2024 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Geotechnical Analysis and Stability Assessment of a Landslide Event in Gera Woreda, Ethiopia
- Mulatu Tamiru
- Worku Firomsa Kabeta
- Damtew Tsige
- Hashim Ware
- Zeberga Tenaye
2024 Cogent Engineering
This study investigates the geotechnical factors influencing a recent landslide event in Gera Woreda, Ethiopia. The primary objective was to identify the soil properties contributing to landslide occurrence and understand the triggering mechanisms. Field investigations, soil sampling from both affected and unaffected areas, and subsequent laboratory characterization were conducted. The analysis revealed a dominance of fine-grained soils, such as clay and silt, which are susceptible to weakening upon saturation, thereby increasing landslide susceptibility. Rainfall is identified as the primary trigger for the landslide. Numerical stability assessments using the Limit Equilibrium Method (software, SlideTM) and the Finite Element Method (software, PLAXISVR) were performed to assess the stability of the slopes. The stability analysis revealed a notable decrease in the factor of safety (FS) under rising groundwater levels. For example, the FS for Slope 1 decreased from 1.42 under dry conditions to 0.73 at a 2 m groundwater depth. Similarly, Slope 2’s FS decreased from 2.06 to 1.18 under similar conditions. These results emphasize that rainfall is the primary trigger for landslides in the area. To address this, the study proposes surface drainage systems and the planting of Vetiver grass to improve slope stability. These findings provide critical insights for developing proactive mitigation strategies to protect local communities and infrastructure from landslide hazards.
Global Digital Technology Convergence: Driving Diffusion via Network Effects
- Ewa Lechman
- Adam Marszk
2024
Since the 1970s, we have witnessed unprecedented diffusion of digital technologies in both speed and geographic coverage. These technologies are pervasive and disruptive, and lead to profound shifts and transformations in societies and economies. Many claim that emerging network externalities are the principal phenomenon driving the process of technology diffusion and determining its in-time dynamics. This book analyses the unique role network effects play in the process of digital technology diffusion. Using the time span of 1980-2022 and data from over 180 countries, the authors examines the strength and determinates of emerging network externalities in the process of digital technology diffusion across the world. Moreover, using international case studies it traces the process of technology convergence and technology convergence club formation, intending to answer whether cross-country gaps are diminishing or rather growing, and if countries form unique “clubs” within which a rapid convergence occurs.
Global value chains and inward FDI: An empirical investigation of European firms
- Michele Imbruno
- Rosanna Pittiglio
- Filippo Reganati
- Sabina Szymczak
- Joanna Wolszczak-Derlacz
2024 WORLD ECONOMY
This paper empirically investigates whether and how the level of GVC integration of a given market may explain the presence of foreign-owned firms. Using firm-level data from 28 European Union countries during the period 2008–2014, we provide evidence that a greater country-sector-level GVC participation, via both backward and forward linkages, exerts a positive effect on a firm's likelihood to receive FDI. These findings appear particularly strong for new EU Member States and services industries when looking at the differences across countries and sectors. Interestingly, when exploring the role of country-sector position along the GVC, we find that FDI gains from backward GVC integration are more prominent if the markets are associated with the final stages of the supply chain, whereas those from forward GVC integration are greater when the markets are associated with the initial stages, in line with the smile curve hypothesis.
Global value chains, wages, employment and labour production in China: A regional approach
- Yuxin Lu
- Edgardo Sica
- Joanna Wolszczak-Derlacz
2024 Pełny tekst Structural Change and Economic Dynamics
In this study we analyse the relationship of trade and global value chains (GVCs) to the labour market in 31 Chinese provinces for 25 sectors, by means of a system of structural equations. We firstly distinguish between provincial value chains (PVCs) and interprovincial value chains (PRVCs) in order to outline their distribution and evolution over time. Then, we investigate to what extent participation in GVCs, PVCs and PRVCs – along with trading in final goods and services – is associated with labour market outcomes, i.e., wages, employment and labour production. The results suggest that provinces/sectors with greater export penetration have higher employment and labour production, but lower wages. On the other hand, however, GVCs are found to impede growth in employment and labour production.
Globalized Parametric Optimization of Microwave Passive Components Using Simplex-Based Surrogates
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
- Sławomir Kozieł
2024 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
Optimization-based parameter adjustment involving full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models is a crucial stage of present-day microwave design process. In fact, rigorous optimization is the only reliable mean permitting to simultaneously handle multiple geometry/material parameters, objectives, and constraints. Unfortunately, EM-driven design is a computationally intensive endeavor. While local tuning is usually manageable, direct global search is most often prohibitively costly. At the same time, global optimization is often required: design of compact microwave passives, multi-modal problems, circuit re-design across broad range of operating conditions, are a few examples. A popular mitigation method is to employ surrogate modeling approach. Still, constructing reliable models is impeded by the curse of dimensionality. This paper presents a novel algorithm for globalized design of microwave devices, which employs simplex-based regression models build at the level of operating parameters and performance figures of the circuit of interest. Computational efficiency of our technique stems from topological simplicity of the surrogate and its updating rules, as well as nearly-linear dependence between the circuit dimensions and its operational parameters. Furthermore, the updating rules of the regression model guarantee convergence of the optimization process. The global search capability of our technique is validated through repetitive optimization of three microstrip circuits. A perfect success rate is demonstrated along with a low (average) computational cost of just about eighty EM analyses of the circuit at hand. Numerical results are supported by experimental validation of selected designs.
Głębokie uczenie do korekcji fazy sygnałów GMSK w rzeczywistym środowisku wewnątrzbudynkowym
- Alicja Olejniczak
- Jarosław Sadowski
2024 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje zastosowanie modelu głębokiej sieci neuronowej do estymacji średniego odchylenia fazy sygnałów odebranych i jest elementem badań obejmujących szersze zagadnienie, jakim jest odbiór sygnałów GMSK wspomagany uczeniem maszynowym. Analiza pozwoliła potwierdzić wysoką skuteczność sieci neuronowej, a wyniki obejmowały kanały ETU i EPA oraz dane pomiarowe zebrane w rzeczywistym środowisku wewnątrz- budynkowym. Rozwiązanie porównano z klasycznymi metodami estymacji średniego odchylenia fazy.
Going all in or spreading your bet: a configurational perspective on open innovation interaction channels in production sectors
- Marita McPhillips
- Silke Tegtmeier
- Tatjana Nikitina
2024 Pełny tekst Production Engineering Archives
Using different interaction channels within open innovation partnerships holds the potential to enhance the chance of success in production sectors. However, our comprehension of how open innovation partnerships are affected by varying combinations of interaction channels, and how this corelates with their level of open innovation output, remains limited. There are discrepancies in the current literature regarding the individual and combined effects of open innovation interaction channels. Our study aims to resolve these inconsistencies by using a configurational perspective, which allows for the identifi- cation of multiple successful pathways. Employing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to a dataset of European open innovation partnerships in production sectors, we uncover specific combinations of interaction channels that explain high levels of innovation outcomes. Subse- quently, we distinguish between two successful pathways. Notably, we observe that the relationship between interaction channels is causally complex, high engagement in open innovation may not guar- antee favorable innovation outcomes. This finding highlights the intricate causal dynamics at play. Thus, our study is a significant step toward reconciling the disparate perspectives in the literature concerning the impact of interaction channels on open innovation output.
Government in the metaverse: Requirements and suitability for providing digital public services
- Martin Lnenicka
- Nina Rizun
- Charalampos Harris Alexopoulos
- Marijn Janssen
2024 TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
Digital government comprises all means to enable governments to interact with their constituents digitally. The metaverse provides a virtual reality environment where various activities can be carried out without physically visiting the places of interest, including the public authorities. Yet, how governments can use the metaverse is unknown. This paper aims to extend the understanding of the metaverse architecture requirements and their suitability for digital public services provision. We used the systematic literature review, experts' assessment using the Delphi method, and quantitative analysis to attain this goal. Our research contributes to the literature by eliciting the structure and composition of the functional and non-functional requirements. The contributions include (1) identification and classification of 50 functional and 16 non-functional metaverse-related architecture requirements, (2) determination and relevancy of 15 most important functional and 6 non-functional requirements for digital public services provision, and (3) suitability assessment of the 21 services recommended for provision in the EU's metaverse platform with the highest potential to attract users. These findings show that governments pose unique requirements on the metaverse. Not all types of services are suitable for providing in the metaverse. Those focused on empowering citizens and helping them to develop are most important
Granulometric characterization of Arctic driftwood sawdust from frame sawing process
- Daniel Chuchała
- Tomasz Rogoziński
- Kazimierz Orłowski
- Marta Pędzik
- Luďka Hanincova
- Olafur Eggertsson
2024 Pełny tekst INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Arctic driftwood can be used as an alternative source of wood as construction timber and furniture material, especially in Iceland and Greenland. The use of Arctic driftwood can help in the fight against climate change, by developing land reforestation processes and reducing the volume harvested wood from forests and sustainability of harvesting processes. In this paper the results of an analysis of the effect of long-term residence of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and larch wood (Larix sibirica L.) stay in Arctic ice and seawater on the granulation of wood sawdust and the distribution of fine wood dust particles during the frame sawing process are presented. The distribution of wood chips and dust was analysed using sieve and laser diffraction methods. The results confirmed that Arctic driftwood, compared to normal wood for both analysed species, generate slightly more fine wood dust particles during the frame sawing process, which can be harmful to human health. However, these differences are not significant, indicating that the same dust extraction systems can be used for both sawing processes.
Graphene oxide aerogels for adsorptive separation of aromatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes
- Maksymilian Plata Gryl
- Roberto Castro Munoz
- Emilia Gontarek-Castro
- Alan Miralrio
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
2024 Pełny tekst CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Efficient separation of benzene and cyclohexane has critical importance for production of commodity chemicals, and is one of the most challenging separations in the industry. Physisorption by recyclable, porous solids has a significant potential in substituting energy-intensive azeotropic or extractive distillation methods. Reduced graphene oxide aerogels (rGOAs) are emerging materials holding great promise for connecting unique properties of 2D graphene with ordinary 3D materials. The benzene/cyclohexane separation on rGOAs self-assembled by the chemical reduction with l-ascorbic acid, sodium bisulphite and (for the first time) sodium dithionite was studied by dynamic gas adsorption methods, and the adsorption performance was analysed in relation to aerogels physicochemical properties. The aerogel reduced with sodium dithionite (rGOA_DTN) had the highest reduction degree and specific surface area (461.2 m2g-1), with the highest contribution of mesopores. It was also the sample with the uppermost uptake of benzene and cyclohexane. The binary component adsorption on rGOA_DTN resulted in the selectivity of the adsorption of benzene over cyclohexane of 2.1. Adsorption-desorption studies demonstrated the excellent thermal stability of the adsorbent in the long-run operation. Because the adsorption capacity did not correlate with the mesopores but with macropores surface area, the selectivity of the adsorption was attributed to the different physicochemical structure of aerogels surface. The benzene molecule interacted strongly by specific C-H···π interactions, while the cyclohexane molecule was excluded from the surface of aerogels because of its shape/size. Results demonstrated that rGOAs can be a versatile and flexible platform for adsorptive gas-phase hydrocarbons separation.
Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets decorated with HAp@Bi2S3 core–shell nanorods: Dual S-scheme 1D/2D heterojunction for environmental and hydrogen production solutions
- Mohammad Chahkandi
- Mahboobeh Zargazi
- Khadijeh Boland Ghiasabadi
- Jin Suk Chung
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Mohammad Saeb
- Mehdi Baghayeri
2024 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
By combining different semiconductors, scientists have developed innovative materials capable of converting solar energy into useful forms of energy or driving chemical reactions that clean up pollutants. These materials offer a promising path to combat global environmental and energy challenges. In this study, HAp@Bi2S3 core–shell structures were synthesized using a facile microemulsion technique, and then loaded onto graphitic carbon nitride via a hydrothermal method to create an advanced HAp@Bi2S3/g-C3N4 dual S-scheme heterojunction. The engineered heterojunction exhibited enhanced hydrogen production and visible light photocatalytic oxidation of metronidazole. The improved photocatalytic efficiency was attributed to the core–shell structure of HAp@Bi2S3 along with the formation of a dual S-scheme heterojunction in HAp@Bi2S3/g-C3N4. As a result, the novel dual S-scheme HAp@Bi2S3/g-C3N4 heterojunction demonstrated a significantly higher hydrogen production rate, ca. 20 times higher than that of hydroxyapatite (HAp), 11 times higher than Bi2S3, and 5 times higher than the HAp@Bi2S3. This research introduces a novel approach to crafting dual S-scheme heterojunctions based on Bi2S3, which enables swift electron transfer across heterojunction interfaces, thereby enlarged possibility windows to sustainable hydrogen production and wastewater remediation technologies.
Graphs with isolation number equal to one third of the order
- Magdalena Lemańska
- Merce Mora
- Maria Jose Souto Salorio
2024 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS
A set D of vertices of a graph G is isolating if the set of vertices not in D and with no neighbor in D is independent. The isolation number of G, denoted by \iota(G) , is the minimum cardinality of an isolating set of G. It is known that \iota(G) \leq n/3 , if G is a connected graph of order n, , distinct from C_5 . The main result of this work is the characterisation of unicyclic and block graphs of order n with isolating number equal to n/3 . Moreover, we provide a family of general graphs attaining this upper bound on the isolation number.
Green adsorbents and solvents in food analysis
- Hameed Haq
- Muhammad Shahzeb Khan
- Muhammad Jahangir Khan
- Muhammad Balal Arain
2024
Green analytical chemistry aims to minimize the negative impact of analytical procedures on the environment and human health. This can be achieved through the use of non-toxic and environmentally friendly reagents. Classical green solvents include water, ethanol, acetone, and supercritical fluids. Water has been used for the extraction of water-soluble compounds (sugars, amino acids). Ethanol and acetone have been used for the extraction of lipids and pigments, flavors and preparation of extracts for chromatographic analysis. Supercritical fluids have been used as a solvent in food analysis for the extraction of lipids, pigments, flavors and caffeine. In this chapter, new types of green solvents and their applications for food analysis have been described in detail. The description is given for new green solvents, for example, deep eutectic solvents (DESs), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), ionic liquids, and supra molecular solvents. The application of these green solvents has been described in detail. The advantages and disadvantages associated with these green solvents have also been described in detail. In this chapter, we have summarized four types of green solvents and adsorbents as listed below molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), ionic liquids (ILs) and supramolecular solvents (SMs). Among the selected green solvents, ionic liquids (IL) have been extensively used for food analysis. The properties of IL can be adjusted by changing the composition of IL. Application of ionic liquids for metal analysis in foods has critically discussed. Deep eutectic solvents are a new class of green designer solvents with tunable properties and can be synthesized simply by mixing hydrogen bond donors (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA). Applications of DESs have been discussed in detail with special emphasis on the analysis of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and polar organic compounds. Molecularly imprinted polymer (IMPs) is an advanced class of greed adsorbent used for food analysis. A new class of green solvents “supramolecular solvents” has been discussed with special emphasis on supramolecular-deep eutectic solvents.
Green and sustainable hydrogels based on quaternized chitosan to enhance wound healing
- Fatemeh Mottaghitalab
- Mohsen Khodadadiyazdi
- Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Tomasz Bączek
- Mehdi Farokhi
2024 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Hydrogel-based biomaterials applied as wound dressings provide the wound with a moist environment, which facilitates tissue regeneration through granulation and re-epithelialization. The inherent flexibility and adjustable architecture of hydrogels enables incorporation of cells, antimicrobial drugs, growth factors, and bioactive compounds, which leads to expediting wound contraction and enhancing the regeneration process. The utilization of natural polysaccharides, particularly chitosan, as a green and one of the most sustainable biomaterials among renewable resources, has been widely practised in wound healing because of its promising cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the challenge of limited solubility of chitosan at neutral or basic media (pH ≥ 6.5) has been pinpointed. The exploration of quaternary chitosan hydrogels was a big step to combat its low solubility through the contribution of a quaternary ammonium group that improves the hydrophilicity and additionally brings about antibacterial activity over a wide range of pH. This review summarizes the latest progress in using hydrogel dressings based on quaternized chitosan for wound regeneration, encompassing various aspects such as hemostasis, antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, and overall wound healing efficacy. Furthermore, the present review addresses the existing challenges and proposes possible solutions to enlarge development avenues in pursue of optimizing wound regeneration performance of quaternized chitosan-based hydrogels in prospect.
Green engineered biomaterials for bone repair and regeneration: Printing technologies and fracture analysis
- Balbina Makurat-Kasprolewicz
- Hossein Ipakchi
- Pouya Rajaee
- Agnieszka Ossowska
- Aleksander Hejna
- Mehdi Farokhi
- Fatemeh Mottaghitalab
- Małgorzata Pawlak
- Navid Rabiee
- Mariusz Belka
- Tomasz Baczek
- Mohammad Reza Saeb
2024 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Despite the exceptional self-regeneration properties of bone, severe injuries often require additional surgical intervention such as using artificial bone constructs. These structures need to meet a number of criteria regarding their structure, performance, alongside the rate and the mechanism of erosion and fracture when implanted, for stimulating the regeneration of defected bone and, more critically providing support in the interim. Technological development in the fields of imaging and additive manufacturing enables taking a huge step forward toward preparing personalized implants with characteristics matching the requirements of the specific injury. From biomaterials point of view, greener and more sustainable biomaterials from renewable resources are on demand for bone regeneration; moreover, bone repair necessitates engineering properties and performance, e.g. mechanical properties. Currently, potential processing methods are not merely limited to 3D printing, but also include 4D and 5D printing methods, considering time, dimension, and rotational degrees of freedom. A wide varieties of the aforementioned processes and techniques enable the application of metals, their alloys, ceramics, and polymers, providing an extremely wide spectrum of possibilities for implant design. Herein, the critical aspects of green biomaterials applied in bone tissue engineering, their application in bone repair and regeneration are summarized, and novel directions in bone tissue engineering are proposed for future developments. Eventually, the latest advances in the application of green biomaterials in clinics are outlined.
Greening Higher Education in Europe. Institutional Transitions to Sustainable Development
- Magdalena Popowska
2024
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the advances made in European higher education institutions (HEIs) over the last twenty years in response to the challenges of sustainable development. In recent years, there has been a visible shift toward sustainable development, and universities have been addressing their accountability to the public through corporate social responsibility. Greening Higher Education in Europe explores these recent developments, beginning with an introduction to sustainable development and its complexity, followed by a discussion of the regulatory and organizational context of higher education in Europe. This book goes on to examine the key pillars of sustainable development in HEIs, including education, research, and campus development, demonstrating best practices from a range of European universities including the University of Groningen (The Netherlands), Lund University (Sweden), Aalto University (Finland), and The University of Edinburgh (UK), among others. It also explores the role of HEIs in educating future leaders in sustainable development and presents a framework for understanding the values and decision-making processes of HEI leaders. It concludes by highlighting the need for a new paradigm in HEIs that promotes innovation, quality, equity, and respect for the environment.
Greening the Innovation Landscape: Leveraging Open Innovation Channels for Sustainable Technology Adoption
- Marita McPhillips
2024
Open innovation offers a great potential for accelerating sustainable technology adoption. This study presents the diverse interaction channels of open innovation and their role in facilitating the development and integration of sustainable solutions. Through an analysis of collaboration mechanisms associated with various open innovation channels in sustainable technology adoption projects, this paper offers a comprehensive framework for partnerships to strategically execute innovation strategies geared towards furthering sustainability objectives. The findings highlight the transformative potential of different open innovation interaction channels in advancing sustainability agendas. Several collaboration mechanisms support the benefits of employing the open innovation interaction channels. By categorizing and evaluating different interaction channels conducive for sustainable solutions this study explores the interplay between open innovation processes and sustainable innovation, assesses the role of different collaboration mechanisms in driving sustainable open innovation, discusses metrics to measure the effectiveness of open innovation interactions in sustainable initiatives and provides new ideas for managers to improve sustainable innovation performance.
Guided wave propagation in debonding detection in CFRP-reinforced steel plate-like structures
- Beata Zima
- Łukasz Breńkacz
2024 OCEAN ENGINEERING
The present study investigates the guided wave propagation in multilayered steel specimens reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) through theoretical, numerical, and experimental means. The effectiveness of externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) relies heavily on the bonding quality between the CFRP and the substrate. Premature debonding, a prevalent and hazardous defect, can arise from suboptimal manufacturing processes, excessive loads, and unfavorable environmental conditions. This defect remains hidden and poses challenges for detection through conventional visual inspections. Therefore, this research analyzes the impact of debonding development on wave propagation signals. The paper specifically focuses on examining different transducer localizations and their influence on the monitoring process efficiency. The theoretical rationale for various transducer configurations is presented, highlighting the undeniable influence of the chosen configuration on monitoring effectiveness. Multiple transducer and damage configurations are described, and their disparities are investigated through experimental and numerical studies. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that assumptions valid for damages with regular shapes cannot be easily extended and applied to diagnostic procedures in more complex scenarios, such as debonding that develops across the entire specimen but within a limited width.
Halucynacje chatbotów a prawda: główne nurty debaty i ich interpretacje
- Jan Kreft
- Monika Boguszewicz-kreft
- Barbara Cyrek
2024 Pełny tekst Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Generatywne systemy sztucznej inteligencji (SI) są w stanie tworzyć treści medialne poprzez zastosowanie uczenia maszynowego do dużych ilości danych szkoleniowych. Te nowe dane mogą obejmować tekst (np. Bard firmy Google, LLaMa firmy Meta lub ChatGPT firmy OpenAI) oraz elementy wizualne (np. Stable Diffusion lub DALL-E OpenAI) i dźwięk (np. VALL-E firmy Micro- soft). Stopień zaawansowania tych treści może czynić je nieodróżnialnymi od twórczości człowieka. Chatboty cechują się jednak tzw. halucynacjami, które w istotnej części są nowym rodzajem dezinformacji. Celem podjętych badań jest identyfikacja głównych nurtów debaty poświęconej skutkom wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dezinformacji z udziałem chatbotów w środowisku mediów. W badaniu przyjęto metodę badawczą systematycznego przeglądu literatury ograniczającą m.in. błąd selekcji. Interpretacja głównych nurtów debaty skłania do wniosku, że dezinformacja chatbotów w postaci ich halucynacji jest znacząca pod względem skali, jest optymalizowana i personalizowana oraz ma istotny potencjał erodowania zaufania społecznego.
Handlowo-techniczne bilansowanie energii w obszarach sieci dystrybucyjnej
- Paweł Bućko
2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
W artykule omówiono problemy wywołane przez rosnący udział generacji rozproszonej we współczesnych systemach elektroenergetycznych. Przedstawiono nową koncepcję rozwiązywania zagadnienia bilansowania mocy czynnej w obszarach sieci dystrybucyjnych, opartą o wykorzystanie nowych struktur organizacyjnych takich jak: klastry energii, wydzielone systemy dystrybucyjne, spółdzielnie energetyczne, wirtualne elektrownie i grupy bilansujące.