2017 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Accurate rolling resistance Rolling resistance measurements can be influenced by a number of factors
- Jerzy Ejsmont
- Grzegorz Ronowski
- Beata Świeczko-Żurek
2017 Pełny tekst Tire Technology International
Tire rolling resistance is one of the most difficult-to-measure parameters of the tire/ pavement interface, especially if road measurements are required. First of all, it is necessary to measure a fairly small force in the system that is heavily loaded by other forces and subjected to many adverse effects causing measurement errors. The second problem is related to the fact that tire rolling resistance depends on many factors, such as temperature, which are difficult to control outside the laboratory. The Technical University of Gdańsk (TUG) performs tire rolling resistance measurements both in the laboratory using the drum method and on the road using the R2 Mk.2 test trailer. Typical laboratory measurements (for example, measurements performed according to ISO standards) are executed on smooth steel drums or on drums covered with Safety Walk material, which has a very fine texture. This is the most important drawback of the drum method as deflections of the tread elements are very different on smooth steel than they are on typical, ‘real’ road surfaces such as SMA or PCC. On top of this, the curvature of the drum makes the footprint of the tire and deflection of its elements very different from that on a typical flat road.
Acetate-Induced Disassembly of Spherical Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters into Monodispersed Core−Shell Structures upon Nanoemulsion Fusion
- Ahmet Kertmen
- Pau Torruella
- Emerson Coy
- Luis Yate
- Grzegorz Nowaczyk
- Jacek Gapiński
- Carmen Vogt
- Muhammet Toprak
- Sonia Estrade
- Francesca Peiro
- Sławomir Milewski
- Stefan Jurga
- Ryszard Andruszkiewicz
2017 Pełny tekst LANGMUIR
It has been long known that the physical encapsulation of oleic acid-capped iron oxide nanoparticles (OA−IONPs) with the etyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) surfactant induces the formation of spherical iron oxide nanoparticle clusters (IONPCs). However, the behavior and functional properties of IONPCs in chemical reactions have been largely neglected and are still not well-understood. Herein, we report an unconventional ligand-exchange function of IONPCs activated when dispersed in an ethyl acetate/acetate buffer system. The ligand exchange can successfully transform hydrophobic OA−IONP building blocks of IONPCs into highly hydrophilic, acetate-capped iron oxide nanoparticles (Ac−IONPs). More importantly, we demonstrate that the addition of silica precursors (tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) to the acetate/oleate ligand exchange reaction of the IONPs induces the disassembly of the IONPCs into monodispersed iron oxide−acetate−silica core−shell−shell (IONPs@acetate@SiO2) nanoparticles. Our observations evidence that the formation of IONPs@acetate@SiO2 nanoparticles is initiated by a unique micellar fusion mechanism between the Pickering-type emulsions of IONPCs and nanoemulsions of silica precursors formed under ethyl acetate buffered conditions. A dynamic rearrangement of the CTA+−oleate bilayer on the IONPC surfaces is proposed to be responsible for the templating process of the silica shells around the individual IONPs. In comparison to previously reported methods in the literature, our work provides a much more detailed experimental evidence of the silica-coating mechanism in a nanoemulsion system. Overall, ethyl acetate is proven to be a very efficient agent for an effortless preparation of monodispersed IONPs@acetate@SiO2 and hydrophilic Ac−IONPs from IONPCs.
Acoustic imaging of selected areas of Gdansk Bay with the aid of parametric echosounder and side-scan sonar
- Grażyna Grelowska
- Eugeniusz Kozaczka
- Wojciech Szymczak
2017 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The article presents and analyses the data recorded during sounding of the Gdansk Bay seabed with the aid of a parametric echosounder and a side-scan sonar. The accuracy of seabed structure examination, as a condition for obtaining valuable results, requires correct configuration of echolocation devices and proper calibration of peripheral devices, such as the survey unit geographical position sensor – GPS, the navigation unit, the MRU-Z sensor of pitch, roll and heave, and the sound velocity meter, which deliver the data to the bathymetric measurement system. Parametric seabed profilers deliver two types of data: the envelope, and the detailed echo signal without processing. The envelope is used for data visualisation in the form of online echograms, while the echo signal is stored for further analyses, to be performed using dedicated software or, after relevant conversion, in arbitrary programming environment1. The presented data analysis is illustrated by selected sample images recorded by the parametric echosounder and the side-scan sonar during Gdansk Bay sounding.
Acoustical images of the Gulf of Gdansk
- Eugeniusz Kozaczka
- Grażyna Grelowska
2017
Acoustic images of seabed are of interest to specialists in the field of marine engineering, marine navigation, marine archeology, hydrogeology, etc. New technolo gies based on use of elastic waves, predominantly acoustic waves that allow detecting complexity of geometric forms of seabed, ensure progress in studying the bathymetric structure of seafloor. Use of parametric sources of waves generated by nonlinear in teraction of collinear acoustic beams of little different frequencies is one of the most important factors allowing the study of the surface structure of a bottom. The paper presents the results of investigations performed in situ, for the same areas of interest, using multibeam sonar, side scan sonar and parametric sonar.
Activating Public Space: How to Promote Physical Activity in Urban Environment
- Małgorzata Kostrzewska
2017 Pełny tekst IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Physical activity is an essential component of a healthy lifestyle. The quality and equipment of urban public space plays an important role in promoting physical activity among people (residents, tourists). In order for recreation and sports activities to be undertaken willingly, in a safe and comprehensive manner, certain spatial conditions and requirements must be met. The distinctive feature of contemporary large cities is the disappearance of local, neighbourly relations, and the consequent loneliness, alienation, and atomization of the residents. Thus, the design of public spaces should be an expression of the values of social inclusion and integration. A properly designed urban space would encourage people to leave their homes and integrate, also by undertaking different forms of physical activities. This, in turn, can lead to raising the quality of the space, especially in the context of its "familiarization" and "domestication". The aim of the research was to identify the architectural and urban features of the public spaces of contemporary cities that can contribute to the promotion of physical activity. The paper presents the research results and the case studies of such spatial solutions and examples of good practices, which invite residents to undertake different forms of physical activities in public spaces. The issue of the integrating, inclusionary, and social function of physical recreation and sport is discussed as well, and so are the possibilities of translating these values into physical characteristics of an urban space. The main conclusions are that taking into account the diverse needs of different social groups, participation in the design and construction process, aesthetic and interesting design, vicinity of the residence, open access for all age groups and the disabled would be the most important spatial determinants of a properly designed, physically activating public space. Strategies of planning the sports and recreation infrastructure should also make sure of their multifunctionality and variability in time to adjust it to the changing needs of the residents.
Active Dynamic Thermography in Medical Diagnostics
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Antoni Zbigniew Nowakowski
2017
This is an overview of active thermal imaging methods in medical diagnostics using external thermal stimulation. In this chapter, several clinical cases diagnosed using the active dynamic thermography method, ADT, are presented. Features of this technology are discussed and main advantages underlined. Applications in skin burn diagnostics and quantitative evaluation leading to modern classification of burned patients for further treatment are shown. Also the use of thermal imaging in cardiosurgery is discussed. A method of quantitative evaluation of the healing progress of post-cardiosurgery wounds is presented. The ADT method gives quantitative description of thermal structural data, supplementing well-established static thermal imaging that carry functional physiological information. Combination of both modalities supports the idea of modern multimodality approach in medical diagnostics.
Active dynamic thermography method for TRAM flap blood perfusion mapping in breast reconstruction
- Mateusz Moderhak
- Szymon Kołacz
- Jerzy Jankau
- Tomasz Juchniewicz
2017 Pełny tekst QIRT Journal
This paper presents the new method of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap blood perfusion mapping based on the active dynamic thermography. The method is aimed at aiding a surgeon during breast reconstruction procedure. A pair of dTnorm and t90_10 parameters were used as parametric image descriptors of the flap blood perfusion. The method was tested on 38 patients that were subjected to breast reconstruction procedure. This showed that, comparing to the static thermography, this is potentially an objective and effective method of skin flap perfusion assessment that can be performed in the operating room.
Acute hypoxia diminishes the relationship between blood pressure and subarachnoid space width oscillations at the human cardiac frequency
- Magdalena Wszędybył-Winklewska
- Jacek Wolf
- Ewa Świerblewska
- Katarzyna Kunicka
- Agnieszka Gruszecka
- Marcin Gruszecki
- Wiesława Kucharska
- Paweł J. Winklewski
- Joanna Zabulewicz
- Wojciech Gumiński
- Michał Pietrewicz
- Andrzej F. Frydrychowski
- Leszek Bieniaszewski
- Krzysztof Narkiewicz
- Krzysztof Narkiewicz
2017 Pełny tekst PLOS ONE
Acute hypoxia exerts strong effects on the cardiovascular system. Heart-generated pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid motion is recognised as a key factor ensuring brain homeostasis. We aimed to assess changes in heart-generated coupling between blood pressure and subarachnoid space width oscillations during hypoxic exposure.
Adaptacyjna metoda zarządzania zasobami multipleksu w radiofonii cyfrowej DAB+
- Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
- Jacek Stefański
2017 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję adaptacyjnej metody zarządzania zasobami multipleksu w radiofonii cyfrowej DAB+. Dokonano analizy profilu programów radiowych na podstawie treści realizowanych audycji. Omówiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych dla czterech multipleksów o odmiennej konfiguracji i zawartości programów. Przedstawiono koncepcję demonstratora technologicznego, w pełni kompatybilnego ze standardem DAB+.
ADAPTATION OF THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE TO THE DIGESTATE LIQUORS DURING THE NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION PROCESSES
- Joanna Majtacz
- Przemysław Kowal
- Lu Xi
- Hussein Al-Hazmi
- Jacek Mąkinia
2017 Pełny tekst Journal of Ecological Engineering
The activated sludge process of the digestate liquors after chemical separation was conducted using a 10 L lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and a 0.50 m3 pilotscale SBR independently (with pH control). Due to the relatively high concentration of free ammonia (FA), clear inhibitory effects of the digestate liquors on the nitrifying bacteria were observed. The adaptation of the activated sludge to the toxicity was evaluated with the trends of ammonia uptake rate (AUR) and nitrate utilization rate (NUR). The lab-scale AUR values decreased from 5.3 to 2.6 g N/(kg VSS·h) over time after the addition of digestate liquors (5–10% of the reactor working volume), indicating an apparent FA inhibition on the nitrification process in the FA concentration range of 0.3–0.5 mg N/L. The pilot-scale AUR values increased from 1.8 to 3.6 g N/ (kg VSS·h) in the first two weeks and then decreased to 2.4 g N/(kg VSS·h), showing a lag of the inhibition on the nitrifying bacteria at the FA concentration ≈ 0.15 mg N/L. The lab-scale NURs increased from 2.6 to 10.4 g N/(kg VSS·h) over time, and the pilot-scale NURs increased from 1.0 to 4.0 g N/(kg VSS·h) in a similar pattern. The clear dependence of both the lab- and pilot-scale NURs on time indicated the adaptation of the heterotrophic biomass to the digestate liquors. Ethanol – used instead of fusel oil – was found to be a more efficient external carbon source for better adaptation of the activated sludge under unfavorable conditions.
Adaptive Multiplex Resource Allocation Method for DAB+ Broadcast System
- Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
2017
In this paper an adaptive multiplex resource allocation method for the DAB+ broadcast system is presented. An analysis of content transmitted over different radio programs with respect to their profile is discussed. Simulation results of an adaptive multiplexer, as well as the technological demonstrator, fully compatible with the DAB+ standard, are described. The concept is verified by a subjective quality assessment study of real-time broadcasted radio programs.
Adding Intelligence to Cars Using the Neural Knowledge DNA
- Haoxi Zhang
- Fei Li
- Juan Wang
- Lei Shi
- Cesar Sanín
- Edward Szczerbicki
2017 Pełny tekst CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS
In this paper we propose a Neural Knowledge DNA based framework that is capable of learning from the car’s daily operation. The Neural Knowledge DNA is a novel knowledge representation and reasoning approach designed to support discovering, storing, reusing, improving, and sharing knowledge among machines and computing devices. We examine our framework for drivers' classification based on their driving behaviour. The experimental data is collected via smart-phone sensors. The initial results are presented and the direction for our future research is defined.
ADMINISTRACYJNE I PODATKOWE MECHANIZMY WSPARCIA ZAKUPU I EKSPLOATACJI SAMOCHODÓW ELEKTRYCZNYCH W POLSCE I INNYCH KRAJACH EUROPEJSKICH = Administrative and taxation mechanisms to support the purchase and maintenance of electric vehicles on the example of selected european countries
- Piotr Kasprzak
- Robert Sterniński
2017 Pełny tekst Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne/ Economic and Regional Studies
Przedmiot i cel pracy: Celem artykułu jest przegląd obecnie stosowanych mechanizmów wsparcia zakupu samochodów elektrycznych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ulg i zwolnień podatkowych. Materiały i metody: W artykule zastosowano metodę badawczą polegającą na przeglądzie literatury, przepisów prawa oraz raportów branżowych dotyczących opisywanego zagadnienia. Wyniki: Autorzy przeanalizowali rynek samochodów elektrycznych na świecie ze wskazaniem państw, w których znacząco zwiększył się udział tego typu pojazdów w liczbie samochodów ogółem. Ponadto zaprezentowane zostały aktualnie stosowane ulgi i inne preferencje na zakup samochodów elektrycznych w państwach europejskich oraz przedstawiono udogodnienia dla potencjalnych nabywców samochodów elektrycznych planowane do wprowadzenia w Polsce. Wnioski: Istotnym dla nabywców kryterium przy decyzji o zakupie pojazdu pozostaje opłacalność ekonomiczna. Koszty nabycia i eksploatacji samochodu elektrycznego aktualnie przewyższają koszty konieczne do poniesienia w przypadku pojazdów spalinowych. Jednak organy UE oraz władze poszczególnych krajów europejskich prowadzą działania na rzecz zwiększenia popularności samochodów elektrycznych, oferując ulgi podatkowe i inne preferencje, których efekty są widoczne.
Advanced oxidation treatment of Pentoxifylline in aqueous solution
- Beata Kamińska
- Anna Skwierawska
- Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo
- Renata Tomczak-Wandzel
- Agnieszka Pazik
- Koleta Majewska
2017 Pełny tekst Environment Protection Engineering
The degradation of pentoxifylline (PTX) using H2O2, UV, H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo- Fenton processes has been examined in aqueous solution. The influence of various amount of oxidation agent on H2O2, H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions were investigated. Initial PTX concentration in Fenton and photo-Fenton was considerated. The addition of inorganic ions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and CO32-) on the degradation efficiency of PTX were tested for H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo-Fenton rocesses. The results indicate that the photo-Fenton reaction is the most sufficient for PTX removal. The complete pharmaceutics decomposition is achieved after 5 min under optimized concentration of FeSO4·7H2O and H2O2. The degradation of PTX is inhibited in the presence of inorganic matter in H2O2/UV and Fenton reaction. In the photo-Fenton process addition of above compounds does not affect the reaction rate. Structures of nine products of photo-Fenton reaction have been proposed.
Advanced polarization sensitive analysis in optical coherence tomography
- Aleksandra Wieloszyńska
- Marcin Strąkowski
2017
The optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging method, which is widely applied in variety applications. This technology is used to cross-sectional or surface imaging with high resolution in non-contact and non-destructive way. OCT is very useful in medical applications like ophthalmology, dermatology or dentistry, as well as beyond biomedical fields like stress mapping in polymers or protective coatings defects detection. Standard OCT imaging is based on intensity images which can visualize the inner structure of scattering devices. However, there is a number of extensions improving the OCT measurement abilities. The main of them are the polarization sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), Doppler enable OCT (D-OCT) or spectroscopic OCT (S-OCT). Our research activities have been focused on PS-OCT systems. The polarization sensitive analysis delivers an useful information about optical anisotropic properties of the evaluated sample. This kind of measurements is very important for inner stress monitoring or e.g. tissue recognition. Based on our research results and knowledge the standard PS-OCT provide only data about birefringence of the measured sample. However, based on the OCT measurements more information including depolarization and diattenuation might be obtained. In our work, the method based on Jones formalism are going to be presented. It is used to determine birefringence, dichroism and optic axis orientation of the tested sample. In this contribution the setup of the optical system, as well as tests results verifying the measurements abilities of the system are going to be presented. The brief discussion about the effectiveness and usefulness of this approach will be carried out.
Aesthetic perception of steel-glass architecture in Japan
- Ewa Maria Kido
- Zbigniew Cywiński
2017 Pełny tekst STAHLBAU
Aesthetic perception of steel-glass architecture in Japan
Ageing of Society — Local Disparities. Classification of the Pomorskie Voivodship Communes According to the Pace and Progress of Local Communities’ Ageing
- Anita Richert-Kaźmierska
2017 Pełny tekst Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy
The article deals with the issues of local disparities in the field of advancement and pace of demographic ageing. The subjects of the research were communes of the Pomorskie Voivodship. The purpose of the article — i.e., diagnosing and assessing the progress and pace of ageing of local communities in all 123 communes of the Pomorskie Voivodship, was achieved using a combination of traditional measures of ageing: age factor, the rate of double ageing, median age and the old age dependency ratio. In addition, grouping of the surveyed communes based on the criterion of progress and pace of population ageing was proposed. The results of the conducted analyses may be of practical use — they can be used by the commune and county governments, as well as by the regional government of the Pomorskie Voivodship to optimize the activities within the framework of development policies in view of the current demographic changes.
Agile Commerce in the light of Text Mining
- Anna Baj-Rogowska
2017 Pełny tekst Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie
The survey conducted for this study reveals that more than 84% of respondents have never encountered the term “agile commerce” and do not understand its meaning. At the same time, they are active participants of this strategy. Using digital channels as customers more often than ever before, they have already been included in the agile philosophy. Based on the above, the purpose of the study is to analyse major text sets containing the “agile commerce” term, using the text data mining methods and tools. Data for analyses were sourced through creating an “agile commerce” query on websites with English as the content language. The texts retrieved in this way were used for building a corpus of documents. As a result of the corpus text exploration, words appearing most frequently in association with the agile commerce concept were separated and their most typical contexts were identified. The mining of unstructured data – the text mining process – revealed the essential meaning of the term being studied, while exploring knowledge from large information resources.
Agile Methods In Formation of Metropolis Neighbourhood
- Joanna Małuj
- Daniel Załuski
2017
A study of the zone adjoining the metropolis area of Tricity (Poland) was conducted on the basis of analyses of changes in spatial development, outline planning decisions and local plans of spatial development. Localities placed at several dozen kilometres from strongly urbanized areas do not constitute metropolis outskirts. The vicinity of large urban centres is an obstacle to the development of localities as self-sufficient units attractive to live in. The future of these localities is multifold, smooth and generally hard to define. In these localities local plans of spatial development fail, being the key planning document regulating spatial development in Poland. Having been drawn up, these plans work for many years, hampering innovative investments, and their amendments require undertaking long-lasting procedures. The pace and character of changes occurring in the zones around the metropolis area generate a need to continuously amend local plans of spatial development. Repeatedly regulations prove incompliant with the needs of the local community, in particular with regard to investment and development areas. Urban planning processes call for ongoing analysis, and subsequently implementation of enhanced regulations. The designing methods applied in the field of IT, called Agile methodologies, meet the said problematic issues. In localities of an unclear direction of development introduction of flexible urban planning processes based on the Agile methods may constitute a positive alternative to classical town planning regulations frequently implementing planning premises not suited to rapidly changing needs and deepening errors resulting from decisions taken in unspecified economic conditions.
Agresywne planowanie podatkowe a klauzula obejścia prawa podatkowego
- Wojciech Wyrzykowski
- Paulina Dębniak
2017 Pełny tekst Przedsiębiorstwo we współczesnej gospodarce - teoria i praktyka
Przedsiębiorstwa, a zwłaszcza te funkcjonujące na rynku międzynarodowym, coraz częściej zwracają uwagę na ekonomiczne skutki opodatkowania i możliwości obniżenia obciążeń podatkowych tworząc w tym celu kompleksowe plany świadomego ograniczenia opodatkowania. Wzrastająca rola przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych przyczyniła się do zapoczątkowania szeregu inicjatyw, które miały na celu zabezpieczenie krajowych systemów podatkowych przed tak wielką skalą utraty wpływów podatkowych spowodowanych agresywnym planowaniem podatkowym. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie pojęcia agresywnego planowania podatkowego, ukazanie jego istoty i instrumentów oraz omówienie istoty i przewidywanych skutków klauzuli obejścia prawa podatkowego w Polsce.