as in other smaller spa locations. The analysis of the seascape and the sea as integral elements in coastal gardens shows new aspects of landscape art, and develops studies of landscape architecture in West Prussia. This side of the topic of Baltic coastal gardens in West Prussia has not been the subject of comprehensive research until now. The knowledge about this link between garden and water is very specific and important for history of landscape architecture in West Prussia (formerly a German region, currently a part of Poland). Also acknowledging the heritage of Prussian gardens has great impact on their conservation and preservation.
The selected roof covering technologies in the aspect of their life cycle costs
- Magdalena Apollo
- Agata Siemaszko
- Emilia Miszewska
2018 Pełny tekst Open Engineering
In the article is presented an analysis of the life cycle costs calculation for selected roof coverings. The scope of research includes costs of construction, maintenance and demolition of the roof covering structure for two alternative technologies – the traditional and new generation. On the presented example of an industrial building with a roof area of 1000 m², the above costs are taken to consideration for the roof covering made of two thermoplastic asphalt torching polymer membrane layers and a new generation PVC thermoplastic film with a reinforcing layer. The input data presented in the article comes from the investor (the owner of the future facility) and from property managers responsible for the maintenance of facilities in regard to the purpose, volume and applied method. The subject of the research is the analysis of the range of impact of the selected roof covering technology on the long-term costs of its maintenance. The aim of the research conducted by the authors is to indicate the possibility of reducing the costs related to the maintenance and elimination of a selected building structure (roof covering) in the assumed period of its operation for 70 years.
The significance of the properties of water for the working cycle of the kinesin molecular motor
- Anna Kuffel
- Monika Szałachowska
2018 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations were performed in this study to investigate and discuss several aspects of the influence of the properties of water on the working cycle of a molecular motor from the kinesin superfamily. The main objects of attention were: the binding of the neck linker and the association of the kinesin and the tubulin. The docking of the neck linker is considered a crucial event during the working cycle and is said to be the one that contributes to propelling the motor forward. Herein, it is demonstrated that the solvent contributes to the force-generating mechanism of the motor—the absolute value of the force generated by the linker depends on the properties of the solvent. The force can also depend on the instantaneous conformation of the protein. Our results show that the force may not be strictly the same during every step, as well as during the whole process of the docking, but we checked that even the smaller forces measured by us were big enough to propel the kinesin head along the protofilament with the required speed. It is also shown that the dynamics of the process of approach of the kinesin to its binding site on the microtubule track changes rapidly as the proteins come closer. The influence of the properties of interfacial water on the kinetics of this process is discussed here.
THE SITUATION OF WOMEN IN THE POLISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE LIGHT OF CHANGES IN THE PENSION SECURITY SYSTEM
- Małgorzata Gawrycka
- Dagmara Nikulin
2018 Pełny tekst PRACE NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU EKONOMICZNEGO WE WROCŁAWIU
The aim of the study is to examine the opinion of a group of women on their economic activity and decisions related to retirement. The first part of the article reviews previous research related to the economic activity of older people with a special focus on women. In the empirical part of the article, women’s opinions on issues related to retirement were analyzed. The research was carried out in 2016 on a sample of 45 women, which is a non-representative sample selection technique. The method used is similar to the method of “random choice” or “convenience choice” (convenience sampling). Research results indicate that retirement was often not fully voluntary, and resulted from the liquidation of the workplace or from the bad atmosphere. The time of retirement for women is primarily a period when they can fulfill their plans and dreams.