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Repozytorium publikacji
Politechniki Gdańskiej

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  • Od odpadów rolniczych do wysokowydajnego sorbentu. Węgiel aktywny pochodzący z łupin orzechów laskowych do oczyszczania wody i ścieków
    • Beata Barczak
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    • Katarzyna Januszewicz
    2023 Pełny tekst Przemysł Chemiczny

    Łupiny orzechów laskowych, produkt uboczny przemysłu spożywczego, mają znaczny potencjał jako prekursor do produkcji węgla aktywnego ze względu na ich dużą dostępność i dużą zawartość węgla. Przedstawiono badania możliwości przekształcenia łupin orzechów laskowych w węgiel aktywny, wykorzystany do oczyszczania ścieków z zanieczyszczeń organicznych. Porównano procesy aktywacji fizycznej i chemicznej otrzymanego węgla. Otrzymano wysoce porowaty materiał o powierzchni właściwej 1211 m2/g. Ponadto przedstawiono izotermy adsorpcji i oznaczono pojemność adsorpcyjną biowęgla względem rodaminy B.

  • Od planów generalnych do masterplanów. Sztuka kształtowania nowych struktur miejskich na obrzeżach miast
    • Weronika Mazurkiewicz
    2023

    Do największych zmian urbanistycznych i socjologicznych w Polsce po 1989 roku można zaliczyć koncentrację ludności w obszarach metropolitalnych oraz migracje wewnętrzne dotyczące głównie przemieszczania się ludności z miast centralnych do stref podmiejskich. Jedną z ważniejszych konsekwencji przemian w przestrzeni urbanistycznej był rozwój stref obrzeżnych miast, które przekształciły się w monofunkcyjne obszary. W następstwie koszty funkcjonowania dzisiejszego obszaru metropolitalnego drastycznie rosną, a jakość życia mieszkańców tych struktur mieszkaniowych jest obniżona. Towarzyszący temu procesowi chaos przestrzenny, związane z nim problemy środowiskowe, społeczne, ekonomiczne, transportowe oraz planistyczne, jak również braki w systemie planowania zaliczają się do zasadniczych powodów podjęcia w niniejszej publikacji zagadnienia przydatności nieformalnych (pozaustawowych) narzędzi urbanistycznych używanych w skali dzielnicy. Ze względu na wagę zjawiska i jego skutki praca została poświęcona sposobom kształtowania struktur obrzeżnych realizowanych we współczesnych miastach Polski. Dominująca funkcja mieszkaniowa jest często pozbawiona funkcji miastotwórczych. Świadczą o tym niedostateczna ilość usług, miejsc pracy, niezbędnej infrastruktury, dobrze zaplanowanych i urządzonych przestrzeni publicznych oraz zieleni, utrudniony dostęp do służby zdrowia, placówek oświatowych, kulturalnych i rozrywkowych. Konsekwencjami tych niedostatków są takie zjawiska, jak: ubogie życie publiczne miejskich ośrodków zurbanizowanych, niska jakość życia, trudności w nawiązywaniu więzi społecznych między mieszkańcami, brak poczucia wspólnoty oraz traktowanie tych struktur jak „sypialni”. W książce przedstawiono struktury obrzeżne lokowane na surowym korzeniu i kształtowane na podstawie kompleksowych wizji przestrzennych przy zastosowaniu pozaustawowych instrumentów planistycznych. W celu ukazania skutków stosowania podobnych instrumentów w przeszłości przytoczono kontekst historyczny składający się z przykładów całościowego planowania obszarów miejskich. Przytoczono też kontekst zastosowania podobnych instrumentów w innych krajach Unii Europejskiej, wskazując na zasadność tworzenia masterplanów również w Polsce. Dodatkowym opisywanym wątkiem jest zastosowanie tych instrumentów w procesie poprawy jakości istniejących struktur obrzeżnych, który wiąże się z ich dopełnianiem i uzupełnianiem o brakujące funkcje miejskie w taki sposób, aby doprowadzić do ich kompletności.

  • Odour Perception Using a Sniffing Team at a Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Plant: A Case Study
    • Izabela Konkol
    • Robert Tylingo
    • Szymon Mania
    • Adam Cenian
    2023 Pełny tekst Sustainability

    The monitoring of odour intensity, generated by a landfill area, is a difficult activity since it is a multi-source problem with discontinuous odour emissions. A modified sniffing team method is described here and applied to determine the main odour sources in a landfill located in Pomerania, Poland. Four consecutive test sessions were performed during the following months: August, December, April, and June. It was found that the main odour sources are as follows: a closed- chamber composting facility for leach storage; the site wherein technological operations associated with compost turn-over during open-air aeration processes are performed; and the landfill site. The results of the sniffing team method present the indicative values of sensory testing. The application of the presented method was limited by disturbances due to changing atmospheric conditions. The calculated odour intensities and concentrations correspond with real sensitive perceptions of the tested environment

  • Odpady
    • Anna Kuczyńska-Łażewska
    2023

    Mimo rosnącej liczby odpadów na świecie, związanej z wzrastającą liczbą ludności i podwyższającym się komfortem życia, znacząco postępuje również rozwój w zakresie zarządzania nimi. Postęp i wprowadzanie innowacyjnych technologii w obszarze recyklingu i unieszkodliwiania odpadów daje nadzieję na przyszłość. Podejmowane działania powinny mieć zasięg globalny i jak najszybciej widoczne skutki. Na negatywny wpływ zwiększającej się ilości odpadów najbardziej są narażone kraje rozwijające się i ich najbiedniejsi obywatele. Środowisko naturalne także cierpi, nie tylko przez zaśmiecanie siedlisk zagrożonych gatunków czy zajmowanie ich przez wysypiska odpadów, lecz także przez obecność zanieczyszczeń takich jak odcieki ze składowisk zawierające metale ciężkie czy mikroplastik.

  • Odpowiedź na Kilka uwag do artykułu nt. Mostu Uniwersyteckiego w Bydgoszczy
    • Krzysztof Wilde
    • Jacek Chróścielewski
    • Mikołaj Miśkiewicz
    • Łukasz Pyrzowski
    • Bartosz Sobczyk
    2023 Mosty

    W materiale zawarto odpowiedź do artykułu "Kilka uwag do artykułu nt. Mostu Uniwersyteckiego w Bydgoszczy" opublikowanego w ne 1/2023 czasopisma "Mosty" na str. 8.

  • Ogólnopolski Konkurs Prototypów Koncepcji Kreatorskich ‘NIE_MATERIA’ - laureatki 1. etapu
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    • Anna Wróblewska
    2023

    Spośród 200 uczestników wyłoniono 7 Zespołów Laureatów 1.etapu wskazanych do kontynuacji pracy projektowej nad prototypem NIE_MATERII. Wydarzenie kontynuowane w formie publicznej prezentacji projektu i wystawy jest elementem Festiwalu. Festival ART&DESIGN 2023 jest premierowym wydarzeniem podsumowującym roczny projekt „Design w procesie” - cykl wystaw, konferencji warsztatowych i naukowych oraz warsztatów edukacyjnych. Festival podsumowuje działania twórcze i projektowe z różnych dziedzin, realizowanych przez profesjonalistów i młodych kreatorów, designerów, włączając również działania ekspertów z branż biznesu. Główne wystawy festiwalu mają charakter konkursowy i kuratorski oraz są efektem ponad rocznej współpracy Akademickiego Centrum Designu z uczelniami artystycznymi jak i środowiskiem niezależnych twórców/czyń. Wystawy premierowe o zasięgu ogólnopolskim „Materie żywiołów” jak i wystawa prototypów Koncepcji Kreatorskich pod nadzorem Jury podsumowują procesy, badania i estetykę kreacji podejmując nowatorskie rozwiązania estetyczne. Efektem tych dwóch pokazów będzie udział autorek i autorów prac w dalszych wystawach międzynarodowych oraz dofinansowanie realizacji wybranych koncepcji kreatorskich wraz z ich wystawą premierową. Tegoroczne hasło festiwalu to NIE_MATERIA.

  • Określanie liczby sygnałów echa w zmodyfikowanej metodzie Prony’ego w zastosowaniu do echosondy interferometrycznej
    • Piotr Grall
    2023 Pełny tekst

    W rozprawie zaprezentowana została analiza możliwości poprawy dokładności określania głębokości w echosondzie interferometrycznej. Analiza dostępnych źródeł wykazała, że jednym ze sposobów na osiągnięcie poprawy dokładności jest zastosowanie zaawansowanych metod określania kierunku. Spośród odstępnych metod wybrano Zmodyfikowaną Metodę Prony’ego i zastosowano ją do przetwarzania sygnałów w echosondzie interferometrycznej. Aby poprawnie zastosować Zmodyfikowaną Metodę Prony’ego konieczne jest poprawne określanie liczby sygnałów echa. W rozprawie zaprezentowano opracowaną, nową metodę określania liczby sygnałów echa, która w zastosowaniu do Zmodyfikowanej Metody Prony’ego pozawala na poprawę dokładności określania głębokości w echosondzie interferometrycznej. Zaprezentowane zostały dwa warianty opracowanej metody, które umożliwiają jej zastosowanie w typowych, reprezentatywnych warunkach, w jakich pracuje echosonda interferometryczna w systemach hydrograficznych. Właściwości zaprezentowanej metody zostały zbadane dla symulowanych sygnałów ze stałego kierunku. W szczególności zbadano jak dekorelacja przestrzenna sygnału wpływa na skuteczność nowej metody w określaniu liczby sygnałów echa oraz dokładność określenia kierunku. Następnie sprawdzono właściwości zaproponowanej metody dla sygnałów symulowanych oraz dla sygnałów zarejestrowanych w warunkach rzeczywistych. W rezultacie przeprowadzonych badań wykazano poprawę dokładności określania kierunku/głębokości za pomocą Zmodyfikowanej Metody Prony’ego wraz z zaproponowaną metoda określania liczby sygnałów echa w stosunku do standardowego Metody Prony’ego bez modyfikacji.

  • On a 3D material modelling of smart nanocomposite structures
    • Mohammad Malikan
    • Shahriar Dastjerdi
    • Victor Eremeev
    • Hamid M. Sedighi
    2023 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE

    Smart composites (SCs) are utilized in electro-mechanical systems such as actuators and energy harvesters. Typically, thin-walled components such as beams, plates, and shells are employed as structural elements to achieve the mechanical behavior desired in these composites. SCs exhibit various advanced properties, ranging from lower order phenomena like piezoelectricity and piezomagneticity, to higher order effects including flexoelectricity and flexomagneticity. The recently discovered flexomagneticity in smart composites has been investigated under limited conditions. A review of the existing literature indicates a lack of evaluation in three-dimensional (3D) elasticity analysis of SCs when the flexomagnetic effect (FM) exists. To address this issue, the governing equations will incorporate the term ∂/∂z, where z represents the thickness coordinate. The variational technique will guide us in further developing these governing equations. By using hypotheses and theories such as a 3D beam model, von Kármán's strain nonlinearity, Hamilton's principle, and well-established direct and converse FM models, we will derive the constitutive equations for a thick composite beam. Conducting a 3D analysis implies that the strain and strain gradient tensors must be expressed in 3D forms. The inclusion of the term ∂/∂z necessitates the construction of a different model. It should be noted that current commercial finite element codes are not equipped to accurately and adequately handle micro- and nano-sized solids, thus making it impractical to model a flexomagnetic composite structure using these programs. Therefore, we will transform the derived characteristic linear three-dimensional bending equations into a 3D semi-analytical Polynomial domain to obtain numerical results. This study demonstrates the importance of conducting 3D mechanical analyses to explore the coupling effects of multiple physical phenomena in smart structures.

  • On analysis of nanocomposite conical structures
    • Shahriar Dastjerdi
    • Ömer Civalek
    • Mohammad Malikan
    • Bekir Akgöz
    2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE

    This research examines the analysis of rotating truncated conical baskets reinforced by carbon nanotubes around the two independent axes. A time-dependent analysis is considered, and the nonlinear dynamic governing equations are extracted using the energy method. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced the conical basket, and the structure's mechanical properties are determined based on the several distributions of carbon nanotubes. The novel design of a two-axis rotating conical basket is used as a centrifuge device and its resistance is investigated at different rotational velocities around the two independent axes. The partial differential governing equations are solved to obtain the structure's deformations. It can be seen that the structure undergoes much deformation against rotational velocities (significantly two-axis rotations). By reinforcing the conical basket with CNTs, its resistance increased, and a considerable part of the deformations resulting from the accelerated rotation will be neutralized. The results of novel presented formulation are validated, and the effectiveness of the dynamics formulation and solution method is proved. Also, the effects of various parameters on the research, such as the type of CNTs distribution and two-axis angular rotational velocities, are carefully examined. The results of this research can provide valuable information about the resistance of conical centrifuges reinforced with carbon nanotubes for other researchers. Also, it is noteworthy to mention that a novel approach has been presented for the dynamic deformation analysis of perforated centrifuges.

  • On bidirectional preestimates and their application to identification of fast time-varying systems
    • Maciej Niedźwiecki
    • Artur Gańcza
    • Lu Shen
    • Yuriy Zakharov
    2023 Pełny tekst

    When applied to the identification of time-varying systems, such as rapidly fading telecommunication channels, adaptive estimation algorithms built on the local basis function (LBF) principle yield excellent tracking performance but are computationally demanding. The subsequently proposed fast LBF (fLBF) algorithms, based on the preestimation principle, allow a substantial reduction in complexity without significant performance losses. We propose a novel preestimator, called bidirectional, which further improves the performance of the fLBF scheme.

  • On dynamic modeling of piezomagnetic/flexomagnetic microstructures based on Lord–Shulman thermoelastic model
    • Mohammad Malikan
    • Victor Eremeev
    2023 Pełny tekst ARCHIVE OF APPLIED MECHANICS

    We study a time-dependent thermoelastic coupling within free vibrations of piezomagnetic (PM) microbeams considering the flexomagnetic (FM) phenomenon. The flexomagneticity relates to a magnetic field with a gradient of strains. Here, we use the generalized thermoelasticity theory of Lord–Shulman to analyze the interaction between elastic deformation and thermal conductivity. The uniform magnetic field is permeated in line with the transverse axis. Using the strain gradient approach, the beam yields microstructural properties. The analytical solving process has been gotten via applying sine Fourier technique on displacements. Graphical illustrations are assigned to shape numerical examples concerning variations in essential physical quantities. It was observed that the flexomagnetic effect could be extraordinary if the thermal conductivity of the material is higher or the thermal relaxation time of the heat source is lesser. This theoretical study will provide the way of starting studies on magneto-thermoelastic small-scale piezo-flexomagnetic structures based on the heat conduction models.

  • On dynamics of origami-inspired rod
    • Igor Berinskii
    • Victor Eremeev
    2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE

    We discuss the dynamics of a relatively simple origami-inspired structure considering discrete and continuum models. The latter was derived as a certain limit of the discrete model. Here we analyze small in-plane deformations and related equations of infinitesimal motions. For both models, dispersion relations were derived and compared. The comparison of the dispersion relations showed that the continuum model can capture the behavior of origami structures, which can be helpful in the materials properties determination and nondestructive evaluation.

  • On implementation of fibrous connective tissues’ damage in Abaqus software
    • Agnieszka Sabik
    • Wojciech Witkowski
    2023 JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS

    Connective fibrous tissues, such as tendons and ligaments, in humans and animals exhibit hyperelastic behaviour. The constitution of the material of these tissues is anisotropic due to the presence of the collagen fibres, where one family of fibres is the typical case. Traumatic events and/or aging may sometimes lead to the damage of the tissue. The study of motion of affected joints or limbs is usually not permitted in vivo. This is where finite element method (FEM) becomes useful as a premise for general analysis, surgical planning or designing of implants and medical treatment. One of the most often used FEM commercial programs is the field of the biomechanics is Abaqus. The present study discusses the potential of user subroutine UANISOHYPER_INV in this code to analyse response of transversely isotropic tissue with damage in quasi-static range. This subroutine requires providing the material energy function and its derivatives only. The stress tensor and constitutive matrix are computed by the software automatically. To the best of the Authors’ knowledge this procedure provides the easiest way to simulate the anisotropic hyperelastic material behaviour in Abaqus. In this study its usage is extended onto the damage response simulation. The verification of the approach and its validation against experimental data indicates its efficiency.

  • On Nature-Inspired Design Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Variable-Resolution EM Models
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    2023 Pełny tekst Scientific Reports

    Numerical optimization has been ubiquitous in antenna design for over a decade or so. It is indispensable in handling of multiple geometry/material parameters, performance goals, and constraints. It is also challenging as it incurs significant CPU expenses, especially when the underlying computational model involves full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis. In most practical cases, the latter is imperative to ensure evaluation reliability. The numerical challenges are even more pronounced when global search is required, which is most often carried out using nature-inspired algorithms. Population-based procedures are known for their ability to escape from local optima, yet their computational efficiency is poor, which makes them impractical when applied directly to EM models. A common workaround is the utilization of surrogate modeling techniques, typically in the form of iterative prediction-correction schemes, where the accumulated EM simulation data is used to identify the promising regions of the parameter space and to refine the surrogate model predictive power at the same time. Notwithstanding, implementation of surrogate-assisted procedures is often intricate, whereas their efficacy may be hampered by the dimensionality issues and considerable nonlinearity of antenna characteristics. This work investigates the benefits of incorporating variable-resolution EM simulation models into nature-inspired algorithms for optimization of antenna structures, where the model resolution pertains to the level of discretization density of an antenna structure in the full-wave simulation model. The considered framework utilizes EM simulation models which share the same physical background and are selected from a continuous spectrum of allowable resolutions. The early stages of the search process are carried out with the use of the lowest fidelity model, which is subsequently automatically increased to finally reach the high-fidelity antenna representation (i.e., considered as sufficiently accurate for design purposes). Numerical validation is executed using several antenna structures of distinct types of characteristics, and a particle swarm optimizer as the optimization engine. The results demonstrate that appropriate resolution adjustment profiles permit considerable computational savings (reaching up to eighty percent in comparison to high-fidelity-based optimization) without noticeable degradation of the search process reliability.

  • On Rapid Design Optimization and Calibration of Microwave Sensors Based on Equivalent Complementary Resonators for High Sensitivity and Low Fabrication Tolerance
    • Tanveer Haq Ul
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2023 Pełny tekst SENSORS

    This paper presents the design, optimization, and calibration of multivariable resonators for mi-crowave dielectric sensors. An optimization technique for circular complementary split ring reso-nator (CC-SRR) and square complementary split ring resonator (SC-SRR) is presented to achieve the required transmission response in a precise manner. The optimized resonators are manufac-tured using a standard photolithographic technique and measured for fabrication tolerance. The fabricated sensor is presented for high-resolution characterization of dielectric substrates and oil samples. A three-dimensional dielectric container is attached to the sensor, which acts as a pool for the sample under test (SUT). In the presented technique, the dielectric substrates and oil sam-ples can interact directly with the electromagnetic (EM) field emitted from the resonator. For the sake of sensor calibration, a relation between the relative permittivity of the dielectric samples and the resonant frequency of the sensor is established in the form of the inverse regression model. Comparisons with state-of-the-art sensors indicate the superiority of the presented design in terms of oil characterization reliability. The significant technical contributions of this work include the employment of rigorous optimization of geometry parameters of the sensor leading to its superior performance, the development and application of the inverse-model-based calibration procedure.

  • On the exact equilibrium conditions of irregular shells reinforced by beams along the junctions
    • Violetta Konopińska-Zmysłowska
    2023 Pełny tekst CONTINUUM MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS

    The exact, resultant equilibrium conditions for irregular shells reinforced by beams along the junctions are formulated. The equilibrium conditions are derived by performing direct integration of the global equilibrium conditions of continuum mechanics. New, exact resultant static continuity conditions along the singular curve modelling reinforced junction are presented. The results do not depend on shell thickness, internal through-the-thickness shell structure, or material properties of shell and beam elements. In this theoretical approach, the beam’s kinematics is represented by the elastic Cosserat curve. Kinematically, the six-parameter model of shell structures coincides with the Cosserat curve model of the beam. The presented method can be easily applied to cases of connection of three or four shell elements with the reinforcement along the junction.

  • On the Importance of Resilience Engineering for Networked Systems in a Changing World
    • David Hutchison
    • Dimitrios Pezaros
    • Jacek Rak
    • Paul Smith
    2023 Pełny tekst IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE

    Resilience is featured increasingly often in the media, usually applied to society when faced, for example, with disasters such as flooding and the enormous challenges that the Covid-19 pandemic posed. There are now many resilience-related discussion groups worldwide, and some standards initiatives devoted in particular to city resilience. However, there is relatively little explicit interest in resilience engineering for communication networks and systems, including the Internet. This is perhaps surprising, given the reliance that society now places on networks and networked systems. This article reflects on key issues and developments that may change this perspective; we summarize recent and current research in resilient systems and, consequently, propose a multidisciplinary research agenda in resilience engineering for networked systems.

  • On the Possibility of Increasing Ship Energy Efficiency Through Improved Propulsion Control System
    • Mohammad Ghaemi
    2023

    This paper summarizes the analyses conducted to assess the impact of the ship's propulsion control system on energy efficiency in calm, manoeuvre, and sea wave conditions, where the goal of the investigation is to develop new strategies for controlling the ship's motion while considering the interactions between the hull, engine, and propeller.

  • On the recognition of the game type based on physiological signals and eye tracking
    • Mariusz Szwoch
    • Łukasz Czekaj
    • Łukasz Radzinski
    • Robert Kitłowski
    • Włodzisław Duch
    • Jakub Domaszewicz
    • Mateusz Kolimaga
    2023

    Automated interpretation of signals yields many impressive applications from the area of affective computing and human activity recognition (HAR). In this paper we ask the question about possibility of cognitive activity recognition on the base of particular set of signals. We use recognition of the game played by the participant as a playground for exploration of the problem. We build classifier of three different games (Space Invaders, Tetris, Tower Defence) and inter-game pause. We validate classifier in the player-independent and playerdependent scenario. We discuss the improvement in the player-dependent scenario in the context of biometric person recognition. On the base of the results obtained in game classification, we consider potential applications in smart surveillance and quantified self.

  • On the use of leading safety indicators in maritime and their feasibility for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships
    • Krzysztof Wróbel
    • Mateusz Gil
    • Przemysław Krata
    • Karol Olszewski
    • Jakub Montewka
    2023 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part O-Journal of Risk and Reliability

    Although the safety of prospective Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships will largely depend on their ability to detect potential hazards and react to them, the contemporary scientific literature lacks the analysis of how to achieve this. This could be achieved through an application of leading safety indicators. The aim of the performed study was to identify the research directions of leading safety indicators in three safety-critical operational aspects of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: collision avoidance, intact stability, and communication. To achieve this, literature review is performed, taking into account scientific documents including journal and conference papers. The results indicate that the need for establishing operational leading safety indicators is recognized by numerous scholars, who sometimes make suggestions of what the set of indicators shall consist of. Some leading safety indicators for autonomous vessels are readily identifiable in the scientific literature and used in current practice. However, the research effort is lacking a holistic approach to the issue.

  • On time-dependent nonlinear dynamic response of micro-elastic solids
    • Mohammad Malikan
    • Victor Eremeev
    2023 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE

    A new approach to the mechanical response of micro-mechanic problems is presented using the modified couple stress theory. This model captured micro-turns due to micro-particles' rotations which could be essential for microstructural materials and/or at small scales. In a micro media based on the small rotations, sub-particles can also turn except the whole domain rotation. However, this framework is competent for a static medium. In terms of dynamic investigations of micro materials, it is required to involve micro-rotations' mass inertias. This fact persuades us to pay particular attention to the micro mechanics' samples and directed us to re-derive the modified couple stress model to propose and represent a new micro-mechanic approach which is well-deserved, especially for dynamic studies of microstructures. In carrying out this job, the classical beam has provided the basic form of formulation procedure. The continuum medium has been limited to a square flat non-porous beam deducing a homogeneous isotropic micromaterial. As long as the time-dependent results are concerned due to studying micro-mass inertia in time history, there would be two solution steps. The Galerkin decomposition technique is imposed in accord with an analytical postulate to issue the algebraic problem distributing time-dependent equations. The latter, the Homotopy perturbation method delivers time-dependent outcomes. The solution methods have been validated by building numerical models in Abaqus software. On the new achievements of this study, one can declare that both static and dynamic length scale parameters are very effective in order to study vibrations of microstructures. If the values of these characteristic lengths are considerable, the nonlinear frequency analysis will be essential.Furthermore, the stiffness of the structure will be higher if the values of both length scale parameters increase.

  • On Unsupervised Artificial-Intelligence-Assisted Design of Antennas for High-Performance Planar Devices
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Weiping Dou
    • Peter Renner
    • Andrew Cohen
    • Yuandong Tian
    • Jiang Zhu
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    2023 Pełny tekst Electronics

    Design of modern antenna structures is a challenging endeavor. It is laborious, and heavily reliant on engineering insight and experience, especially at the initial stages oriented towards the devel-opment of a suitable antenna architecture. Due to its interactive nature and hands-on procedures (mainly parametric studies) for validating suitability of particular geometric setups, typical antenna development requires many weeks and significant involvement of a human expert. The same reasons only allow the designer to try out a very limited number of options in terms of antenna geometry arrangements. Automated topology development and dimension sizing is therefore of high interest, especially from industry perspective where time-to-market and expert-related ex-penses are of paramount importance. This paper discusses a novel approach to unsupervised specification-driven design of planar antennas. The presented methodology capitalizes on a flexi-ble and scalable antenna parameterization, which enables realization of complex geometries while maintaining reasonably small parameter space dimensionality. A customized nature-inspired al-gorithm is employed to carry out space exploration and identification of a quasi-optimum antenna topology in a global sense. A fast gradient-based procedure is then incorporated to fine tune an-tenna dimensions. The design framework works entirely in a black-box fashion with the only in-put being design specifications, and optional constraints, e.g., concerning the structure size. Nu-merous illustration case studies demonstrate the capability of the presented technique to generate unconventional antenna topologies of satisfactory performance using reasonable computational budgets, and with no human expert interaction necessary whatsoever.

  • On well-posedness of the first boundary-value problem within linear isotropic Toupin–Mindlin strain gradient elasticity and constraints for elastic moduli
    • Victor Eremeev
    2023 Pełny tekst ZAMM-Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik

    Within the linear Toupin–Mindlin strain gradient elasticity we discuss the well-posedness of the first boundary-value problem, that is, a boundary-value problem with Dirichlet-type boundary conditions on the whole boundary. For an isotropic material we formulate the necessary and sufficient conditions which guarantee existence and uniqueness of a weak solution. These conditions include strong ellipticity written in terms of higher-order elastic moduli and two inequalities for the Lamé moduli. The conditions are less restrictive than those followed from the positive definiteness of the deformation energy.

  • One More Step Towards a Circular Economy for Thermal Insulation Materials—Development of Composites Highly Filled with Waste Polyurethane (PU) Foam for Potential Use in the Building Industry
    • Łukasz Kowalczyk
    • Jerzy Korol
    • Błażej Chmielnicki
    • Aleksandra Laska
    • Daniel Chuchała
    • Aleksander Hejna
    2023 Pełny tekst Materials

    The rapid development of the building sector has created increased demand for novel materials and technologies, while on the other hand resulting in the generation of a severe amount of waste materials. Among these are polyurethane (PU) foams, which are commonly applied as thermal insulation materials. Their management is a serious industrial problem, due to, for example, their complex chemical composition. Although some chemical and thermochemical methods of PU foam recycling are known, their broader use is limited due to requirements related to the complexity and safety of their installation, thus implicating high costs. Therefore, material recycling poses a promising alternative. The incorporation of waste PU foams as fillers for polymer composites could make it possible to take advantage of their structure and performance. Herein, polypropylene-based composites that were highly filled with waste PU foam and modified using foaming agents were prepared and analyzed. Depending on the foam loading and the foaming agent applied, the apparent density of material was reduced by as much as 68%. The efficient development of a porous structure, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution computed micro-tomography, enabled a 64% decrease in the thermal conductivity coefficient. The foaming of the structure affected the mechanical performance of composites, resulting in a deterioration of their tensile and compressive performance. Therefore, developing samples of the analyzed composites with the desired performance would require identifying the proper balance between mechanical strength and economic, as well as ecological (share of waste material in composite, apparent density of material), considerations.

  • Ongoing Progress on Pervaporation Membranes for Ethanol Separation
    • Muhammad Imad
    • Roberto Castro Munoz
    2023 Pełny tekst Membranes

    Ethanol, a versatile chemical extensively employed in several fields, including fuel production, food and beverage, pharmaceutical and healthcare industries, and chemical manufacturing, continues to witness expanding applications. Consequently, there is an ongoing need for cost-effective and environmentally friendly purification technologies for this organic compound in both diluted (ethanol-water–) and concentrated solutions (water-ethanol–). Pervaporation (PV), as a membrane technology, has emerged as a promising solution offering significant reductions in energy and resource consumption during the production of high-purity components. This review aims to provide a panorama of the recent advancements in materials adapted into PV membranes, encompassing polymeric membranes (and possible blending), inorganic membranes, mixed-matrix membranes, and emerging two-dimensional-material membranes. Among these membrane materials, we discuss the ones providing the most relevant performance in separating ethanol from the liquid systems of water–ethanol and ethanol–water, among others. Furthermore, this review identifies the challenges and future opportunities in material design and fabrication techniques, and the establishment of structure–performance relationships. These endeavors aim to propel the development of next-generation pervaporation membranes with an enhanced separation efficiency.

  • Ontological Modeling for Contextual Data Describing Signals Obtained from Electrodermal Activity for Emotion Recognition and Analysis
    • Teresa Zawadzka
    • Tomasz Wierciński
    • Wojciech Waloszek
    • Michał Wróbel
    2023 Pełny tekst IEEE Access

    Most of the research in the field of emotion recognition is based on datasets that contain data obtained during affective computing experiments. However, each dataset is described by different metadata, stored in various structures and formats. This research can be counted among those whose aim is to provide a structural and semantic pattern for affective computing datasets, which is an important step to solve the problem of data reuse and integration in this domain. In our previous work, the ROAD ontology was introduced. This ontology was designed as a skeleton for expressing contextual data describing time series obtained in various ways from various signals and was focused on common contextual data, independent of specific signals. The aim of the presented research is to provide a carefully curated vocabulary for describing signals obtained from electrodermal activity, a very important subdomain of emotion analysis. We decided to present it as an extension to the ROAD ontology in order to offer means of sharing metadata for datasets in a unified and precise way. To meet this aim, the research methodology was defined, mostly focusing on requirements specification and integration with other existing ontologies. Application of this methodology resulted firstly in sharing the requirements to allow a broader discussion and secondly development of the EDA extension of the ROAD ontology, validated against the MAHNOB-HCI dataset. Both these results are very important with respect to the vast context of the work, i.e. providing an extendable framework for describing affective computing experiments. Introducing the methodology also opens the way for providing new extensions systematically just by executing the steps defined in the methodology.

  • Opinia dotycząca zasadności wykonanych robót hydrotechnicznych i sposobu zagospodarowania nieruchomości w kontekście wykorzystania jako morski port przeładunkowy.
    • Marcin Cudny
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    2023

    Opinię przygotowano na podstawie umowy zawartej w Gdyni w dniu 2 lutego 2023r. pomiędzy Gdynia Container Terminal Sp. z o.o. z siedzibą w Gdyni przy ul. Energetyków 5 oraz Politechniką Gdańską z siedzibą w Gdańsku ul. Narutowicza 11/12.

  • Opinia geotechniczna dotycząca analizy przyczyn powstania nadmiernych osiadań podłogi obiektu magazynowego zlokalizowanego przy ul. Hutniczej 48 w Gdyni.
    • Rafał Ossowski
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    • Waldemar Magda
    2023

    Opinię przygotowano na podstawie umowy nr 13/2023 zawartej w Gdyni w dniu 17 lipca 2023 r. pomiędzy Highgate Sp. z o.o. z siedzibą w Warszawie przy ul. Sienna 73 oraz Politechniką Gdańską z siedzibą w Gdańsku ul. Narutowicza 11/12. Nr archiwalny umowy WILiŚ/16/BZ/002/2023.

  • Opinia naukowo-techniczna dotycząca wyników badań statycznych i dynamicznych nośności pali prefabrykowanych wbijanych o wym. 40×40 cm podpór obiektów mostowych na budowie drogi ekspresowej S61, Ostrów Mazowiecka – Szczuczyn
    • Adam Krasiński
    • Andrzej Słabek
    2023

    Opiniowanie wyników badań nośności pali

  • Opinia techniczna dotycząca oceny przeprowadzonych robót ziemnych oraz przyjętych rozwiązań geotechnicznych w projekcie budowlanym w kontekście wpływu na podłoże gruntowe i obiekt budowlany działki sąsiedniej.
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    2023

    Celem opinii jest ocena wpływu robót ziemnych wykonywanych na działce nr 396 obręb 0019 położonej w Gdyni Małym Kacku, przy ul. Radomskiej 21, na pogorszenie stanu gruntu i możliwość wystąpienia awarii budynku położonego na działce nr 395 obręb 0019 w Gdyni Małym Kacku przy ul. Radomskiej 19. Opinia odnosi się również do rozwiązań geotechnicznych zawartych w projekcie budowlanym, które mogły mieć wpływ na zaistnienie sytuacji awaryjnych obiektów wokół zaprojektowanego budynku.

  • Optical method supported by machine learning for urinary tract infection detection and urosepsis risk assessment
    • Paweł Wityk
    • Patryk Sokołowski
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    • Kacper Cierpiak
    • Beata Krawczyk
    • Michał Markuszewski
    2023 Pełny tekst Journal of Biophotonics

    The study presents an optical method supported by machine learning for discriminating urinary tract infections from an infection capable of causing urosepsis. The method comprises spectra of spectroscopy measurement of artificial urine samples with bacteria from solid cultures of clinical E. coli strains. To provide a reliable classification of results assistance of 27 algorithms was tested. We proved that is possible to obtain up to 97% accuracy of the measurement method with the use of use of machine learning. The method was validated on urine samples from 241 patients. The advantages of the proposed solution are the simplicity of the sensor, mobility, versatility, and low cost of the test.

  • Optical rotation in the lithium triborate nonlinear crystal
    • Mykola Shopa
    • Nazar Ftomyn
    • Yaroslav Shopa
    2023 Journal of Applied Crystallography

    A dual-wavelength polarimetric technique at 633 and 661 nm has been used for the characterization of a nonlinear lithium triborate (LiB3O5) nonenantiomorphous biaxial crystal. The mismatch of the crystallographic and optical coordinate systems was taken into account. The optical rotatory power for light propagation along one of the optical axes is ρ = 7.06° mm−1. The gyration tensor component along the bisector between the x and y crystallographic axes has been measured as g12 = 4.31 × 10−5. Computed values based on the crystalline structure and electronic polarizabilities are in good agreement with those obtained experimentally.

  • Optimal Design of Transmitarray Antennas via Low-Cost Surrogate Modelling
    • Mehmet Belen
    • Alper Caliskan
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    • Peyman Mahouti
    2023 Pełny tekst Scientific Reports

    Over the recent years, reflectarrays and transmitarrays have been drawing a considerable attention due to their attractive features, including a possibility of realizing high gain and pencil-like radiation patterns without the employment of complex feeding networks. Among the two, transmitarrays seem to be superior over reflectarrays in terms of achieving high radiation efficiency without the feed blockage. Notwithstanding, the design process of transmitarrays is more intricate due to the necessity of manipulating both the transmission phase and magnitude of its unit elements. For reliability, the design process has to be conducted at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) models, which makes direct optimization prohibitive. The most widely used workaround is to employ surrogate modeling techniques to construct fast representations of the unit elements, yet the initial model setup cost is typically high and includes acquisition of thousands of training data points. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to cost-efficient design of transmitarrays. It is based on artificial-intelligence (AI)-enabled data-driven surrogates, which can be constructed using only a few hundreds of training data samples, while exhibiting the predictive power sufficient for reliable design. Our methodology is demonstrated by re-using the presented surrogate for the design of high-performance transmitarrays operating at various frequency ranges of 8-14 GHz, 22-28 GHz, and 28-36 GHz.

  • Optimal retrofit strategy using viscous dampers between adjacent RC and SMRFs prone to earthquake‑induced pounding
    • Neda Asgarkhani
    • Farzin Kazemi
    • Robert Jankowski
    2023 Pełny tekst Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

    Nowadays, retrofitting-damaged buildings is an important challenge for engineers. Finding the optimal placement of Viscous Dampers (VDs) between adjacent structures prone to earthquake-induced pounding can help designers to implement VDs with optimizing the cost of construction and achieving higher performance levels for both structures. In this research, the optimal placement of linear and nonlinear VDs between the 3-story, 5-story, and 9-story Steel and RC Moment-Resisting Frames (SMRFs and RC MRFs) is investigated. It is shown that the pounding phenomenon can significantly affect the seismic performance capacities of buildings during earthquakes, and using VDs can improve the seismic limit-state capacities of buildings for retrofitting purposes. For this goal, the seismic limit-state capacities of both colliding structures were assessed using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) assuming Near-fault Pulse-Like, Near-fault No-Pulse, and Far-Fault seismic records suggested by FEMA-P695. To perform IDAs, structures were modeled according to the seismic codes using a developed algorithm in Matlab and OpenSees software with the ability to remove a collapsed structure during the analysis. The results present an optimal placement for using VDs between structures and also compare the possible conditions to implement VDs. Using these results, engineers can approximately predict the seismic performance levels of both structures prone to earthquake-induced pounding and their final performance after retrofitting. Finally, retrofitting modification factors were proposed to help designers to predict the limit-state performance levels of retrofitted colliding structures without involving complicated and time-consuming analyses.

  • Optimisation of cooperation of hybrid renewable energy sources with hydrogen energy storage toward the lowest net present cost
    • Jakub Łukasik
    • Marcin Jewartowski
    • Jan Wajs
    2023 Pełny tekst Instal

    The paper presents the results of a technical and economic analysis of the power supply for a model industrial facility based on intermittent renewable energy sources in the form of wind turbines and photovoltaic modules, supplemented with hydrogen energy storage. The adopted power supply strategy assumed the maximisation of self-consumption of self-produced electricity. Six variants were considered, including two with an energy storage system, three using only RES, and a reference variant in which the model facility is powered by the power grid. The modelling and optimisation of the proposed variants was carried out in the HOMER software, in terms of the lowest net present cost. The results obtained indicate that the most advantageous configuration is a grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system consisting of wind turbines and a photovoltaic power plant. A system with hydrogen energy storage is much more profitable than powering the facility from the grid. The profitability of hydrogen energy storage increases even more with the projected increase in electricity prices and the falling prices of hydrogen system components.

  • Optimization and Modeling of Cr (VI) Removal from Tannery Wastewater onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Coffee Husk and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) as Activating Agent by Using Central Composite Design (CCD)
    • Worku Firomsa Kabeta
    • Temesgen Amibo
    • Surafel Mustafa Bayan
    • Abreham Bekele Bayu
    2023 Pełny tekst Journal of Environmental and Public Health

    The primary goal of this research is to lower the hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) concentration that has occurred from the growth of the tannery industry. As a result, the potential for heavy metal concentration is increasing day by day. Industrial effluent containing Cr (VI) contributes significantly to water pollution. Chromium hexavalent ion (Cr (VI)) in wastewater is extremely hazardous to the environment. It is critical to address such a condition using activated carbon derived from biomass. Adsorption is one of the most successful methods for removing hexavalent chromium from wastewater. Treated wastewater has no substantial environmental contamination consequences. The ash content, moisture content, volatile matter content, and fixed carbon content of wet coffee husk were 3.51, 10.85, 68.33, and 17.31, respectively. The physicochemical properties of coffee husk-based activated carbon (CHBAC) obtained during experimentation were pH, porosity, the yield of CHBAC, bulk density, point of zero charges, and specific surface area of 5.2, 58.4 percent, 60.1 percent, 0.71 g/mL, 4.19, and 1396 m2/g, respectively, indicating that CHBAC has a higher capacity as an adsorbent medium. For optimization purposes, the parameters ranged from pH (0.3–3.7), dose (2.3–5.7) , and contact time (0.3–3.7) hr. The quadratic models were chosen for optimization, and the value for the model was significant since it was less than 0.05, but the lack of fit model was inconsequential because it was more than 0.05. The optimum adsorption obtained with numerical optimization of Cr (VI) was 97.65 percent. This was obtained at a pH of 1.926, a dose of 4.209 g/L, and a contact time of 2.101 hours. This result was observed at a pH of 1.93, a dosage of 4.2 g/L, and a contact duration of 2.1 hours. The desirability obtained during numerical optimization was 1. Coffee husk-based activated carbon has a bigger surface area, and it has a stronger ability to absorb hexavalent chromium from tannery wastewater effluents.

  • Optimization of a Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction protocol for the isolation of six bisphenols from juice pouches to be analysed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector
    • Paweł Kubica
    • Natasa Kalogiouri
    • Abuzar Kabir
    • Kenneth G. Furton
    • Victoria F. Samanidou
    2023 JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A

    Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction (FPSE) combined with high pressure liquid chromatography using to diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was applied for the simultaneous determination of bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPS) in juice pouches. The FPSE procedure was optimized with regards to the critical parameters that affect the performance of the method including the selection of the FPSE membrane type and size, adsorption time, extraction time, solvent volume desorption, magnetic stirring ratio, and salt addition. The FPSE membrane could be reused up to 14 times. The developed FPSE-HPLC-DAD method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, accuracy andprecision. The limits of detection (LODs) were lower than 6.9 ng/mL, while the limits of quantification (LOQs) were lower than 21 ng/mL. The results obtained are satisfactory in terms of precision, accuracy and repeatability, with recoveries above 86% and CV values below 9.5%. The FPSE-HPLC-DAD method was successfully applied in the determination of six bisphenols in juice samples stored in pouches.

  • Optimization of adsorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution by magnetic CoFe2O4/ZnAl-layered double hydroxide composite using response surface methodology
    • Yiene Molla Desalegn
    • Endrias Adane Bekele
    • Temesgen Amibo
    • Temesgen Debelo Desissa
    2023 Pełny tekst Materials Research Express

    The CoFe2O4/ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite was successfully developed through a facile co-precipitation method, characterized, and applied as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solutions. The central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to estimate and optimize process variables such as initial MO concentrations, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. 98.878% adsorption efficiency was obtained at an initial concentration of 18.747 mg l−1 of MO, with an adsorbent dosage of 0.048 g, a solution pH of 2.770, and a contact time of 85.890 min. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the significance of the predicted model (R2 = 0.9844). Kinetic and equilibrium studies indicated that the experimental data for MO adsorption were best described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the CoFe2O4/ZnAl-LDH for MO was 42.3 mg g−1.

  • Optimization of Bread Production Using Neuro-Fuzzy Modelling
    • Tomasz Boiński
    • Julian Szymański
    2023

    Automation of food production is an actively researched domain. One of the areas, where automation is still not progressing significantly is bread making. The process still relies on expert knowledge regarding how to react to procedure changes depending on environmental conditions, quality of the ingredients, etc. In this paper, we propose an ANFIS-based model for changing the mixer speed during the kneading process. Although the recipes usually indicate the time for which the mixing should be done using slow and fast mixing speeds, however, it is the human, who makes the final decision as the mixers differ in terms of the mixing quality, speed, etc. Furthermore, unexpected differences in flour quality or room conditions can impact the time required to mix the ingredients. In the paper, different methods for fuzzy modeling are described and analyzed. The tested models are compared using both generated and real data and the best solution is presented.

  • Optimization of parallel implementation of UNRES package for coarse‐grained simulations to treat large proteins
    • Adam Sieradzan
    • Jordi Sans‐Duñó
    • Emilia Lubecka
    • Cezary Czaplewski
    • Agnieszka Lipska
    • Henryk Leszczyński
    • Krzysztof Ocetkiewicz
    • Jerzy Proficz
    • Paweł Czarnul
    • Henryk Krawczyk
    • Adam Liwo
    2023 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY

    We report major algorithmic improvements of the UNRES package for physics-based coarse-grained simulations of proteins. These include (i) introduction of interaction lists to optimize computations, (ii) transforming the inertia matrix to a pentadiagonal form to reduce computing and memory requirements, (iii) removing explicit angles and dihedral angles from energy expressions and recoding the most time-consuming energy/force terms to minimize the number of operations and to improve numerical stability, (iv) using OpenMP to parallelize those sections of the code for which distributed-memory parallelization involves unfavorable computing/communication time ratio, and (v) careful memory management to minimize simultaneous access of distant memory sections. The new code enables us to run molecular dynamics simulations of protein systems with size exceeding 100,000 amino-acid residues, reaching over 1 ns/day (1 μs/day in all-atom timescale) with 24 cores for proteins of this size. Parallel performance of the code and comparison of its performance with that of AMBER, GROMACS and MARTINI 3 is presented.

  • Optimization of the distance between the vertical plates in the convective air heat exchanger
    • Michał Ryms
    • Krzysztof Tesch
    • Witold Lewandowski
    2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES

    This paper examines the influence of the distance between vertical plates on the intensity of free convective heat transfer along with the optimization of this distance. Experimental tests were carried out for one model channel of such an heat exchanger with widths , 0.085 and 0.18 m. This channel, open at the top and sides, was formed by two isothermal symmetrically heated parallel vertical plates of dimensions m and m. The influence of the heating surface temperatures , 40, 50, 55, 60 and 70 °C on the convective temperature fields and velocity generated inside the channels was investigated. Directly measured temperature fields, as well as velocity fields measured indirectly using the NRP, enabled the thermodynamic parameters of the heat exchanger to be determined. Based on the temperature gradient distribution on the wall, its average value was determined for each of the plates and for the entire channel, after which the heat flux transferred from the plates was calculated. The heat flux transferred with the air and the efficiency of heat transfer in the channel were determined using the balance method based on the average temperatures and air velocities at the inlet and and at the outlet and of the channel obtained from the temperature and velocity fields. A grid placed vertically in the channel, halfway across the panel width and perpendicular to the heating surfaces was used to detect the temperature field in air. The image and matrix of these temperatures were determined using a thermal imaging camera. The numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) was used to determine the velocity field.

  • Optimization of the femtosecond laser impulse for excitation and the Spin-Orbit mediated dissociation in the NaRb Dimer
    • Jan Kozicki
    • Patryk Jasik
    • Tymon Kilich
    • Józef Sienkiewicz
    2023 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER

    We study the dynamics of multiple coupled states under the influence of an arbitrary time-dependent external field to investigate the femtosecond laser-driven excitation and the spin-orbit mediated dissociation in the NaRb dimer. In this process, the dimer is excited from the ground triplet state 1^3Sigma+ to the 1^3Pi state using the femtosecond laser impulse and the spin-orbit coupling between the 1^3Pi and 2^1Sigma+ states results in the singlet-triplet transition. The laser impulse parameters are optimised to obtain maximum yield in electronic states correlating with the first excited atomic asymptote. We observe the detailed population statistics and power-law decay of these states. Finally, the analysis of the population oscillations allows us to determine the optimal time delay for dumping the molecule to its absolute ground state.

  • Optimization of the Hardware Layer for IoT Systems using a Trust Region Method with Adaptive Forward Finite Differences
    • Adrian Bekasiewicz
    2023 Pełny tekst IEEE Internet of Things Journal

    Trust-region (TR) algorithms represent a popular class of local optimization methods. Owing to straightforward setup and low computational cost, TR routines based on linear models determined using forward finite differences (FD) are often utilized for performance tuning of microwave and antenna components incorporated within the Internet of Things systems. Despite usefulness for design of complex structures, performance of TR methods vastly depends on the quality of FD-based local models. The latter are normally identified from perturbations determined a priori using either rules-of-thumb, or as a result of manual tuning. In this work, a framework for automatic determination of FD steps and their adjustment between the TR algorithm iterations is proposed. The method involves numerical optimization of perturbations so as to equalize the objective function changes w.r.t. the center design to the desirable precision. To maintain acceptable cost, the FD-tuning procedure is executed using the same approximation model as the one exploited in the course of the structure optimization. The proposed framework has been tested on a total of twelve design problems. Furthermore, the presented method has been thoroughly validated against TR-algorithms with static, a priori selected perturbations. Numerical results indicate that the proposed framework provides up to 50% performance improvement (in terms of the optimized designs quality) compared to the state-of-the-art TR-based approaches. Usefulness of the proposed method for the real-world Internet of Things systems has been implicitly demonstrated through utilization of one of the optimized structures in a hardware layer of a real-time localization system.

  • Optimization of the System for Determining the Volume of Tissue Needed for Breast Reconstruction
    • Julia Czałpińska
    • Andżelika Janicka
    • Jakub Rzepkowski
    • Mariusz Kaczmarek
    • Tomasz Kocejko
    • Jo Kang-Hyun
    2023

    This article presents techniques for reconstructing surfaces and volume calculations using a point cloud generated from 3D imaging. The main objective of this article was to optimize the voxel size for the most accurate representation of the surface of the female breast. We experimented with different methods for determining volume using images from the Intel D435i camera. In addition, we designed application and measurement station tailored specifically to the clinical requirements. Ultimately, our results show that 3D imaging systems can effectively determine breast volume for surgical procedures.

  • Optimization of vortex-assisted hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid phase microextraction for quantification of niclosamide in real samples
    • Nail Altunay
    • Roberto Castro Munoz
    • Hameed Haq
    2023 FOOD CHEMISTRY

    In this manuscript, a green and fast vortex-assisted hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid phase microextraction (VA-HMDES-DLPME) method was developed for the selective extraction and determination of niclosamide in read samples, including rice, medicine tablets, and water samples. Here, hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvents were used as the extracting solvent without requiring any centrifugation step. In the light of preliminary experiments, important parameters, such as volume of extraction solvent, pH, acetonitrile volume and vortex time, affecting the extraction efficiency of niclosamide were optimized using a Box–Behnken design. The linear dynamic range (0.25–120 µg/L), the limit of detection (0.08 µg/L), the limit of quantitation (0.25 µg/L), preconcentration factor (1 8 0), and enrichment factor (1 3 0) of the method were determined using optimized data. In particular, the validation parameters of the optimized VA-HMDES-DLPME, including robustness, matrix effect accuracy, and precision, were investigated. In addition to this, intra- and inter-day precisions were determined as ≤3.5 % and ≤4.1%, respectively. Finally, the optimized method was successfully used for the extraction of niclosamide in the selected samples prior to spectrophotometric analysis.

  • Optimized Computational Intelligence Model for Estimating the Flexural Behavior of Composite Shear Walls
    • Masoomeh Mirrashid
    • Hosein Naderpour
    • Denise-Penelope N. Kontoni
    • Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska
    • Robert Jankowski
    • Tan N. Nguyen
    2023 Pełny tekst Buildings

    This article presents a novel approach to estimate the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete-filled composite plate shear walls using an optimized computational intelligence model. The proposed model was developed and validated based on 47 laboratory data points and the Transit Search (TS) optimization algorithm. Using 80% of the experimental dataset, the optimized model was selected by determining the unknown coefficients of the network-based computational structure. The remaining 20% of the data was used to evaluate the accuracy of the model, and the best-performing structure was selected. Furthermore, the final neural network details were subjected to statistical analysis to extract a user-friendly formula, making it easier to apply in practice. The proposed ANN model and the proposed user-friendly formula were then compared with the AISC 341-16 and experimental results and demonstrated their efficacy in predicting the flexural behavior of composite shear walls. Overall, the proposed approach provides a more reliable and efficient framework for estimating the flexural behavior of composite shear walls.

  • Optimized Deep Learning Model for Flood Detection Using Satellite Images
    • Andrzej Stateczny
    • Hirald Dwaraka Praveena
    • Ravikiran Hassan Krishnappa
    • Kanegonda Ravi Chythanya
    • Beenarani Balakrishnan Babysarojam
    2023 Pełny tekst Remote Sensing

    The increasing amount of rain produces a number of issues in Kerala, particularly in urban regions where the drainage system is frequently unable to handle a significant amount of water in such a short duration. Meanwhile, standard flood detection results are inaccurate for complex phenomena and cannot handle enormous quantities of data. In order to overcome those drawbacks and enhance the outcomes of conventional flood detection models, deep learning techniques are extensively used in flood control. Therefore, a novel deep hybrid model for flood prediction (DHMFP) with a combined Harris hawks shuffled shepherd optimization (CHHSSO)-based training algorithm is introduced for flood prediction. Initially, the input satellite image is preprocessed by the median filtering method. Then the preprocessed image is segmented using the cubic chaotic map weighted based k-means clustering algorithm. After that, based on the segmented image, features like difference vegetation index (DVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), modified transformed vegetation index (MTVI), green vegetation index (GVI), and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) are extracted. The features are subjected to a hybrid model for predicting floods based on the extracted feature set. The hybrid model includes models like CNN (convolutional neural network) and deep ResNet classifiers. Also, to enhance the prediction performance, the CNN and deep ResNet models are fine-tuned by selecting the optimal weights by the combined Harris hawks shuffled shepherd optimization (CHHSSO) algorithm during the training process. This hybrid approach decreases the number of errors while improving the efficacy of deep neural networks with additional neural layers. From the result study, it clearly shows that the proposed work has obtained sensitivity (93.48%), specificity (98.29%), accuracy (94.98%), false negative rate (0.02%), and false positive rate (0.02%) on analysis. Furthermore, the proposed DHMFP–CHHSSO displays better performances in terms of sensitivity (0.932), specificity (0.977), accuracy (0.952), false negative rate (0.0858), and false positive rate (0.036), respectively.

  • Optimized photodegradation of palm oil agroindustry waste effluent using multivalent manganese–modified black titanium dioxide
    • Rab Nawaz
    • Sajjad Haider
    • Muzammil Anjum
    • Vipin Kumar Oad
    • Adnan Haider
    • Rawaiz Khan
    • Muhammad Aqif
    • Tahir Hanif
    • Nasruulah Khan
    2023 Pełny tekst ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

    This article presents a methodological approach to use manganese (Mn3+Mn7+)-modified black titanium dioxide (Mn/BTiO2) as a photocatalyst to optimize and improve visible-light-driven photodegradation of treated agro-industrial effluent (TPOME). A modified wet chemical process was used to prepare BTiO2. The BTiO2 was then wet impregnated with Mn and calcined at 300 °C for 1 h to produce Mn/BTiO2. The activity of Mn/BTiO2 was investigated in terms of photo-assisted elimination of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenolic compounds (PCs), color, and total organic carbon (TOC). Using the design of experiments (DOE), the conditions of the photocatalytic process, including photocatalyst loading, Mn concentration, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dose, and irradiation time, were optimized. Under the optimum conditions (0.85 g/L photocatalyst loading, 0.048 mol/L H2O2 dose, 0.301 wt.% Mn concentration, and 204 min irradiation time) COD, PCs, color, and TOC removal efficiencies of 88.87%, 86.04%, 62.8%, and 84.66%, respectively, were obtained. Statistical analysis showed that the response variable’s removal from TPOME estimation had high R2 and low RMSE, MSE, MAD, MAE, and MAPE values, indicating high reliability. This study demonstrated the significant potential of the developed photocatalytic system for the treatment of waste effluent generated by the palm oil industry and other agro-industries, with the ability to simultaneously reduce a number of organic pollution indicators (OPIs).

  • Optimizing Medical Personnel Speech Recognition Models Using Speech Synthesis and Reinforcement Learning
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    2023 Pełny tekst Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

    Text-to-Speech synthesis (TTS) can be used to generate training data for building Automatic Speech Recognition models (ASR). Access to medical speech data is because it is sensitive data that is difficult to obtain for privacy reasons; TTS can help expand the data set. Speech can be synthesized by mimicking different accents, dialects, and speaking styles that may occur in a medical language. Reinforcement Learning (RL), in the context of ASR, can be used to optimize a model based on specific goals. A model can be trained to minimize errors in speech-to-text transcription, especially for technical medical terminology. In this case, the "reward" to the RL model can be negatively proportional to the number of transcription errors. The paper presents a method and experimental study from which it is concluded that the combination of TTS and RL can enable the creation of a speech recognition model that is better suited to the specific needs of medical personnel, helping to expand the training data and optimize the model to minimize transcription errors. The learning process used reward functions based on Mean Opinion Score (MOS), a subjective metric for assessing speech quality, and Word Error Rate (WER), which evaluates the quality of speech-to-text transcription.

  • Optimum Choice of Randomly Oriented Carbon Nanotube Networks for UV-Assisted Gas Sensing Applications
    • Katarzyna Drozdowska
    • Adil Rehman
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Aleksandra Krajewska
    • Bartlomiej Stonio
    • Pavlo Sai
    • Aleksandra Przewłoka
    • Maciej Filipiak
    • Krystian Pavłov
    • Grzegorz Cywinski
    • Dmitry V. Lyubchenko
    • Sergey Rumyantsev
    2023 Pełny tekst ACS Sensors

    We investigated the noise and photoresponse characteristics of various optical transparencies of nanotube networks to identify an optimal randomly oriented network of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based devices for UV-assisted gas sensing applications. Our investigation reveals that all of the studied devices demonstrate negative photoconductivity upon exposure to UV light. Our studies confirm the effect of UV irradiation on the electrical properties of CNT networks and the increased photoresponse with decreasing UV light wavelength. We also extend our analysis to explore the lowfrequency noise properties of different nanotube network transparencies. Our findings indicate that devices with higher nanotube network transparencies exhibit lower noise levels. We conduct additional measurements of noise and resistance in an ethanol and acetone gas environment, demonstrating the high sensitivity of higher-transparent (lower-density) nanotube networks. Overall, our results indicate that lower-density nanotube networks hold significant promise as a viable choice for UV-assisted gas sensing applications.