Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

Ustawienia strony

english
Repozytorium publikacji
Politechniki Gdańskiej

Pokaż publikacje z roku

Ostatnie pozycje

  • Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by Municipal Wasted Activated Sludge: The Case Study of Marineo (ITALY) Wastewater Treatment Plant
    • Antonio Mineo
    • Aleksander Czapla
    • Jakub Drewnowski
    • Giorgio Mannina
    2024 Pełny tekst

    Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polymers with promising applications in various industries. The production of PHAs from sewage sludge represents an innovative and sustainable approach to both waste management and biopolymer synthesis. Sewage sludge, a by-product of wastewater treatment, contains a rich organic carbon source, making it an ideal substrate for producing PHA. This microbial synthesis of PHAs from sewage sludge transforms waste into a valuable resource and mitigates the environmental impact of sludge disposal. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of utilising sewage sludge as a raw material further enhances the economic viability of PHA production. Still, despite the promising developments, the spread of this process needs to be improved by several challenges. The environmental and economic aspects of the process are yet to be proved since the literature has mainly focused on optimising the process at the laboratory scale. In this context, this study presents the preliminary promising results of a PHA production process by sewage sludge. The experiments were carried out at the deviation line built inside the wastewater treatment plant of Marineo, Italy. Direct accumulation was the strategy adopted by controlled pulsate feeding, which was controlled automatically by homemade software. Preliminary results show a consistent PHA production in quantity (22.1 ± 1.5 g PHA/g VSS %) and monomeric composition at low VFA concentration (186.6 ± 13.7 mg COD/L). Future studies will also focus on evaluating direct greenhouse gas emissions in view of assessing the efficiency and environmental impact of the direct PHA accumulation by sewage sludge.

  • Polymer and graphitic carbon nitride based nanohybrids for the photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment – A review
    • Muhammad Rohan Khizer
    • Zohaib Saddique
    • Muhammad Imran
    • Ayesha Javaid
    • Shoomaila Latif
    • Dionissios Mantzavinos
    • Malwina Momotko
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2024 Pełny tekst SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY

    Pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, have been frequently detected in water reservoirs, in concentrations ranging from ng/L to μg/L, owing to their wide use in treatment of human and animal disease. Their uncontrolled use results in their increased release into the environment which is harmful for humans, animals, aquatic life and aquatic system. To remove these pollutants from water bodies, various processes including adsorption, membrane and bioreactors have been employed. Among them photocatalysis is one of the most advantageous treatment. Application of advanced chemical treatment, including advanced oxidation or reduction processes (AOPs or ARPs) based on organic–inorganic nanohybrids (OINHs) as photocatalysts revealed high effectiveness. OINHs are combination of two or more components which are organic and inorganic in nature. These materials have been synthesized by various methods and offers novel features owing to synergistic effect of their component. These materials are synthesized through sol–gel, surface functionalization, one pot synthesis, wrapping, and electrospinning methods. Organic components are essential in enhancing photocatalytic activity through increasing stability, surface area, functionality and light responsiveness of nanohybrid. Reports suggest > 99 % degradation of studied pharmaceuticals by these type of photocatalysts in time range of 30–60 min. High effectiveness was reported for carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, paracetamol, sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline. This review summarizes recent literature on application of OINHs i.e. graphene oxide, g-C3N4, and polymer based nanohybrids, in photocatalytic removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater via AOPs while elaborating on toxicity of pharmaceuticals, synthesis of OINHs and degradation mechanism of pharmaceutical drugs. Besides, current challenges faced in this field as well as future recommendations are discussed.

  • Polymer derived SiOC/Sn nanocomposites from a low-cost single source precursor as anode materials for lithium storage applications
    • Gurdial Blugan
    • Natalia Kovalska
    • Dominik Knozowski
    • Pradeep V.W. Sasikumar
    • Wim J. Malfait
    • Silvia Paz
    • Piotr Madajski
    • Mateusz Leśniewski
    • Mirosław Sawczak
    • Balanand Santhosh
    • Monika Wilamowska-Zawłocka
    • Matthias M. Koebel
    2024 Pełny tekst Journal of Energy Storage

    Metal- based materials capable of lithium (Li) alloy formation are key to realization of the next generation of high-energy density anodes for Li-ion batteries, owing to their high storage capacity. Designing a good sup- porting matrix is essential for homogeneously nesting these metallic nanodomains, to effectively utilize their high capacity while tackling the volume expansion issues. Silicon oxycarbides (SiOC), obtained via a polymer derived approach, have recently gained interest as efficient host matrices. However, the high price and limited availability of the precursors for these ceramics present a challenge for their use at a commercial level. Sn nanoparticles, measuring less than 100 nm in size, are formed in-situ within the amorphous SiOC matrix using an economical single-source precursor. The polymeric precursor was indigenously developed from a novel, low cost vinyl functionalized polysiloxane and tin dioleate as the Sn source. Tin dioleate at different wt%, viz. 33–56 %, was uniformly crosslinked with the Q-T polysiloxane and was pyrolysed at 1000 ◦C in an argon atmosphere to obtain the SiOC/Sn nanocomposites. The electrochemical characterization of SiOC/Sn ceramic nanocomposite anodes exhibit outstanding specific capacities of 650 and 750 mAh g 1 at 372 and 18.6 mA g 1, respectively after 400 charge/discharge cycles.

  • Polymeric porous membranes as solid support and protective material in microextraction processes: A review
    • Lutfi Yahya
    • Marek Tobiszewski
    • Paweł Kubica
    • Stanislawa Koronkiewicz
    • Christina Vakh
    2024 TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

    Polymeric porous membranes have proven to be a versatile and efficient material for microextraction processes. In analytical practice, they are used both as a solid support and as a protective medium for improved sample preparation in various analytical applications. Polymeric porous membranes offer unique advantages in microextraction due to their large surface area and controllable pore size, eliminating interfering effects from complex sample matrices and improving the selectivity of the analysis. This review summarizes key aspects of the application of polymeric porous membranes in liquid- and solid-phase microextraction, addresses challenges and advances of their implementation in the chemical analysis of food, biological and environmental samples. The novel view into the polymeric porous membranes include greenness assessment of the methods used for their synthesis as well as solvents applied during the technological process.

  • Polysaccharide nanocomposites in wastewater treatment: A review
    • Hussein Al-Hazmi
    • Justyna Łuczak
    • Sajjad Habibzadeh
    • Mohamed S. Hasanin
    • Ali Mohammadi
    • Amin Esmaeili
    • Seokjhin Kim
    • Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
    • Navid Rabiee
    • Michael Badawi
    • Mohammad Saeb
    2024 Pełny tekst CHEMOSPHERE

    In modern times, wastewater treatment is vital due to increased water contamination arising from pollutants such as nutrients, pathogens, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical residues. Polysaccharides (PSAs) are natural, renewable, and non-toxic biopolymers used in wastewater treatment in the field of gas separation, liquid filtration, adsorption processes, pervaporation, and proton exchange membranes. Since addition of nanoparticles to PSAs improves their sustainability and strength, nanocomposite PSAs has gained significant attention for wastewater treatment in the past decade. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of PSA-based nanocomposites used for efficient wastewater treatment, focusing on adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane-based methods. It also discusses potential future applications, challenges, and opportunities in adsorption, filtration, and photocatalysis. Recently, PSAs have shown promise as adsorbents in biological-based systems, effectively removing heavy metals that could hinder microbial activity. Cellulose-mediated adsorbents have successfully removed various pollutants from wastewater, including heavy metals, dyes, oil, organic solvents, pesticides, and pharmaceutical residues. Thus, PSA nanocomposites would support biological processes in wastewater treatment plants. A major concern is the discharge of antibiotic wastes from pharmaceutical industries, posing significant environmental and health risks. PSA-mediated bio-adsorbents, like clay polymeric nanocomposite hydrogel beads, efficiently remove antibiotics from wastewater, ensuring water quality and ecosystem balance. The successful use of PSA-mediated bio-adsorbents in wastewater treatment depends on ongoing research to optimize their application and evaluate their potential environmental impacts. Implementing these eco-friendly adsorbents on a large scale holds great promise in significantly reducing water pollution, safeguarding ecosystems, and protecting human health.

  • Polyurethane Glycerolysate as a Modifier of the Properties of Natural Rubber Mixtures and Vulcanizates
    • Marcin Włoch
    • Maksymilian Toruńczak
    • Janusz Datta
    2024 Pełny tekst Materials

    Chemical recycling of polyurethanes can be realized in several different ways, but the most important methods are glycolysis and glycerolysis. Both methods permit recovery of polyols (when the process is realized with the mass excess of depolymerizing agent) or substitutes of polyols, which contain urethane moieties in the main chains and terminate mainly in hydroxyl groups (when the process is realized with the mass excess of depolymerized polyurethane). Oligomeric products with urethane groups in the chemical structure can also be used as modifiers of rubber mixtures and vulcanizates. The main aim of the presented work is to study the effect of polyurethane glycerolysate on the performance of natural rubber mixtures and vulcanizates. The influence of the modifier on the vulcanization kinetics and swelling of rubber mixtures, and the thermo-mechanical and mechanical properties of rubber vulcanizates, was studied. The prepared materials were also subjected to accelerated thermal aging in air. It was found that polyurethane glycerolysate affects the vulcanization process of rubber mixtures (for example, promotes the activation of vulcanization) and acts as an antidegradant under thermoxidative conditions (higher stability of mechanical properties was observed in comparison to a reference sample without modifier). The obtained results show that chemical recycling products can be valuable modifiers of natural rubber mixtures and vulcanizates, which extends the possible applications of polyurethane chemical recycling products.

  • Polyurethane Nanocomposites with Open-Cell Structure Modified with Aluminosilicate Nano-Filler
    • Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska
    • Marcin Borowicz
    • Janusz Datta
    • Łukasz Piszczyk
    • Paulina Kosmela
    • Iwona Zarzyka
    2024 Materials

    Nanocomposite flexible polyurethane foams (nFPUfs) were obtained by modifying the polyurethane formulation by adding a halloysite nano-filler in the amount of one to five parts by weight per hundred parts of used polyol (php). Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams with an open-cell structure and with a beneficial SAG factor were obtained. Premixes with nano-filler had a lower reactivity than the reference PU system. This favored the production of smaller cells, but with a more rounded shape in comparison with the REF foam without the nano-filler. During the study, the morphology and physical and mechanical properties were characterized, including apparent density, compressive stress, rebound flexibility, SAG factor, closed-cell content, and thermal stability, and compared with the properties of the unmodified reference foam. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the cell structures of all prepared foams were open, and the cell size decreased with increasing nano-filler content. Apparent densities, SAG factors and rebound flexibilities of the foams increased with the increase of nano-filler content, while the resistance to permanent deformation showed the opposite trend. The proper selection of raw materials and optimally developed polyurethane formulations allow for obtaining environmentally friendly foams with favorable functional properties, taking into account price and the needs of sustainable development in the synthesis of flexible foams dedicated to the upholstery industry.

  • Polyurethane-based aerogels: Preparation, properties, and applications
    • Marcin Włoch
    2024

    Polyurethane aerogels (PUAs) are interesting materials because of their high porosity, low density, and low thermal conductivity, which result in their application as thermal insulations. PUAs are mainly synthesized using di- and polyisocyanates, diols or polyols, catalysts (tertiary amines and organometallic), and solvents (which are used as reaction medium, purifying of obtained semiproducts). Preparation procedure involves several steps, which permit to perform the transformation: sol → wet gel → aerogel. The final step of aerogels formation is mostly realized by drying using supercritical carbon dioxide. Obtained aerogels are characterized in the terms of their chemical structure, microstructure, physical and mechanical properties. The main aim of presented work was to review preparation, properties and applications of polyurethane-based aerogels.

  • POMERANIAN LANDSCAPES OF MODERNIST ZASPA. CONCEPTS OF REVITALISATION OF THE HOUSING ESTATE
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2024 Pełny tekst Journal of Geography, Politics and Society

    Zaspa is a neighbourhood in Gdansk with a long locational history and numerous build-ups. It is situated in a complex landscape between the coastal strip and moraine hills. The housing estates built here in the 1970s followed the postulates of modernist urbanism, ignoring the topographical and natural specifics and the regional heritage. The result was an ergonomic but anonymous space with many current strengths and still apparent deficiencies. As part of the student projects, the topic of revitalising a housing estate was undertaken, especially as it is a global problem. Thus, the working methods can be evaluated and the advantages of these methods adaptable to further case studies can be presented. The article reports on two cycles of a course conducted at the Faculty of Architecture, Gdansk University of Technology. The objectives of the work, the methods and the results are presented with reference to the scale of the global planetary crisis.

  • Pomiar parametrów czasowych wybranych mikrosystemów operacyjnych czasu rzeczywistego
    • Grzegorz Lentka
    • Dariusz Palmowski
    • Maciej Brzeski
    2024 Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    W artykule przedstawiono porównanie czterech mikrosystemów operacyjnych czasu rzeczywistego: FreeRTOS, μC/OSIII, Nuttx i Zephyr Project pod kątem wybranych parametrów czasowych dla czterech platform uruchomieniowych opartych na mikrokontrolerach STMicroelectronics: NUCLEOL073RZ, NUCLEOF103RB, NUCLEOF411CE i NUCLEOH743ZI. Opracowana metoda pomiaru i zaproponowane scenariusze testowe umożliwiają ocenę parametrów czasowych mikrosystemów operacyjnych czasu rzeczywistego

  • Pomiar satysfakcji interesariuszy w doskonaleniu systemów zarządzania jakością uczelni technicznych w Polsce
    • Jan Szefler
    2024 Pełny tekst

    Niniejsza praca przyczynia się do rozwoju nauk o zarządzaniu i jakości dzięki syntezie teorii zarządzania jakością oraz teorii interesariuszy. Przedmiotem pracy jest zarządzanie jakością, a podmiotem badań polskie publiczne uczelnie techniczne. Kontekst specyfiki organizacji, jakimi są uniwersytety, pozwolił na opracowanie i zaproponowanie narzędzi, których stosowanie będzie praktycznym przejawem interesariuszocentryzmu w zarządzaniu organizacją. Uczelnie poprzez złożoność relacji pomiędzy wieloma grupami osób z nimi związanych, o często rozbieżnych interesach, są szczególnie trudnym środowiskiem do wdrażania nowoczesnych, dojrzałych systemów zarządzania jakością, co potwierdzają wyniki przeprowadzonych badań literatury. Ponieważ u podstaw współczesnych koncepcji zarządzania jakością znajduje się idea klientocentryzmu, to, gdy nie można jednoznacznie określić klienta, podstawowe cele działań projakościowych stają się mało klarowne. Współcześnie w odniesieniu do uczelni powszechnie zastępuje się pojęcie klienta pojęciem interesariuszy. Autor proponuje więc, by u podstaw wszelkich działań doskonalących stała analiza interesariuszy oraz wyniki pomiaru satysfakcji interesariuszy.

  • Pomiarowa weryfikacja efektywności pracy asynchronicznej metody jednoczesnej estymacji położenia i orientacji obiektu
    • Jarosław Sadowski
    • Olga Błaszkiewicz
    • Krzysztof Cwalina
    • Alicja Olejniczak
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    • Jacek Stefański
    2024 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

    W referacie opisano wyniki pomiarowej weryfikacji efektywności pracy asynchronicznej metody lokalizowania obiektu na płaszczyźnie za pomocą sygnałów lokalizacyjnych wysyłanych jednocześnie z dwóch nadajników umieszczonych na tym obiekcie w znanej odległości od siebie.

  • Poprawa jakości klasyfikacji głębokich sieci neuronowych poprzez optymalizację ich struktury i dwuetapowy proces uczenia
    • Arkadiusz Kwasigroch
    2024 Pełny tekst

    W pracy doktorskiej podjęto problem realizacji algorytmów głębokiego uczenia w warunkach deficytu danych uczących. Głównym celem było opracowanie podejścia optymalizującego strukturę sieci neuronowej oraz zastosowanie uczeniu dwuetapowym, w celu uzyskania mniejszych struktur, zachowując przy tym dokładności. Proponowane rozwiązania poddano testom na zadaniu klasyfikacji znamion skórnych na znamiona złośliwe i łagodne. W pierwszym etapie badań dokonano analizy wpływu elementów architektury oraz metod uczenia na wyniki. Następnie, w oparciu o uzyskane wyniki, zaproponowano system automatycznego doboru struktury sieci neuronowej oparty o algorytmy ewolucyjne i modyfikacje sieci zachowujące funkcję. Zastosowanie algorytmu umożliwiło redukcję liczby parametrów o 98%, w porównaniu do popularnych sieci VGG. Kolejnym etapem badań była analiza metodami wstępnego uczenia. Przeprowadzono analizę zastosowania wstępnego uczenia w sposób samonadzorowany oraz w sposób nadzorowany. W badaniach wykazano, że połączenie tych metod przynosi lepsze wyniki niż zastosowanie tylko wstępnego uczenia w sposób nadzorowany. Ostatnim etapem badań była integracja metod doboru struktury z metodami wstępnego uczenia. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że odpowiedni dobór struktury i metody uczenia mają istotny wpływ na dokładność i efektywność modeli.

  • Porównanie działania transformatora symetryzującego (zygzak) z aktywnym energoelektronicznym symetryzatorem prądów fazowych linii niskiego napięcia
    • Marek Adamowicz
    • Zbigniew Krzemiński
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Na potrzeby planowania sieci niskiego napięcia operatorzy systemów dystrybucyjnych (OSD) zakładają symetryczne warunki obciążenia linii. Z roku na rok, rośnie liczba rozproszonych systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV) zainstalowanych w sieciach niskiego napięcia, których większość to małe jednofazowe systemy dachowe. Dodatkowo, do niesymetrii obciążenia przyczyniają się instalowane masowo pompy ciepła i ładowane jednofazowo samochody elektryczne. Ze wzrostem liczby odbiorów jednofazowych i jednofazowej generacji rozproszonej rosną problemy OSD z zapewnieniem jakości napięcia. Symetryzacja obciążeń jest możliwa z wykorzystaniem dedykowanych urządzeń: transformatorów symetryzujących (zygzak) oraz aktywnych urządzeń energoelektronicznych. W artykule porównano działanie transformatora o uzwojeniach połączonych w zygzak oraz aktywnego symetryzatora energoelektronicznego dla różnych przypadków asymetrii obciążenia w linii nN.

  • Potencjał wdrożenia rozwiązania DSM dla gospodarstw domowych w Polsce
    • Wiktoria Stahl
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Poniższy artykuł prezentuje potencjał realizacji rozwiązania DSM dla odbiorców końcowych jakimi są gospodarstwa domowe. W ramach analizy przeprowadzono proces ankietyzacji oraz przygotowano model ekonometryczny, uwzględniający czynniki wpływające na ilość zaoszczędzonej energii przez gospodarstwa domowe w ramach realizacji rozwiązania DSM. Przeprowadzono także symulację Monte Carlo w celu zaprognozowania potencjalnych efektów realizacji DSM w analizowanym przypadku.

  • Potential of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Advancing Renewable Energy: Challenges and Prospects
    • Van Nhanh Nguyen Nhanh Van
    • Wiesław Tarełko
    • Sharma Prabhakar
    • Ahmed Shabana El-Shafay
    • Wei-Hsin Chen
    • Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen
    • Nguyen Xuan Phuong
    • Tuan Anh Nguyen
    2024 ENERGY & FUELS

    Modern machine learning (ML) techniques are making inroads in every aspect of renewable energy for optimizationand model prediction. The effective utilization of ML techniques for the development and scaling up of renewable energy systemsneeds a high degree of accountability. However, most of the ML approaches currently in use are termed black box since their work isdifficult to comprehend. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an attractive option to solve the issue of poor interoperability inblack-box methods. This review investigates the relationship between renewable energy (RE) and XAI. It emphasizes the potentialadvantages of XAI in improving the performance and efficacy of RE systems. It is realized that although the integration of XAI withRE has enormous potential to alter how energy is produced and consumed, possible hazards and barriers remain to be overcome,particularly concerning transparency, accountability, and fairness. Thus, extensive research is required to address the societal andethical implications of using XAI in RE and to create standardized data sets and evaluation metrics. In summary, this paper shows thepotential, perspectives, opportunities, and challenges of XAI application to RE system management and operation aiming to targetthe efficient energy-use goals for a more sustainable and trustworthy future.

  • Potyczki algorytmiczne, czyli Alicja i Bogdan w nowych sytuacjach
    • Marek Kubale
    • Joanna Raczek
    2024 Pełny tekst Pismo PG

    W kolejnym odcinku serii z Alicją i Bogdanem najpierw ilustrujemy problem dominowania w grafach (kratowych): klasyczny i rzymski. Następnie ilustrujemy znany fakt, że zachłanność nie zawsze się opłaca. Pokażemy mianowicie, że algorytmy zachłanne nie gwarantują uzyskania rozwiązania optymalnego, nawet wówczas gdy problem da się rozwiązać w czasie wielomianowym.

  • Potyczki algorytmiczne, czyli Alicja i Bogdan w nowych sytuacjach. 6. Alicja i Bogdan na działce
    • Marek Kubale
    • Joanna Raczek
    2024 Pismo PG

    Esej ilustruje dwa problemy optymalizacyjne. Pierwszy to dominowanie w grafach (kratowych): klasyczne i rzymskie. Drugi problem to pokrycie wierzchołkowe w grafach 2-dzielnych. W szczególności pokazujemy, że algorytmy zachłanne nie gwarantują uzyskania rozwiązania optymalnego, nawet wówczas gdy problem da się rozwiązać w czasie wielomianowym.

  • Potyczki algorytmiczne, czyli Alicja i Bogdan w nowych sytuacjach. 7. Alicja i Bogdan na wczasach
    • Marek Kubale
    2024 Pismo PG

    W eseju zilustrowano dwa pojęcia. Pierwsze to algorytm online. Drugie to przeszukiwanie wykładnicze w nieznanych przestrzeniach.

  • Potyczki algorytmiczne, czyli Alicja i Bogdan w nowych sytuacjach. 8. Alicja i Bogdan zostają deweloperami
    • Marek Kubale
    2024 Pismo PG

    W eseju zilustrowano 2 problemy optymalizacyjne. Pierwszy to tzw. drzewo Steinera na płaszczyźnie. Drugi to tzw. Art Galery Problem.

  • Potyczki algorytmiczne, czyli Alicja i Bogdan w nowych sytuacjach. 9. Bogdan w więzieniu
    • Marek Kubale
    2024 Pismo PG

    Jest to ostatni esej w serii Potyczki algorytmiczne. Poświęcony jest on pewnym problemom kombinatorycznym związanym z logiką i teorią grup.

  • Power Consumption Optimization in 5G/6G mmWave Networks with User Multi-Connectivity
    • Abdulhalim Fayad
    • Tibor Cinkler
    2024

    In the fifth generation (5G) and the upcoming sixth generation (6G) millimeter wave (mmWave) networks, the recent emerging ultra-reliable low-latency (URLLC) applications such as telemedicine and self-driven vehicles require strict availability and reliability requirements. Using user multi-connectivity (i.e., connecting each user to multiple base stations (BSs) simultaneously) has emerged as an efficient solution for providing such high-availability requirements. However, this approach results in higher power consumption over the network, driven by the need to activate larger numbers of BSs. In this paper, we focus on optimizing the power consumption in 5G and beyond mmWave networks, considering four user connectivity levels: quadruple, triple, dual, and single. We propose an adaptable multi-objective integer linear program (ILP) that considers BSs switching on-off and user-multi-connectivity strategies. We compare the network power consumption, the number of switched-off BSs, and the energy efficiency of the four levels of connectivity. The numerical results show that our optimization results in power consumption reduction of 62.6%, 55%, 52.76%, and 52.05% when considering single, dual, triple, and quadruple connectivities, respectively. Moreover, quadruple, triple, and dual connectivity result in more power consumption and less energy efficiency than single connectivity, highlighting the importance of the trade-off between the level of connectivity and the network power consumption. Additionally, the Quadruple connectivity demands 1.5%, 6.8%, and 28.16% more power consumption compared to triple, dual, and single connectivity, respectively.

  • Power control system structure of doubly‐fed induction generator connected to current source converter
    • Marcin Morawiec
    • Krzysztof Blecharz
    • Roland Ryndzionek
    • Andrzej Jąderko
    • Deepak Vyas
    2024 IET Renewable Power Generation

    The power control system structures for a doubly-fed generator (DFIG) are proposed. The classical field oriented control and the feedback control with the multi-scalar variables were considered. The generator is working in the AC grid connection mode. The rotor side of the generator is connected to the current source converter (CSC); the stator is directly related to the AC grid. The static feedback linearization using the multi-scalar variables of DFIG is proposed to increase active and reactive power control accuracy. The proposed control structure allows to linearize the generator system, and decoupled between the control paths. The proposed approach can be called voltage control because one of the control variables is the voltage in the DC-link of the CSC. The simulation and experimental investigations in the 2 kW DFIG system consider the AC grid voltage dips, confirming that the proposed control system remains stable.

  • Powering the Future by Iron Sulfide Type Material (FexSy) Based Electrochemical Materials for Water Splitting and Energy Storage Applications: A Review
    • Ahmad Farhan
    • Wajeeha Qayyum
    • Urooj Fatima
    • Shahid Nawaz
    • Aldona Balčiūnaitė
    • Tak H. Kim
    • Varsha Srivastava
    • John Vakros
    • Zacharias Frontistis
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2024 Pełny tekst SMALL

    Water electrolysis is among the recent alternatives for generating clean fuels (hydrogen). It is an efficient way to produce pure hydrogen at a rapid pace with no unwanted by-products. Effective and cheap water-splitting electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, specificity, and stability are currently widely studied. In this regard, noble metal-free transition metal-based catalysts are of high interest. Iron sulfide (FeS) is one of the essential electrocatalysts for water splitting because of its unique structural and electrochemical features. This article discusses the significance of FeS and its nanocomposites as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and overall water splitting. FeS and its nanocomposites have been studied also for energy storage in the form of electrode materials in supercapacitors and lithium- (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The structural and electrochemical characteristics of FeS and its nanocomposites, as well as the synthesis processes, are discussed in this work. This discussion correlates these features with the requirements for electrocatalysts in overall water splitting and its associated reactions. As a result, this study provides a road map for researchers seeking economically viable, environmentally friendly, and efficient electrochemical materials in the fields of green energy production and storage.

  • Powłoki na osnowie pierwiastkowego węgla przeznaczone na implanty tytanowe
    • Dorota Rogala-Wielgus
    2024 Pełny tekst

    Rozprawa miała na celu modyfikację podłoża z tytanu II oraz stopu Ti13Nb13Zr poprzez osadzenie elektroforetyczne (EPD) powłok na bazie wielościennych nanorurek węglowych (MWCNTs) z dodatkami wielkości nanometrycznej, przeznaczonych na pokrycia trzpieni endoprotez stawu biodrowego. Przygotowano trzy rodzaje powłok MWCNTs: z dodatkiem nanomiedzi (MWCNTs/Cu), nanosrebra (MWCNTs/Ag) oraz tlenku tytanu (MWCNTs/TiO2), osadzone w procesie dwuetapowym, składającym się z I. EPD powłoki MWCNTs oraz II. EPD powłoki z dodatku. Zarówno MWCNTs, jak i zastosowane dodatki, charakteryzują się działaniem antybakteryjnym na bakterie najczęściej będące sprawcą zakażeń w obrębie endoprotez. Wytworzenie kompozytowej powłoki, składającej się z elastycznej matrycy w postaci nanorurek węglowych, o unikalnych właściwościach oraz wzmocnienia z twardych cząstek tlenku tytanu, miało nie tylko zapewniać właściwości antybakteryjne, ale również modyfikować właściwości podłoża, w kierunku zbliżenia do właściwości ludzkiej kości korowej. Aby ocenić właściwości otrzymanych powłok na bazie MWCNTs dla każdej wykonano SEM, EDS, AFM, spektroskopię Raman’a (na podłożu Ti13Nb13Zr), badanie nanoindentacji, test nanozarysowania (z ang. nano-scratch test), badanie zwilżalności (na podłożu Ti13Nb13Zr) oraz przeprowadzono testy korozyjne (na podłożu Ti13Nb13Zr). W przypadku powłoki MWCNTs/TiO2 osadzonej na podłożu ze stopu Ti13Nb13Zr dodatkowo dokonano oceny cytotoksyczności w teście MTT dla komórek ludzkich fibroblastów (HDF) oraz mysich prekursorów osteoblastów (MC3T3), które potwierdzono w teście dehydrogenazy mleczanowej (LDH).

  • Prace remontowe betonowych posadzek przemysłowych. Część I
    • Sylwia Świątek-Żołyńska
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Budowlany

    Posadzki betonowe należą do elementów w obiektach budowlanych, których projektowanie wymaga doświadczenia inżynierskiego, wykonawstwo – zachowania reżimu technologicznego, natomiast podczas ich eksploatacji niezbędne jest prowadzenie remontów okresowych. Najczęściej wykorzystywane są jako przestrzeń robocza i komunikacyjna w obiektach przemysłowych. Niezależnie od miejsca wbudowania posadzki betonowe wymagają prowadzenia okresowych prac zabezpieczających, których zakres każdorazowo powinien być indywidualnie dostosowany do aktualnego bądź też planowanego do zmiany sposobu użytkowania obiektu. Niewłaściwy dobór technologii prac konserwacyjnych oraz niepoprawne stosowanie rozwiązań technologicznych związanych z renowacją posadzek mogą spowodować pogorszenie ich stanu technicznego, co może doprowadzić do konieczności ich wyłączenia z użytkowania, a to z kolei może skutkować koniecznością przerwy w użytkowaniu obiektu budowlanego, w tym obiektów produkcyjnych obiektów przemysłowych. W pracy przedstawiono zbiór praktycznych informacji związanych z prowadzeniem prac naprawczych betonowych posadzek przemysłowych. Artykuł ma charakter studium przypadku i odnosi się do konkretnych sytuacji związanych z utratą sprawności technicznej przez betonowe posadzki przemysłowe

  • Practical Trial for Low-Energy Effective Jamming on Private Networks With 5G-NR and NB-IoT Radio Interfaces
    • Paweł Skokowski
    • Krzysztof Malon
    • Michał Kryk
    • Krzysztof Maślanka
    • Jan M. Kelner
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    • Jarosław Magiera
    2024 IEEE Access

    Fourth-generation (4G) mobile networks are successively replaced by fifth-generation (5G) ones, based on the new releases of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard. 5G generation is dedicated to civilian users and the conducted analytical work shows that it has numerous technological gaps that prevent its direct implementation in military communications systems. However, the recent armed world conflicts showed that closed or public mobile networks are willingly used by soldiers for both private and business communications, and to conduct defensive and offensive operations as well. From the military operation viewpoint, jamming both civil and military systems is one of the essential elements of electronic warfare. This paper focuses on the practical trial of low-energy and smart jamming on a 5G private network using narrowband signals, which facilitates the reduction of the available throughput, e.g. in the time division duplex - uplink (TDD-UL) by 99%, or by 82% in the frequency division duplex - downlink (FDD-DL). This type of jamming also allows for reaching up to 25 dB of energy gain comparing to barrage jamming. The authors moreover investigated jamming the Narrowband IoT radio interface using synchronized, selective jamming. The goal was to propose energy efficient methods that will allow the jammers to work longer and be mounted on a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that can operate near the gNB. The generation of low-power jamming signals in the gNB vicinity successfully hinders detecting the jammer by the enemy’s electronic reconnaissance systems. The proposed solutions are compared with the test results for other types of jamming methods.

  • Praktyka wykonywania pomiarów instalacji fotowoltaicznych prowadząca do określenia rzeczywistego stanu technicznego
    • Leszek Litzbarski
    • Marek Olesz
    • Konrad Seklecki
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Praca przedstawia zasady wykonywania pomiarów instalacji fotowoltaicznych wg normy PN-EN 62446-1. Proponowany w normie zakres podstawowy pozwala tylko na ocenę bezpieczeństwa pracy instalacji. Dopiero zakres dodatkowy umożliwia uzyskanie informacji o referencyjnych mocach zainstalowanej elektrowni, jej sprawności, a nawet jednorodności poszczególnych ogniw fotowoltaicznych. Załączone przykłady pomiarów czystych i zabrudzonych paneli wskazują na korzyści monitorowania stanu technicznego instalacji podczas ich eksploatacji.

  • Prediction of the fatigue lifetime of PUR structural elements using a combined experimental-numerical approach
    • Grzegorz Lesiuk
    • Krzysztof Junik
    • Szymon Duda
    • Tomasz Socha
    • Krzysztof Kula
    • Arkadiusz Denisiewicz
    • Daniel Medyński
    • Wojciech Macek
    • José A.F.O. Correia
    2024 Pełny tekst Structures

    This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life of polyurethane elastomeric components. A rubber replacement - polyurethane of hardness 80ShA commonly used in vibration damping systems, for example, in motor vehicle suspensions, was used for the study. A metal-rubber bushing component was selected for analysis, and numerical analysis was carried out along with a fatigue model proposal based on a modification of the WangBrown model. The results obtained indicate that the description of the durability process using the proposed relationship is also possible. A constitutive model based on Ogden’s hyperelastic model was identified and verified. The proposed methodology can be used in any part analysis based on the numerical model and fatigue data. The paper also evaluates the effectiveness of other models against the proposed relationship.

  • Preeclampsia Risk Prediction Using Machine Learning Methods Trained on Synthetic Data
    • Magdalena Mazur-Milecka
    • Natalia Kowalczyk
    • Kinga Jaguszewska
    • Dorota Zamkowska
    • Dariusz Wójcik
    • Krzysztof Preis
    • Henriette Skov
    • Stefan Rahr Wagner
    • Puk Sandager
    • Milena Sobotka
    • Jacek Rumiński
    2024

    This paper describes a research study that investigates the use of machine learning algorithms on synthetic data to classify the risk of developing preeclampsia by pregnant women. Synthetic datasets were generated based on parameter distributions from three real patient studies. Four models were compared: XGBoost, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Explainable Boosting Machines (EBM). The study found that the XGBoost and EBM consistently outperform the other models. An analysis of patient subsets based on their pregnancy history was also conducted, revealing that the group of patients in their first pregnancy achieved the highest prediction accuracy. Additionally, the study explored the efficacy of risk prediction based on various parameters and found that the results vary depending on the models used and the degree of class balance in the database. Finally, an additional test was performed on the dataset annotated by physicians.

  • PRE-FAILURE CONDITION AND THE METHOD OF REPAIRING GLUED TIMBER ROOF BEARS
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    2024

    Design documentation of glued-laminated timber roof girders is in many cases very general, does not contain details and design solutions, and the contractors do not have experience in the implementation of this type of structure. Design and execution errors, including those related to glued laminated timber roof girders, not only affect the safety and durability of the structure of the facility in which they were built in, but also affect the safety of its use. The aim of the article is to present the impact of the design and execution errors which cumulated after a short period of operation of the sports hall led to its exclusion from use. The article also presents the implemented method of strengthening the roof girders in question.

  • Prehabilitation approaches for gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a narrative review
    • Sergii Girnyi
    • Luigi Marano
    • Jaroslaw Skokowski
    • Piotr Mocarski
    • Witold Kycler
    • Gaetano Gallo
    • Agnieszka Dyzmann-Sroka
    • Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Tomasz Banasiewicz
    • Karol Polom
    2024 Pełny tekst Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy

    Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients undergoing surgery are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition, which can significantly impact surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation interventions encompassing nutritional, physical, and psychosocial support have gained attention for their potential to mitigate these risks. However, the efficacy of multidisciplinary prehabilitation programs in this context remains underexplored. This narrative review synthesizes existing literature to evaluate the effectiveness of prehabilitation interventions in improving outcomes for GI cancer patients undergoing surgery. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of available evidence, the review examines the integration of nutritional, physical, and psychosocial interventions and explores the implications for clinical practice and future research. The review highlights the importance of standardized protocols and interdisciplinary collaboration in optimizing prehabilitation programs for GI cancer patients. It identifies gaps in current research, particularly regarding the synergistic effects of integrating various intervention modalities and the role of innovative strategies such as immunonutrition. Moreover, the review underscores the need for larger studies to assess the ef-fectiveness of multimodal prehabilitation approaches and establish standardized outcome measures. In conclusion, despite advancements in understanding the importance of prehabilitation, significant gaps persist in the lit-erature, warranting further research to refine prehabilitation protocols and improve perioperative outcomes for GI cancer patients. By addressing these research gaps and fostering interdisciplinary partnerships, future studies have the potential to enhance the effectiveness of prehabilitation interventions and optimize perioperative care in this population.

  • Pre-oxidation of porous ferritic Fe22Cr alloys for lifespan extension at high-temperature
    • Damian Koszelow
    • Małgorzata Makowska
    • F. Marone
    • Grzegorz Cempura
    • Matthieu Tomas
    • Jan Froitzheim
    • Sebastian Molin
    2024 Pełny tekst CORROSION SCIENCE

    Pre-oxidation of porous ferritic Fe22Cr alloys was extensively studied in this paper. Weight gain measurements and SEM analysis revealed that pre-oxidation performed at 900◦C for 40 min increased the lifespan of the alloy. A Cr evaporation study did not disclose any significant influence of the pre-oxidation process on the Cr content in the alloy. For a more detailed assessment, TEM imaging and X-ray tomography measurements of pre-oxidized samples were performed. These analyses showed that alteration in the grain and grain boundary diffusion fluxes might be the key for explaining the corrosion prevention role of pre-oxidation.

  • Preparation and characterization of bis‐phosphonated polycarbohydrates
    • Kamila Sadowska
    • Marta Prześniak-Welenc
    • Marcin Łapiński
    2024 BIOPOLYMERS

    A simple, cost-effective, one-pot method was proposed to introduce bis-phosphonic groups onto alginic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). New derivatives were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These analyses confirmed the successful transformation of carboxylic groups present in alginic acid and CMC into bis-phosphonic groups. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry was employed to investigate the thermal properties of the bis-phosphonic derivatives of alginate and CMC. The results clearly demonstrate the char-forming ability of both studied bis-phosphonated polycarbohydrates, suggesting their potential as intumescent materials.

  • Preparation and properties of composite coatings, based on carbon nanotubes, for medical applications
    • Dorota Rogala-Wielgus
    • Andrzej Zieliński
    2024 Carbon Letters

    The coatings based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly developed for their applications, among others, in medicine, in particular for implants in implantology, cardiology, and neurology. The present review paper aims at a detailed demonstration of diferent preparation methods for such coatings, their performance, and relationships between deposition parameters and microstructure and material, mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological properties. The thermal and electrostatic spraying, electrophoretic and electrocathodic deposition, and laser methods are presented. Characterization of microstructure of coatings, topography, morphology, adhesion of CNTs to a substrate, mechanical behavior, corrosion resistance, wettability, cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and antibacterial protection are reviewed for diferent deposition methods and parameters. The state-of-the-art in the feld of carbon nanotubes shows a considerable number of research performed on CNTs coatings. The diferent forms of CNTs, deposition methods, parameters, and substrates were applied as process variables. The microstructures and surface homogeneity, chemical and phase compositions, mechanical properties at the micro- and nanoscale such as coating Young`s modulus and hardness, interface adhesion strength and delaminating force, open corrosion potential and corrosion current density, contact angle in wettability assessment, and bioactivity, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial efciency among biological properties were determined. The summary of so far achievements, strengths and weaknesses, and important future research necessary for clarifcation of some weak points, development of non-toxic, mechanically and chemically resistant, bioactive, and antibacterial multicomponent coatings based on functionalized CNTs are proposed.

  • Preparation of MnCo2O4 and Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 single-layer, and novel MnCo2O4/ Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 dual-layer spinel protective coatings on complex-shaped metallic interconnects by EPD method
    • Omid Ekhlasiosgouei
    • Maciej Bik
    • Sebastian Molin
    2024 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY

    Ceramic protective coatings applied to metallic interconnects play a vital role in solid oxide cells (SOCs) preventing interconnect degradation. In this study, uniform, dense, and crack-free single-layer coatings of MnCo2O4, Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4, and dual-layer coatings of MnCo2O4/ Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 spinel are deposited onto complex-shaped metallic interconnect using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The porosity of sintered MnCo2O4 and Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 coatings in reduction treatment (1000°C for 2h in H2), followed by subsequent oxidation treatment (900°C for 2h in air) is approximately 50% less than that of these coatings sintered in oxidation treatment (900°C for 4h in air). The results indicate that the thickness of the sintered MnCo2O4, Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 single-layer, and MnCo2O4/ Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 dual-layer coatings in reduction + oxidation treatments is 46.2%, 28.2%, and 23.1% denser, respectively, compared to sintered in oxidation treatment. Raman spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that in sintered dual-layer coatings subjected to reduction treatment followed by a subsequent oxidation treatment, exhibit a much more efficient interdiffusion processes throughout the thickness of the coating yielding the formation of a mixed (Mn, Cu, Fe, Co)3O4 spinel, comparing to dual-layer coatings undergoing only oxidation treatment. The dual-layer spinel coatings of MnCo2O4/ Mn1.7CuFe0.3O4 present promising candidate for protective coatings on metallic interconnects.

  • Pre-treatment of bio fraction waste prior to fermentation processes
    • Karolina Kucharska
    • Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
    • Edyta Słupek
    • Jacek Gębicki
    2024 Pełny tekst Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

    Current efforts are taken to increase resource efficiency, close material loops, and improve sustainable waste and by-products management. Thus, networking agro-food by-products and converting them into valuable products completely exhausting the potential of the raw material becomes significant. Model lignocellulosic and starch based biomass were subjected to pre-treatment with the application of acidic compounds, i.e. sulphuric (SA) and acetic (AA) acids. The response, i.e. total sugar content and derivative content was investigated depending on variables changed during hydrolysis: concentration of acid, process duration, temperature and the size of biomass particles. After saccharification, the hydrolysates were analysed via HPLC. Total reducing sugar concentration was in the range of 0.1–15.53 g/L. Among the substances present in the hydrolysates, protein, peptides, hydroxybenzyl acid (HA), 5-HMF, furfural (FF), vanillin (V), vanillic acid (VA), formic acid (FA) and levulinic acid (LA) were found in the range of 0.44–9.05 g/L and determined as total derivative concentration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the measurable effects of the research and deliver information about the statistically important parameters for the process course and relations between the variables

  • Price bubbles and Co-bubbles in the green economy market
    • Marcin Potrykus
    • Imran Ramzan
    • Muhammad Mazhar
    • Elie Bouri
    2024 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

    In light of growing concerns about climate change and environmental issues, investor interest has surged in the new green economy market. However, the existing literature is limited regarding potential price bubble and co-bubble within this new domain. This study examines price bubble and co-bubble in the new green economy market, covering 31 indexes classified into three groups: the green economy market and its components, geographical regions, and sectors. Using daily data from August 31, 2005, to May 31, 2024, a test procedure is first applied to detect periods of price bubble in the various indexes, then logistic regressions are employed to examine price co-bubble behaviours. The results show evidence of price bubble in the green economy market, particularly in solar and wind indexes, with peaks during the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict, whereas the water index is the least prone to price bubble. Regarding geographical region, the USA market exhibits a higher tendency for price bubble than the Asian or European markets. Several sectors are resistant to price bubble. The co-bubble analysis reveals a strong reliance of wind index on price bubble in the solar and water indexes. Price bubble in Asia significantly influences price bubble in Europe and the USA. These findings have implications for investment portfolio management and risk management strategies in the new green economy market.

  • Prioritising national healthcare service issues from free text feedback – A computational text analysis & predictive modelling approach
    • Adegboyega Ojo
    • Nina Rizun
    • Grace Walsh
    • Mona Isazad Mashinchi
    • Maria Venosa
    • Manohar Narayana Rao
    2024 Pełny tekst DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS

    Patient experience surveys have become a key source of evidence for supporting decision-making and continuous quality improvement within healthcare services. To harness free-text feedback collected as part of these surveys for additional insights, text analytics methods are increasingly employed when the data collected is not amenable to traditional qualitative analysis due to volume. However, while text analytics techniques offer good predictive capabilities, they have limited explanatory features often required in formal decision-making contexts, such as programme monitoring or evaluation. To overcome these limitations, this study integrates computational text and predictive modelling as part of a Computational Grounded Theory method to determine the effect of quality gaps in care dimensions and their prioritisation from free-text feedback. The feedback was collected as part of a national survey to support decisions on continuous improvement in Maternity Services in Ireland. Our approach enables (1) operationalising the service quality lexicon in the context of maternity care to explain the effect of quality gaps in care dimensions on overall satisfaction from free-text comments; and (2) extending the service quality lexicon with two organisational and political decision-making concepts: “Salience” and “Valence”, for prioritising perceived quality gaps. These methodological affordances enable the extension of service quality theory to explicitly support the prioritisation of improvement decisions which before now required additional decision frameworks. Results show that tangibles-, process-, and reliability-related care issues have the highest importance in our study context. We also find that hospital contexts partly determine the relative importance of gaps in care dimensions.

  • Proaktywne podejście geotechniczne do zachowania dziedzictwa kulturowego i naturalnego: przypadek San Leo we Włoszech Proactive Geotechnical Approach to Preserve Cultural and Natural Heritage: The Case of the Town of San Leo in Italy
    • Jarosław Przewłócki
    • Lesław Zabuski
    2024 Pełny tekst Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

    Artykuł dotyczy miasta San Leo, znanego z atrakcyjnych zabytków historycznych, zwłaszcza twierdzy Rocca Fortezza stanowiącej architektoniczne arcydzieło. Jest ona położona na wysokiej skale, której zbocza od setek lat ulegały procesom osuwiskowym. Najpoważniejsze osuwisko miało miejsce w 2014. Aby uniknąć potencjalnej katastrofy i zapewnić bezpieczeństwo miastu, w pracy przeprowadzono analizę proaktywną, polegającą na przewidywaniu problemu i podejmowaniu działań w celu zminimalizowania możliwych trudności związanych ze statecznością obiektów. Parametry geomechaniczne określono metodą analizy wstecznej dla przekroju, w którym wystąpiło ostatnie rozległe osuwisko. Obliczenia numeryczne wykonano przy użyciu metody elementów oddzielnych (DEM). Dla wyznaczonych parametrów przeprowadzono analizę stateczności i deformacji w przekroju potencjalnie niekorzystnym. Ponadto przeanalizowano przekrój klifu znajdujący się bezpośrednio pod twierdzą, dla którego zaproponowano środki stabilizujące.

  • Probing Luminescence in the Collisions of Furan Molecules with Dihydrogen Cations Using Collision-Induced Emission Spectroscopy
    • Tomasz Wąsowicz
    2024 Pełny tekst Romanian Journal of Physics

    Optical spectroscopic studies of furan molecules (C4H4O) impinged by dihydrogen cations (H2 +) were for the first time performed employing collision induced emission spectroscopy at ions incident energy range of 25–1000 eV corresponding to the velocities from 49 to 311 km/s. The recorded spectra reveal strong luminescence of atomic hydrogen Balmer lines whose intensities weaken with rising principal quantum number n. The spectra also display emission bands of CH radicals excited to the first A2Δ and second B2Σ− electronic states. The emission yield curves of these excited products were additionally measured by recording resultant intensities at different projectile energies. Impact processes are unveiled based on these results.

  • Problematyka mycia elementów obrabianych po operacjach docierania jednotarczowego powierzchni płaskich
    • Adam Barylski
    2024 Dozór Techniczny

    W artykule omówiono wybrane zagadnienia mycia elementów po wykończeniowej obróbce ściernej luźnym ścierniwem. Przedstawiono technikę pooperacyjnego mycia ultradźwiękowego, czasochłonność oczyszczania drobnych elementów z ceramiki technicznej oraz skuteczność mycia ręcznego i ultradźwiękowego żeliwa sferoidalnego po docieraniu.

  • Problems of Measuring Gas Content in Oil in a Two-Phase Flow: A Review
    • Cezary Edling
    • Paweł Śliwiński
    2024 ENERGIES

    In view of the necessity of measuring the air content in oil in two-phase flows in the context of general industry, a review of the most popular methods of measuring the air content in oil was carried out. This review includes an assessment of their advantages and disadvantages and of whether they meet criteria such as the degree of filling, the size and number of bubbles, verification, the absence of additional pressure drops, simplicity, and repeatability. In the review, the following methods were examined: the classic trapping method, a modified trapping method, a trapping method using hydrostatic pressure loss, the pressure loss due to frictional flow resistance, the pressure loss with a rapid increase in diameter, the pressure drop in a Venturi tube, the pressure drop in an orifice, a method using the Coriolis effect, the electrical resistance method, the electrical conductivity method, the electromagnetic method, the electrical capacitance method, the thermal anemometry method, the liquid–solid contact electrification method, the photographic method, holography, light scattering, sound dispersion, the ultrasonic transit-time method, X-ray radiation, gamma radiation, neutron radiation, and fiber-optic methods.

  • Procedury diagnostyczne badania izolacji maszyn elektrycznych
    • Marek Olesz
    • Marcin Gulczyński
    • Marek Adamowicz
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Artykuł opisuje stosowane w praktyce procedury diagnostyki off-line dla silników elektrycznych niskiego i średniego napięcia. Poza pomiarem rezystancji izolacji do eksploatacji wprowadza się metody impulsowe z dodatkową rejestracją impulsów wyładowań niezupełnych. Analiza odpowiedzi izolacji na oscylacyjne przebiegi napięcia zasadniczo poprawia możliwość wykrywania wewnętrznych uszkodzeń - w tym między zwojowych – w układzie izolacyjnym, co przedstawiono dla omówionego przypadku silnika elektrycznego średniego napięcia.

  • Progress in ATRP-derived materials for biomedical applications
    • Mohsen Khodadadiyazdi
    • Payam Zarrintaj
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Masoud Mozafari
    • Sidi A. Bencherif
    2024 PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE

    The continuing wave of technological breakthroughs and advances is critical for engineering well- defined materials, particularly biomaterials, with tailored microstructure and properties. Over the last few decades, controlled radical polymerization (CRP) has become a very promising option for the synthesis of precise polymeric materials with an unprecedented degree of control over mo lecular architecture. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), one of the most robust and efficient CRPs, has been at the forefront of the synthesis of well-defined polymers with controlled/ predetermined molecular weights, polydispersity, topology, composition, and site-specific func tionality. ATRP has been leveraged to prepare a wide range of polymers with properties tailored for a number of biomedical applications. Furthermore, ATRP can also be utilized to introduce stimuli-responsive properties into the chemical structure of polymers. Moreover, the degradation behavior of ATRP-derived polymers can be tailored by incorporating chemical bonds susceptible to hydrolysis or proteolysis. This strategy allows the design of degradable polymers for in vivo applications. This review summarizes the recent advances in ATRP for the design of functional materials and techniques implemented to advance the biomedical field, such as surface modifi cation and functionalization. Additionally, the latest applications and progress of ATRP-derived materials in various biomedical arenas such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and biosensing are reported. Lastly, the current limitations and future perspectives of ATRP- derived biomaterials are carefully discussed to support further improvement of their properties and performance for translatability into the clinic. Moving forward, there is a need for further development of ATRP to align with green chemistry principles. This entails exploring the use of renewable monomers, environmentally friendly and nontoxic solvents, as well as metal-free and biocompatible catalysts. Additionally, researchers should thoroughly investigate the bioactivity, biodegradation behavior, and in vivo fate of ATRP-derived polymers and polymer conjugates before considering their translation into clinical applications

  • Progress in module design for membrane distillation
    • Aamer Ali
    • Mohammad Mahdi Agha Shirazi
    • Lebea Nthunya
    • Roberto Castro Munoz
    • Norafiqah Ismail
    • Naser Tavajohi
    • Guillermo Zaragoza
    • Cejna Anna Quist-Jensen
    2024 Pełny tekst DESALINATION

    There have been tremendous advances in membrane distillation (MD) since the concept was introduced in 1961: new membrane designs and process configurations have emerged, and its commercial viability has been evaluated in several pilot-scale studies. However, its high energy consumption has hindered its commercialization. One of the most promising ways to overcome this obstacle is to develop more energy-efficient membrane modules. The MD research community has therefore developed diverse new module configurations for hollow fiber and flat sheet membranes that increase the thermal energy efficiency of MD by minimizing thermal polarization, increasing mass transfer across the membrane, and improving heat recovery from the condensed vapor. This review summarizes the progress made in the design of hollow fiber and flat sheet membrane modules for MD applications. It begins with a brief introduction to MD and its configurations before describing developments in module fabrication and highlighting key areas where further research is needed.

  • Properties of some fruit wines
    • Kim Mo Young
    • Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł
    • Martin Polovka
    • Bianka Tobolkova
    • Pitipong Thobunluepop
    • Yong Seo Park
    • Kyung Sik Ham
    • Yang Kyun Park
    • Seong Gook Kang
    • Dinorah Barasch
    • Alina Nemirovski
    • Shela Gorinstein
    2024 Pełny tekst EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

    Recently wereported about theconsumption of redwines fromgrapes, havingseveral health properties. Thereare different types of wines that originated fromgrapesand other fruits. In the present study fruit wines frompersimmon, kiwifruit and pomegranatewereinvestigated and compared for theirantioxidant ability, usingcupricion reducingantioxidant capacity (CUPRAC)and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)assays. To thefruit wines wereapplied thesamemethods of investigation as to thetraditional ones madefromgrapes. Theresults showed the highest antioxidant activity of pomegranate, followed by kiwifruit and persimmonwines. Fourier transforminfrared (FTIR)spectroscopy was used in order to correlatetheseresults. Theinteraction of wine bioactivecompounds with themain serumproteins in the humanmetabolism, such as human serumalbumin (HSA), globulin (GL),and fibrinogen (FB), showed that pomegranatewine possesses higher quenchingproperties than kiwifruit and persimmonwines. All determined fluorescenceindices havea direct correlationwith the bioactivity of polyphenolsand not with thecontent ofalcohol. We hypothesizethat theresults of theinteraction ofmain human serumproteins with bioactivecompounds of wines can beadditional predictors

  • Proposed concept for the development of residential floating facilities
    • Emilia Miszewska
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Radosław Wiśniewski
    2024 Pełny tekst Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych

    Currently, a dynamic growth of interest in residential buildings located on the water can be observed in Poland. However, the lack of legal regulations, the increase in society's affluence and overpopulation in city centers lead to reflection on the development strategy that should be implemented for maritime construction. The publication presents a proposal of four development strategy concepts: aggressive, conservative, competitive and defensive, developed for floating homes (FHs) based on the authors' own research. The strategy concept that, in the authors' opinion, should be implemented was indicated using the TOWS-SWOT analysis. A detailed analysis revealed that the strategy that obtained the highest result in the study was the aggressive strategy

  • Proteases immobilized on nanomaterials for biocatalytic, environmental and biomedical applications: Advantages and drawbacks
    • Muhammad Bilal
    • Sarmad Ahmad Qamar
    • Diego Carballares
    • Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
    • Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
    2024 Pełny tekst BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES

    Proteases have gained significant scientific and industrial interest due to their unique biocatalytic characteristics and broad-spectrum applications in different industries. The development of robust nanobiocatalytic systems by attaching proteases onto various nanostructured materials as fascinating and novel nanocarriers has demonstrated exceptional biocatalytic performance, substantial stability, and ease of recyclability over multiple reaction cycles under different chemical and physical conditions. Proteases immobilized on nanocarriers may be much more resistant to denaturation caused by extreme temperatures or pH values, detergents, organic solvents, and other protein denaturants than free enzymes. Immobilized proteases may present a lower inhibition. The use of non-porous materials in the immobilization prevents diffusion and steric hindrances during the binding of the substrate to the active sites of enzymes compared to immobilization onto porous materials; when using very large or solid substrates, orientation of the enzyme must always be adequate. The advantages and problems of the immobilization of proteases on nanoparticles are discussed in this review. The continuous and batch reactor operations of nanocarrier-immobilized proteases have been successfully investigated for a variety of applications in the leather, detergent, biomedical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Information about immobilized proteases on various nanocarriers and nanomaterials has been systematically compiled here. Furthermore, different industrial applications of immobilized proteases have also been highlighted in this review.

  • Proyecto Valija
    • Dominika Krechowicz
    2024

    Projekt "Walizka", koncepcja: prof. dr hab. Zbigniew Szot Uniwersytet Artystyczny w Poznaniu, Wydział Malarstwa i Rysunku. W projekcie wzięło udział 46 artystów z Polski oraz z Czech, Niemiec, Gruzji, Japonii. Koncepcja projektu dotyczy szeroko pojętego tematu podróży. W obecnych czasach zagrożenia COVID-19 słowo „podróż” zaczyna nabierać zupełnie innego znaczenia. Żyjąc i tworząc w izolacji od wielu miesięcy, została stworzona wspólnie autonomiczna kolekcja prac, dedykowanych tylko tej walizce, która teraz jest wysyłana w podróż. Prace i walizka stanowią nierozłączną całość. Koncepcją projektu jest zaprezentowanie prac w wybranych miejscach oraz pozostawienie swojego znaku na wieku walizki. Wystawa została zaprezentowana w Palacio de Colomina, siedzibie Uniwersytetu CEU im. Kardynała Herrery w Walencji w Hiszpanii. Termin realizacji: 29.10.2024 do 28.11.2024.