2018 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

Pokaż publikacje z roku

Publikacje z roku 2018

Pokaż wszystkie

The influence of polarization of titania nanotubes modified by a hybrid system made of a conducting polymer PEDOT and Prussian Blue redox network on the Raman spectroscopy response and photoelectrochemical properties
- Mariusz Szkoda
- Grzegorz Nowaczyk
- Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak
- Katarzyna Siuzdak
2018 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
In this work we show the impact of applied potential on network vibrations and photoelectrochemical properties of a composite material containing hydrogenated titania nanotubes and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with iron hexacyanoferrate (H-TiO2/pEDOT:Fehcf) acting as a redox centre. For this purpose, Raman spectroscopy measurements under the working electrode (WE) polarization were carried out, allowing investigation of changes in the structure of the obtained heterojunction. The photoelectrochemical behaviour of the H-TiO2/pEDOT:Fehcf composite was also studied at different potentials of WE. Both, in-situ Raman spectroelectrochemical and transient photocurrent measurements were performed in aqueous 0.1 M K2SO4 electrolyte. The reduction and oxidation of the electrode material enabled control of the organic matrix doping level and in consequence processes occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interface. The intensity of bands typical for the organic part of the junction strongly depends on the applied potential: the highest intensity of Raman bands characteristic for the pEDOT chain was observed in the cathodic potential range, whereas under anodic polarization pEDOT signals diminish. On the contrary, the intensity and the positions of anatase active modes remain almost unchanged independently of the applied potential. Furthermore, the effect of various polarization conditions within the anodic and cathodic potential ranges on the photocurrents was also observed. The maximum value of the photocurrent is reached at +0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl/0.1 M KCl and equals 290 μA/cm2.
The influence of position of the post or its absence on the performance of the cable barrier system
- Dawid Bruski
- Stanisław Burzyński
- Jacek Chróścielewski
- Łukasz Pachocki
- Krzysztof Wilde
- Wojciech Witkowski
2018
Road safety barriers are used to increase safety in potentially dangerous places on the roads. They are designed and installed on the roads to prevent any vehicle from getting outside the travelled way or from entering the opposite lane of the road. Barriers, which are used on European roads, have to undergo full scale crash tests according to the EN 1317 standards. Nowadays as a supplement to real crash tests, numerical simulations are commonly used. The work concerns the influence of position of the post or its absence on the crashworthiness of the cable barrier based on numerical study results.
The influence of small amount of substances present in tissue on the optical spectrum of immunosuppressive drug
- Marcin Marzejon
- Małgorzata Szczerska
2018 Pełny tekst Photonics Letters of Poland
In this paper, we describe how commonly present in tissue substances - sodium chloride and glucose - affect the optical spectrum of an immunosuppressive drug (Cyclaid® by Apotex). Prepared samples were investigated using the spectrophotometer in the spectrum range from 250 nm to 1100 nm. The maximum wavelength shift calculated on the basis of measurement results is not bigger than the measurement wavelength step. So, it can be concluded, that the small amount of sodium chloride or glucose does not influence the measurement and it is possible to apply spectrophotometry in a point-of-care sensor of the Cyclaid® by Apotex level.
The influence of sound track on the viewer’s emotions and correction of the color in the film
- Dawid Weber
- Bożena Kostek
2018
The article presents the aspects of the final selection of colors in film production based on the emotions caused by the soundtrack of the film. First, the processing of colors, contrast, saturation and white balance of shots in the film was presented. The definition of color grading is also described, i.e. the color changes in the film's views. In the second part of the article, the soundtracks of the film were analyzed, in particular film music and interpreted in terms of stimulating appropriate emotions while watching the film, which were compared with the final color scheme of the film. An attempt was made to define objective measures of the color of the shot, as well as the methodology of examining the mood in the soundtrack to automatically detect the emotions contained therein. The last point of the work was a pilot subjective test, in which the participants of the test were to determine the soundtrack's match to the color of the shot.
The Influence of Substitution of a Phosphorus-Containing Polyol with the Bio-polyol on the Properties of Bio-based PUR/PIR Foams
- Kamila Gosz
- Józef Haponiuk
- Łukasz Piszczyk
2018 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
In this work, effects of incorporating of a phosphorus-containing polyol into rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams’ formulations developed with use of two different bio-based polyols, derived from crude glycerol or liquefied cellulose were examined. The bio-polyol derived from crude glycerol was synthesized via two-step process from crude glycerol and castor oil, whereas the bio-polyol derived from liquefied cellulose was prepared in lignocellulose biomass liquefaction process. Rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams were prepared by substitution 25, 50, 75 and 100 wt% of a bio-polyol with the phosphorus-containing polyol. Density, compressive modulus, thermal stability and chemical and cellular structure content of the PUR/PIR foams were studied. Cell morphology was also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, thermal stability and flammability were investigated. The results show that the phosphorus-based polyol favors some PUR/PIR foams properties such as fire retardancy, what was expected, but also compressive strength behavior.
The influence of synthesis method on the microstructure and catalytic performance of Y 0.07 Sr 0.93 Ti 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ in synthetic biogas operated solid oxide fuel cells
- Beata Bochentyn
- Dagmara Grudzień
- Tadeusz Miruszewski
- Sea-Fue Wang
- Piotr Jasiński
2018 MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
The Y0.07Sr0.93Ti0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (YSTF) material was fabricated using three different synthesis methods: modified polymer precursor method (MPP), Pechini method and a solid state reaction method. It was applied as an anode catalytic material for biogas reforming in solid oxide fuel cells. Clear differences in the microstructure of fabricated catalytic layers were found, mainly with respect to a grain size and distribution of grains. This led to some differences in biogas diffusion through the layer as well as in an amount of active sites for a biogas reforming. Also different chemical stability of each compound was observed in the fuel cell operating conditions. The best long-term stability in biogas was found for a fuel cell with the YSTF_Pechini catalytic layer (sintered in air at 1100 °C for 2 h) and the lowest one for a fuel cell with the YSTF_MPP layer.
The influence of the development of private air communication on the architecture and urban planning of the 21st century
- Agnieszka Szuta
- Jakub Szczepański
2018 Pełny tekst Czasopismo Techniczne
In the first part, the article describes the stages of the development of gyroplanes and the influence of wartime policy on the interest in light aircraft. Also presented are links and the possibilities of using gyroplanes in various sectors of the economy. The authors, based on source texts, present the current position of the aviation industry in the Polish economy and attempt to diagnose its development capabilities. As a result, factors responsible for the current condition of the light aviation industry and its links with architecture and urban planning are submitted. The question is posed: what consequences will the development of the aviation industry bring for architecture and urban planning, for the community and the image of 21st century cities?
THE INFLUENCE OF THE EVOLUTION OF DAYLIGHTING SYSTEMS OF EXHIBITION SPACE ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MUSEUM'S BUILDING
- Malgorzata Roginska-Niesluchowska
2018
The paper deals with the architecture of museums as dependent on the ways of lighting the exhibition space. The work focuses on the analysis of the influence of daylighting systems on shaping the museum's architecture in the period from the Renaissance to modern times. The method of work includes studying literature and the case study of the objects characteristic of the presented concepts and lighting systems. The results of the research confirm the significant impact of the daylighting system on the evolution of the architectural form of the museum and on creating the archetypes ng of the buildings for museology. The historical archetypes which obtained widespread acceptance, have become the reference forms for creators of museum architecture through the centuries, up to modern times. In contemporary architecture, new interpretations of conventional models become transformed by technologically advanced materials and construction solutions, as well as digital design methods.
The influence of the fuel spray nozzle geometry on the exhaust gas composition from the marine 4-stroke diesel engine
- Jerzy Kowalski
2018 Pełny tekst Combustion Engines
The paper presents experimental research on a 4-stroke, 3-cylinder, turbocharged AL25/30 Diesel engine. Research consisted in investigating the effect of the geometry of the fuel injectors on the exhaust gas composition from the engine. During measurements, the engine was operated with a regulator characteristic of a load range from 40 kW to 280 kW, made by electric water resistance. The engine was mechanically coupled to the electric power generator. Three observations were made for each engine load, operating with fuel injectors of varying geometry. All considered types of injectors were installed on all engine cylinders. Mentioned injectors differed in the size of the nozzle holes diameters, holes numbers and angles measured between the holes axis. Engine performance data were recorded with a sampling time of 1 s. Cylinder pressure and fuel injection pressure on the front of each injector were collected also. The composition of the exhaust gas was measured using an electrochemical analyzer. According to the results, the change of fuel nozzle geometry results in a change in fuel spraying and evaporation and consequently changes in the course of the combustion process. The effect of this is the change of the composition of the exhaust gas.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE URBAN DESIGN ON THE AIR EXCHANGE IN CITIES. SELECTED PROBLEMS IN POLISH REALITY
- Katarzyna Zielonko-Jung
2018
The progress of the architecture and urbanism raises problems requiring interdisciplinary research conducted with the use of advanced experimental techniques and computer simulation. The fields of this research include aerodynamics, especially in intensively developed area of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE). Aerodynamic phenomena occurring around buildings have a significant impact on the quality of the climate in the cities. This paper deals with the issue of dependence of air exchange in urban spaces on the building forms used in them and on relative position of these buildings. The author considered this issue in two different scales – in the scale of the city as a whole and the scale of urban development. The conclusions are focused on the problems of the densification of the urban development of Polish cities, which, if not controlled enough, may contribute to reducing the air exchange.
The influence of time of hearing aid use on auditory perception in various acoustic situations
- Piotr Szymański
- Tomasz Poremski
- Bożena Kostek
2018 Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
The assessment of sound perception in hearing aids, especially in the context of benefits that a prosthesis can bring, is a complex issue. The objective parameters of the hearing aids can easily be determined. These parameters, however, do not always have a direct and decisive influence on the subjective assessment of quality of the patient’s hearing while using a hearing aid. The paper presents the development of a method for the assessment of auditory perception and the effectiveness of applying hearing aids for hearing-impaired people during a short-term use. The method involves a questionnaire based on the APHA (Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit) assessment questionnaire, a measure of self-reported auditory disability. The study includes additional criteria, such as measuring the number of hours and days of use of hearing aids, the degree of hearing loss and thepatient’s experience. A web-based application is developed to enable to carry out such an examination from any computer with access to the network. The research results show that in the first period of use of hearing aids, speech perception improves, especially in noisy environments. The perception of unpleasant sounds also increases, which leads to deterioration of hearing aid acceptance by their users.
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER AND MINERAL OIL ON MECHANICAL LOSSES IN THE DISPLACEMENT PUMP FOR OFFSHORE AND MARINE APPLICATIONS
- Paweł Śliwiński
2018 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
In this paper mechanical losses in a positive displacement pump supplied with water and mineral oil (two liquids having significantly different viscosity and lubricating properties) are described and compared. The experimental tests were conducted using a special design (prototype) of a satellite pump. The design of the satellite pump is presented in the article. The pump features a non-circular tooth working mechanism. This pump was developed to work with both water and mineral oil. In this paper the sources of mechanical losses in this pump are also characterised. On this basis, a mathematical model of these losses has been developed and presented. The results of the calculation of mechanical losses according to the model are compared with the results of the experiment. Experimental studies have shown that the mechanical losses in the water pump are even 2.8 times greater than the mechanical losses in the oil pump. It has been demonstrated that the mathematical model describes the mechanical losses both in the water pump and in the oil pump well. It has been found that the results from the loaded pump simulation (at p=25MPa) differ from the results of the experiment by no more than 5% both for oil and water
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER-LAND RELATIONS ON THE LANDSCAPE AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE VISTULA DELTA (POLAND)
- Tomasz Parteka
- Anna Rubczak
- Dorota Dominika Kamrowska-Załuska
2018
The Vistula Delta is unique region of water domination. In this part of Europe, historic rural assumptions have been developing since the 12th century. Practically, it can be said that most of the systems were related to the coexistence of the human and the water element. Relations of water and land, developed specific types of villages such as a water-based village. Water landscape; polders, canals, dikes and rivers, hydro-technical constructions and drainage windmills were similar to Friesland in the Netherlands. The article describes the evolution of the architecture of Vistula Delta, where specific area is Żuławy depression. Characteristics of historical architecture related to water, polder and gravity systems affected spatial development forms. Revitalization of waterways will contribute to opportunity for future landscape and contemporary architecture. Modern times provide the possibility of continuing land-water relations as variations on the subject of the past landscape, however, facing the challenges of a changing climate. Researchers focus on the role of spatial and spatiotemporal relations in a changing circumstances. Also comparison between two countries situated in river delta gives some explanations about the relationship between water and land, especially in the aspect of technical solutions. Systematic broadening of knowledge about past of Polish and Dutch types of development may give the answer how to choose the direction of spatial solutions in the future. Understanding the causes of floods throughout history is a helpful tool for assessing contemporary phenomena. The selected data has been presented in the spatial model, allow to determine the implementation possibilities of spatial solutions. Solutions can be used for creating the landscape and architecture of tomorrow in the area of the Vistula Delta. The influence of water on new land re-development and role of waterways is crucial in response to research question.
The interaction between bacterial abundance and selected pollutants concentration levels in an arctic catchment (southwest Spitsbergen, Svalbard)
- Klaudia Kosek
- Katarzyna Kozak
- Krystyna Kozioł
- Katarzyna Jankowska
- Stanisław Chmiel
- Żaneta Polkowska
2018 Pełny tekst SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been a topic of interest in environmental sciences for > 60 years. POPs in the Arctic have been investigated since the 1970s, when first atmospheric measurements revealed the presence of these pollutants in the polar regions. Major contaminant transport routes to the Arctic include atmospheric and oceanic transport, as well as inflow from rivers and sea ice. The sources of pollutants, such as industry, power generators, vehicle and ship exhausts, introduce the PAHs, phenols, formaldehyde or metals into the Arctic. Transport via sea currents, however, can take several years. The highest concentration levels of total PAHs were observed in two samples from the tributaries in July 2015 and were 1069 ng L− 1 and 3141 ng L− 1 and in September 2015, the highest concentrations were observed in samples collected from Revvatnet lake and were 978 ng L− 1 and 1823 ng L− 1. The highest concentrations of trace elements in both months were 41 μg L− 1 in the sample from the highest tributary (July 2015) and 79 μg L− 1 in the same sample (September 2015). The purpose of this study was also to determine abundance of bacteria in the Arctic freshwater of different types. Microbes are omnipresent and represent diverse biological communities. In the freshwater ecosystems, microorganisms form the base of the food chain supporting higher trophic levels. Although microbes are generally thought to live in the warm regions of Earth, many of them develop in cold climates. In the Revelva catchment, the biggest number of bacteria were detected at the river estuary in July 2015 and at the sampling point located in the Revvatnet lake in September 2015. Generally, the bacterial abundance indices depended on nutrient levels to a small extent, showing the environment of the Revelva catchment not to be nutrient limited, which is in accordance with its rich biological life also in macroscale.
The issue of uncertainty of visual measurement techniques for long distance measurements based on the example of applying electric traction elements in diagnostics and monitoring
- Jacek Skibicki
2018 Pełny tekst MEASUREMENT
Rail transport is the most economical and energy-effective in the field of land transport, in particular electrified. In order to ensure efficient and reliable operation of electrified rail transport, the issues of monitoring and diagnostics of the traction infrastructure and vehicles are extremely important. The most critical point in the transmission of electric energy to the vehicle is the sliding contact of the current collector with the traction network. For this reason, work is currently being carried out on the possibility of monitoring the technical condition of current collectors at selected points of the railway lines, which makes it possible to detect the current collectors which do not work properly, and those in which the damage occurred after the train's departure. In order to make the diagnostic process at such point as complete as possible, it is necessary to develop new measurement methods and new applications for the existing methods. Evaluation of the technical condition of current collectors at the control point is carried out based on the analysis of displacements of the contact wire of the overhead contact line, caused by the impact of the current collector. The nature of these displacements, as well as the presence or absence of certain components provides the information on the correct adjustment of the current collector and the technical condition of its strips. Simultaneous measurement of vertical and horizontal displacements requires the application of innovative measurement techniques. The use of non-contact visual techniques for this purpose, which makes it possible to measure displacements in a two-dimensional plane using a fast 2D camera and advanced image analysis, is promising. This article presents the analysis of measurement uncertainty of visual measurement techniques for long distance measurements for application of electric traction element diagnostic and monitoring. The measurement verification at a laboratory test stand are also presented. The requirements concerning the measurement equipment have been determined and the factors affecting the uncertainty of the final measurement dependent on a given configuration of the stand have been specified.
The Knowledge Transfer From Headquarter to Local Subsidiaries Through Expatriates - Local Employees’ Perspective
- Sylwia Przytuła
- Małgorzata Rozkwitalska
- Michal Chmielecki
- Łukasz Sułkowski
- Beata Basińska
2018 Pełny tekst International Journal of Contemporary Management
Background. Knowledge transfer between the HQ and subsidiary has recently been targets of increasing research interest. However, the role of expatriate managers and local staff perspective on this process has not been examined enough. Research aims. This paper has two main objectives: first to develop a conceptual framework (model) of knowledge transfer between the headquarters and local subsidiary, and second to empirically evaluate this process in five foreign subsidiaries based in Poland from a knowledge-based perspective. Methodology. Our study relied on qualitative case study methods. The authors report the empirical findings from five multinational subsidiaries (two German, two American and one Indian) located in Poland. 68 semi-structured interviews were conducted among HR specialists and managers. Key findings. The transfer of knowledge has always been in one direction, that is from the headquarters to its foreign subsidiary in Poland. Both the headquarters (as a sender) and the subsidiary (as a receiver) have been prepared in terms of tools and institutions to accumulate the knowledge. A key link in the knowledge transfer has included expatriates – their skills and abilities such as openness, willingness to learn and motivation for learning, ability to transfer their knowledge and experience to others, and ability to build positive interpersonal relations.
The Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost in public works contracts
- Beata Grzyl
- Agata Siemaszko
2018 Pełny tekst E3S Web of Conferences
An important goal, implemented by EU countries under the Europe 2020 strategy, is sustainable development, which includes supporting economy that effectively uses natural and environmentally friendly resources. Solutions in this area are also promoted in tender proceedings in the area of public procurement. The LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) and LCC (Life Cycle Cost) analysis are indicated as the basis for decision-making by awarding entities. In the article, the authors present on the selected example the benefits of using LCA and LCC. Based on the documents analysis for 350 selected public procurement procedures conducted in Poland in 2017, the authors examine types, average weights and frequency of application of non-price criteria for the selection of the best offer in practice. Based on the results of the research, are formulated conclusions.
The Main Buildings of Technical Universities in Lviv, Warsaw, Gdańsk and Wrocław. Neo-Renaissance „Architecture parlante”
- Jakub Szczepański
2018
The article compares the buildings of historical campuses of four technical universities located in areas related to Polish culture. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, several new technical universities were established in Central and Eastern Europe. In 1844, the Technical Academy was opened in Lviv. In 1899, the Russian who were occupying the east and central part of Poland established the Polytechnic Institute in Warsaw. Soon after two technical universities were established in the eastern part of Prussia, currently belonging to Poland; in 1904 in Gdańsk and in 1910 in Wrocław. The main building of the Lviv Polytechnic, was designed in 1872. Its external form refers to pan-European designs, does not show the local specifics. The most important point of reference was the edifice of Vienna University of Technology, in the capital of the country to which Lviv belonged at the time. In the interior decorations from the end of the 19th century, in the hall and the library references were made to the Polish art. Similarly, in Warszawa, the external architecture of the main Polytechnic building does not refer to local character but to Italian patterns, while literal quotations from the works of the Polish Renaissance were used inside. The main building of the Gdańsk University of Technology was built in the years 1899-1904. Architects applied the northern Renaissance style. Its forms were related to the Baltic region and the architecture of the city from its heyday from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. They were, however, at that time considered as one of the types of German national architecture. Complicated political and national situation in this part of Europe caused that such important objects as the new university buildings had to convey a specific content, important for authors and founders. These contents made two separate groups and were expressed in two ways. One of them was a form and architectural details that, through the appropriate style selection, expressed the object relationship to the region, to the nation, to the state and to Europe. The second method of expressing was the use of symbolism directly depicting the function of buildings through details connected with industry departments, fields of science and outstanding engineers and scientists
The mechanism of grouting action under the base of bored pile
- Adam Krasiński
- Mateusz Wiszniewski
2018
The grouting under the base of bored pile is carried out in order to reduce pile settlement and improve its bearing capacity. The principal aim of grouting is to introduce an initial force between the soil and the pile base. In non-cohesive soil, the grouting can also enlarge the pile base area and therefore improve the base resistance. The example of static load tests on instrumented bored piles installed with and without grouting is presented. The interpretation and comparative analysis of both piles tests is carried out and gives interesting results. The conclusion of analysis is, that the grouting under the base primarily activates and increases the pile shaft resistance and thanks to it improves the characteristics of bored pile interaction with soil.
The mechanisms of technological innovation in SMEs: a Bayesian Network Analysis of EU regional policy impact on Polish firms.
- Massimo Florio
- Aleksandra Parteka
- Emanuela Sirtori
2018 Pełny tekst Technological and Economic Development of Economy
We study the underlying mechanisms of technological innovation in SMEs in the context of ex-post evaluation of European Union’s regional policy. Our aim is to explain the observed change in firms’ innovativeness after receiving EU support for technological investment. To do so, we take an approach that is novel in innovation studies: a Bayesian Network Analysis to assess the effectiveness of EU policy instrument for technological innovation and to determine the mechanisms by which the policy works within firms. Our data draw from a unique survey of 200 Polish firms that received “Technological Credit” during the 2007−2013 programming period. First, we confirm the short-term positive impact of the EU innovation policy (i.e. a wider range of products/services offered, increased sales and exports). More importantly, we determine the causal chain between economically quantifiable outcomes and behavioural change in the firm, which is an important node in the network of effects generated. We find that only the financially sounder and more internationalised firms managed to take advantage of the policy. These findings suggest that programmes based on technological credits are not well suited to foster innovation in more fragile and domestically oriented SMEs, which may require different policy instruments.