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Publikacje z roku 2020

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  • Utilization of Gaseous Carbon Dioxide and Industrial Ca-rich Waste for Calcium Carbonate Precipitation: A Review
    • Natalia Czaplicka
    • Donata Konopacka-Łyskawa
    2020 Pełny tekst ENERGIES

    Technologies for the management of various types of waste and the production of useful products from them are currently widely studied. Both carbon dioxide and calcium-rich waste from various production processes are problematic wastes that can be used to produce calcium carbonate. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the state of the development of processes that use these two wastes to obtain a valuable CaCO3 powder. The paper reviews the current research on the use of post-distillation liquid from the Solvay process, steelmaking slag, concrete, cement, and gypsum waste as well as some others industrial Ca-rich waste streams in the calcium carbonate precipitation process via carbonation route. This work is an attempt to collect the available information on the possibility of influencing the characteristics of the obtained calcium carbonate. It also indicates the possible limitations and implementation problems of the proposed technologies.

  • Utilizing Genome-Wide mRNA Profiling to Identify the Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Mechanism of Triazoloacridone C-1305 as Direct Microtubule Stabilization
    • Jarosław Króliczewski,
    • Sylwia Bartoszewska
    • Magdalena Dudkowska
    • Dorota Janiszewska
    • Agnieszka Biernatowska
    • David Crossman
    • Karol Krzymiński
    • Małgorzata Wysocka
    • Anna Romanowska
    • Maciej Bagiński
    • Michal Markuszewski
    • Renata J. Ochocka
    • James F. Collawn
    • Aleksander F. Sikorski
    • Ewa Sikora
    • Rafal Bartoszewski
    2020 Pełny tekst Cancers

    Rational drug design and in vitro pharmacology profiling constitute the gold standard in drug development pipelines. Problems arise, however, because this process is often dicult due to limited information regarding the complete identification of a molecule’s biological activities. The increasing aordability of genome-wide next-generation technologies now provides an excellent opportunity to understand a compound’s diverse eects on gene regulation. Here, we used an unbiased approach in lung and colon cancer cell lines to identify the early transcriptomic signatures of C-1305 cytotoxicity that highlight the novel pathways responsible for its biological activity. Our results demonstrate that C-1305 promotes direct microtubule stabilization as a part of its mechanism of action that leads to apoptosis. Furthermore, we show that C-1305 promotes G2 cell cycle arrest by modulating gene expression. The results indicate that C-1305 is the first microtubule stabilizing agent that also is a topoisomerase II inhibitor. This study provides a novel approach and methodology for delineating the antitumor mechanisms of other putative anticancer drug candidates.

  • UV Light-Modulated Fluctuation-Enhanced Gas Sensing by Layers of Graphene Flakes/TiO2 Nanoparticles
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Tomasz Chludziński
    • Umut Çindemir
    • Claes-Goran Granqvist
    • He Wen
    2020 Pełny tekst Journal of Sensors

    We present experimental results of fluctuation-enhanced gas sensing by low-cost resistive sensors made of a mixture of graphene flakes and TiO2 nanoparticles. Both components are photocatalytic and activated by UV light. Two UV LEDs of different wavelengths (362 and 394 nm) were applied to modulate the gas sensing of the layers. Resistance noise was recorded at low frequencies, between 8 Hz and 10 kHz. The sensors’ response was observed in an ambient atmosphere of synthetic air and toxic NO2 at selected concentrations (5, 10, and 15 ppm). We observed that flicker noise changed its frequency dependence at different UV light wavelengths, thereby providing additional information about the ambient atmosphere. The power spectral density changed by a few times as a result of UV light irradiation. The sensors were operated at 60 and 120°C, and the effect of UV light on gas sensing was most apparent at low operating temperature. We conclude that UV light activates the gas-sensing layer and improves gas detection at low concentrations of NO2. This result is desirable for the detection of the components of gas mixtures, and the modulated sensor can replace an array of independent resistive sensors which would consume much more energy for heating. We also suggest that a more advanced technology for preparing the gas-sensing layer, by use of spin coating, will produce corresponding layers with thickness of about a few μm, which is about ten times less than that for the tested samples. The effects induced by the applied UV light, having a penetration depth of only a few μm, would then be amplified.

  • Uwarunkowania realizacji kontrapasa autobusowego w zmiennokierunkowej organizacji ruchu
    • Jacek Oskarbski
    • Karol Żarski
    2020 Pełny tekst Transport Miejski i Regionalny

    Polskie miasta wprowadzają rozwiązania mające na celu zachęcanie do korzystania z alternatywnych do podróży samochodem sposobów przemieszczania się, w tym transportem zbiorowym, co może przyczynić się do zmniejszenia zatłoczenia sieci ulicznej. Jednym z przykładów takich działań jest wprowadzenie dedykowanego zmiennokierunkowego pasa autobusowego na jednej z głównych arterii miasta Gdyni. Jest to pierwsze rozwiązanie w Polsce, które zostało uruchomione pod koniec ubiegłego roku. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie innowacyjnego rozwiązania oraz wskazanie jego wad i zalet oraz problemów, które pojawiły się na etapie wdrożenia. Przedstawiono ponadto metodę szacowania efektywności zmian w organizacji ruchu na podstawie badań terenowych i symulacyjnych, którą zastosowano podczas procesu planowania usprawnień.

  • Uwarunkowania użytkowania podłóg przemysłowych - Błędy projektowe
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    2020 Pełny tekst Inżynier Budownictwa

    Celem artykułu jest wskazanie błędów popełnianych najczęściej przy projektowaniu podłóg przemysłowych. Opisane błędy mają wpływ na powstanie usterek i uszkodzeń zarówno przed, jak i w okresie ich eksploatacji.

  • Uwarunkowania użytkowania podłóg przemysłowych . Błędy wykonawcze
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    2020 Pełny tekst Inżynier Budownictwa

    Celem artykułu jest wskazanie błędów najczęściej popełnianych w trakcie realizacji podłóg przemysłowych. Podobnie jak błędy projektowe maja one wpływ na powstawanie usterek i uszkodzeń zarówno przed, jak również w okresie eksploatacji podłóg przemysłowych. Artykuł ma charakter studium przypadku i został ograniczony do wybranej sytuacji z praktyki inżynierskiej

  • Uwierzytelnienie i autoryzacja w systemie STRADAR
    • Sylwester Kaczmarek
    • Marcin Narloch
    • Maciej Sac
    2020 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

    Przedstawiono rozwiązanie serwera uwierzytelnienia i autoryzacji (AA) w rozproszonym systemie STRADAR, udostępniającym funkcjonalności dla prowadzenia działań operacyjnych Morskiego Oddziału Straży Granicznej. System umożliwia prezentację na stanowisku wizualizacji zdarzeń (SWZ) bieżącej i archiwalnej sytuacji na mapie (AIS, radary), obrazu z kamer, zdjęć, notatek, rozmów telefonicznych oraz plików i wiadomości tekstowych (SMS) wymienianych przez funkcjonariuszy Straży Granicznej. Serwer AA udostępnia administratorowi systemu STRADAR funkcje związane z zarządzaniem kontami operatorów SWZ, w tym dodawanie, edycję i usuwanie kont operatorów, definiowanie uprawnień operatorów, a także wyświetlenie historii działań na poszczególnych kontach operatorów. W artykule opisano architekturę, interfejs użytkownika oraz testy oprogramowania serwera AA.

  • Użytkownicy sieci portów jachtowych obszaru South Coast Baltic w świetle badań
    • Marcin Forkiewicz
    2020

    South Coast Baltic jest obszarem turystyki żeglarskiej od Stralsundu w Niemczech, przez polskie wybrzeże Morza Bałtyckiego, do Kłajpedy na Litwie, obejmującym także duńską wyspę Bornholm oraz okolice rosyjskiego Kaliningradu. Głównym produktem turystycznym destynacji South Coast Baltic jest transgraniczna sieć portów jachtowych zlokalizowanych w ponad 130 miastach i miejscowościach, oferująca swoim klientom ok. dziesięć tysięcy miejsc postoju jachtów. Celem pracy jest identyfikacja form współpracy i organizacji portów jachtowych obszaru South Coast Baltic przez pryzmat wielokryterialnej charakterystyki ich użytkowników, tj. żeglarzy odbywających wielodniowe rejsy jachtami żaglowymi i motorowymi. Zdefiniowanej w ten sposób kategorii klientów, porty jachtowe oferują usługi związane postojem jachtów prywatnych i czarterowanych oraz pobytem członków załóg. Charakterystyka użytkowników sieci portów jachtowych obszaru South Coast Baltic stanowi pierwszy etap analizy strategicznej destynacji turystyki żeglarskiej południowego wybrzeża Morza Bałtyckiego. Dzięki kompleksowemu ujęciu problematyki klientów portów jachtowych zawiera mnóstwo inspirujących wskazówek do dalszych badań w wielu aspektach, np. morskiej turystyki żeglarskiej, zarządzania portami jachtowymi oraz rozwoju regionalnego miejscowości portowych i regionów nadmorskich. Ich celem powinno być opracowanie zintegrowanej strategii zarządzania obszarem South Coast Baltic z jego kluczowym transgranicznym produktem turystycznym – międzyorganizacyjną siecią portów jachtowych. Książka jest adresowana do wszystkich interesariuszy portów jachtowych południowego wybrzeża Morza Bałtyckiego.

  • Vacuum ultraviolet photoionization and ionic fragmentation of the isoxazole molecules
    • Tomasz Wąsowicz
    • Antti Kivimaki
    • Daniele Catone
    • Robert Richter
    2020 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY

    The photofragmentation of the isoxazole molecules producing ionized atomic and molecular fragments was investigated in the photon energy range of 9e32 eV, using synchrotron radiation excitation combined with ion time-of-flight spectrometry. Twenty-one well resolved cations were identified in the mass spectra of the isoxazole, and their appearance energies were determined. The yield curves of these cations were obtained in the photon energy ranges from their appearance energies up to 32 eV. Moreover, the total ion yield of isoxazole was recorded with high precision in the photon energy range of 9.9e10.5 eV. This allowed the determination of the adiabatic ionization energy of 9.96 (0.02) eV in excellent agreement with earlier spectroscopic studies. Our results show that the dissociative ionization of isoxazole starts from the ring-opening and isomerization of isoxazole, and further it follows strictly through its ionic states. Possible ionic fragmentation channels yielding particular ions are discussed.

  • Validation Process for Computational Model of Full-Scale Segment for Design of Composite Footbridge
    • Tomasz Ferenc
    • Tomasz Mikulski
    2020 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research

    Experimental tests and numerical simulations of a full-scale segment of a foot and cycle bridge made of polymer composites are presented in the paper. The analysed structure is made of sandwich panels, which consist of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) multi-layered laminate faces and a PET foam (obtained from recycling) core. The dimensions of the segment cross-section are the same as for the target footbridge; however, span length was reduced to 3 m. The experimental tests were conducted in a laboratory of the Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology at Gdansk University of Technology. A single vertical force was generated by a hydraulic cylinder and was applied to the platform of the structure. The experimental tests were supported by numerical analyses performed in Femap with NX Nastran software by means of the finite element method (FEM). Results obtained in the computational model were compared with results from experiments. Thus, the numerical model was validated and the obtained conclusions were used in the next step of the design process of a composite footbridge with a span length of 14.5 m.

  • Variable‐fidelity modeling of antenna input characteristics using domain confinement and two‐stage Gaussian process regression surrogates
    • Pieter Jacobs
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2020 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS

    The major bottleneck of electromagnetic (EM)-driven antenna design is the high CPU cost of massive simulations required by parametric optimization, uncertainty quantification, or robust design procedures. Fast surrogate models may be employed to mitigate this issue to a certain extent. Unfortunately, the curse of dimensionality is a serious limiting factor, hindering the construction of conventional data-driven models valid over wide ranges of the antenna parameters and operating conditions. This paper proposes a novel surrogate modeling approach that capitalizes on two recently proposed frameworks: the nested kriging approach and two-stage Gaussian process regression (GPR). In our methodology, the first-level surrogate of nested kriging is applied to define the confined domain of the model in which the final surrogate is constructed using two-stage GPR. The latter permits blending information from a sparsely-sampled high-fidelity EM simulation model and a densely-sampled low-fidelity (or coarse-mesh) model. This combination enables significant computational savings in terms of training data acquisition while retaining excellent predictive power of the surrogate. At the same time, the proposed framework inherits all the benefits of nested kriging, including ease of uniform sampling of the confined domain as well as straightforward generation of a good initial design for surrogate model optimization. Comprehensive benchmarking carried out using two antenna examples demonstrates superiority of our technique over conventional surrogates (unconfined domain), and standard GPR applied to the confined domain. Application examples for antenna optimization are also provided.

  • Vehicle Detection with Self-Training for Adaptative Video Processing Embedded Platform
    • Sebastian Cygert
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    2020 Pełny tekst Applied Sciences-Basel

    Traffic monitoring from closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras on embedded systems is the subject of the performed experiments. Solving this problem encounters difficulties related to the hardware limitations, and possible camera placement in various positions which affects the system performance. To satisfy the hardware requirements, vehicle detection is performed using a lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), named SqueezeDet, while, for tracking, the Simple Online and Realtime Tracking (SORT) algorithm is applied, allowing for real-time processing on an NVIDIA Jetson Tx2. To allow for adaptation of the system to the deployment environment, a procedure was implemented leading to generating labels in an unsupervised manner with the help of background modelling and the tracking algorithm. The acquired labels are further used for fine-tuning the model, resulting in a meaningful increase in the traffic estimation accuracy, and moreover, adding only minimal human effort to the process allows for further accuracy improvement. The proposed methods, and the results of experiments organised under real-world test conditions are presented in the paper.

  • Verification of GNSS Measurements of the Railway Track Using Standard Techniques for Determining Coordinates
    • Cezary Specht
    • Andrzej Wilk
    • Władysław Koc
    • Krzysztof Karwowski
    • Paweł Dąbrowski
    • Mariusz Specht
    • Sławomir Grulkowski
    • Piotr Chrostowski
    • Jacek Szmagliński
    • Krzysztof Czaplewski
    • Jacek Skibicki
    • Sławomir Judek
    • Roksana Licow
    2020 Pełny tekst Remote Sensing

    The problem of the reproduction of the railway geometric layout in the global spatial system is currently solved in the form of measurements that use geodetic railway networks and also, in recent years, efficient methods of mobile positioning (mainly satellite and inert). The team of authors from the Gdańsk University of Technology and the Maritime University in Gdynia as part of the research project InnoSatTrack is looking for effective and efficient methods for the inventory of railway lines. The research is part of a wider investigation BRIK (Research and Development in Railway Infrastructure, in polish: Badania i Rozwój w Infrastrukturze Kolejowej). This paper presents a comparative analysis of the problem of the reproduction of the trajectory of the measuring system using tacheometry, satellite measurements made using a measurement trolley, and mobile satellite measurements. Algorithms enabling the assessment of the compliance of satellite measurements with classic tacheometric measurements were presented. To this end, the authors held measurement sessions using modern geodetic instruments and satellite navigation on a section of the railway line. The results of the measurements indicate the convergence of the level of accuracy achieved by different measuring techniques.

  • Vibration and buckling characteristics of nonlocal beam placed in a magnetic field embedded in Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundation using a new refined beam theory: an analytical approach
    • Subrat Kumar Subrat
    • S. Chakraverty
    • Mohammad Malikan
    2020 Pełny tekst European Physical Journal Plus

    In this article, a new refined beam theory, namely one variable first-order shear deformation theory, has been employed to study the vibration and buckling characteristics of nonlocal beam. The beam is exposed to an axial magnetic field and embedded in Winkler–Pasternak foundation. The von Kármán hypothesis along with Hamilton’s principle has been implemented to derive the governing equations for both the vibration and buckling studies, and closed-form solutions are obtained for simply supported beam using the Navier’s approach. Further, a parametric study has been conducted to explore the impacts of small-scale parameter, Winkler modulus, shear modulus and magnetic field intensity on natural frequencies and critical buckling loads.

  • Virtual inertia in Electric Power System
    • Zbigniew Lubośny
    2020 Automatyka Elektryka Zakłócenia

    The article presents the idea of introducing virtual inertia system to the electric power systems. The virtual inertia aim is to reduce or eliminate the effect of reducing the inertia of the power system as a result of replacing classic electricity generating units with renewable renergy sources (RES). The considerations are ilustrated by a computational example.

  • Virtual reality technology in architectural education
    • Agnieszka Gębczyńska-Janowicz
    2020 Pełny tekst World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education

    Contemporary virtual reality (VR) technology allows the recreation of non-existent architectural objects of which there may be no trace remaining. Virtual reality applications allow access to digital models, which visualise the lost architecture. The popularity of VR has resulted in it being applied not only to computer games, but also in visualising the past. Maps allow movement through historical trails and 3D models of architecture that no longer exist can be activated on tablets that allow topographic points of modern space to be overlaid with virtual perspectives of historical architecture. In the future, such technology will be applied to develop outdoor exhibitions in memorial sites. They are nowadays used by students during classes in architectural and urban design, so as to make the visualisation of design issues more interesting. The aim of this article is to review the possibilities of the application of VR technologyin student projects in architectural education.

  • Virtual reality tools in teaching the conservation and history of Polish architecture
    • Szymon Kowalski
    • Piotr Samól
    • Robert Hirsch
    2020 Pełny tekst World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education

    Virtual reality and its impact on teaching conservation and architectural history is the subject of this article. During the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, the education of students of architecture was transferred by Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Gdańsk, Poland, to distance learning. This method has provided academics an opportunity to examine the impact of virtual reality and remote education on architectural history and conservation. The outcome of that examination - not of graphical skills typical of architecture - but rather of spatial imagination in a three-dimensional environment is presented and discussed in this article.

  • Virulence, antifungal susceptibility and molecular mechanisms of echinocandin resistance among Candida isolates recovered from clinical specimens
    • Martyna Mroczyńska
    2020

    Fungi of the genus Candida belong to the natural microflora of healthy individuals. However, they can also be a cause of opportunistic infections especially among patients with an impaired immune system. The first line therapy of Candida infections is based on triazoles. However, in recent years there an increase of azole resistant Candida spp., in particular C. glabrata and C. krusei, has been observed. For this reason, echinocandin drugs are increasingly being used. Epidemiological studies conducted around the world indicate a low level of Candida resistance to echinocandins. However, echinocandin resistance for C. glabrata is still increasing and in 2015 it was estimated to be over 13%. In the presented PhD dissertation, the echinocandin susceptibility tests was performed for the first time on a microdilution broth of 242 Candida isolates collected from Polish hospitals, and resulted in the finding that 6.6% of isolates are echinocandin resistant. Moreover, the molecular mechanism was investigated by the examination of the mutations occurring in the FKS1 gene encoding the glucan synthase – the molecular target of echinocandin. The FKS1 gene mutation (T4072C) that contributes to echinocandin resistance has been identified in single C. albicans and C. inconspicua isolates. Another part of this research was to investigate the influence of anidulafungin and micafungin exposure to the susceptibility to echinocandin and the expression level of CHS1, CRZ1, CRZ2, UTR2 and HSP90 genes. Anidulafungin exposure cause the overexpression of CHS1 and CRZ2. After the exposure of anidulafungin and then the removal of this compound from the medium the expression level of CHS1, UTR2 and CRZ1 was higher than the initial expression of these genes. The pathogenicity of Candida isolates was also tested using Galleria mellonella larvae as the host organism. The obtained results were compared with the enzymatic activity of different virulence factors. Mortality of G. mellonella larvae infected with different Candida species was distinguished between virulent and non-virulent phenotypes. C. albicans were the most pathogenic species and produced the highest amount of virulence factors, while most C. parapsilosis isolates were avirulent. The pathogenicity of Candida isolates examined in G. mellonella larvae is correlated with protease, haemolysins and esterase activity among Candida clinical isolates.

  • Visual Capacity Assessment of the Open Landscape in Terms of Protection and Shaping: Case Study of a Village in Poland
    • Anna Górka
    2020 Pełny tekst Sustainability

    This article describes the methodology and results of research on landscape visual capacity. The aim of the project was to develop a tool that would support planning and design decisions at the level of communal management in rural areas in Poland through systematic application of visual criteria. Their importance in the protection, management and shaping of space is underlined by the document produced at the European Landscape Convention of 2000 (ELC). To date, ELC recommendations have not been fully implemented in Poland. The author of the study used the methods of the Krakow School of Landscape Architecture in assessing cultural landscapes and referred to the assumptions of the British Landscape Character Assessment (LCA). The analysis was based on the results of a landscape identification conducted in a part of the Cekcyn commune. The assessment of visual capacity was conducted for the village of Nowy Sumin, located in that commune. The eect of the study is the classification of open landscapes with respect to the assessment of visual changes resulting from potential residential development. The results obtained prompt the conclusion that the applied method can eectively support local spatial planning as it takes national conditions into account.

  • Visual Content Representation for Cognitive Systems: Towards Augmented Intelligence
    • Caterine Silva de Oliveira
    • Cesar Sanin
    • Edward Szczerbicki
    2020

    Cognitive Vision Systems have gained significant attention from academia and industry during the past few decades. One of the main reasons behind this interest is the potential of such technologies to revolutionize human life since they intend to work robustly under complex visual scenes (which environmental conditions may vary), adapting to a comprehensive range of unforeseen changes, and exhibiting prospective behavior. The combination of these properties supports the creation of more intelligent and efficient environments by mimicking the human capabilities. Nonetheless, preserving the environment involves gathering visual and other sensorial information and translating it into knowledge to be useful, which still remains a challenge for real time cognitive vision applications due to the complexity of such process. Experts believe the starting point is to establish a knowledge representation for Cognitive Vision technologies as a unique standard that could integrate image/video modularization and virtualization, together with information from other sources (wearable sensors, machine signals, context, etc.) and capture its knowledge. In this chapter, we present a multi-domain knowledge structure based on experience, which can be used as a comprehensive embedded knowledge representation for Cognitive Vision System, addressing the representation of visual content issue and facilitating its reuse. In addition, a successful representation and management of knowledge in cognitive systems would support communication and collaboration between humans and machines, for increased learning capabilities and enhanced decision making; this concept is a pathway towards what is called Augmented Intelligence. The implementation of such representation has been tested in a Cognitive Vision Platform for Hazard Control (CVP-HC) to address the issue of workers’ exposure to risks in industrial environments, in special for the non-use of personal protective equipment, facilitating knowledge engineering processes through a flexible and adaptable implementation.