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Polynomial Chaos Expansion in Bio-and Structural Mechanics
- Katarzyna Szepietowska
2022
This monograph presents a probabilistic approach to modelling the mechanics of materials and structures where the modelled performance is influenced by uncertainty in the input parameters. The work is interdisciplinary and the methods described are applied to medical and civil engineering problems. The motivation for this work was the necessity of mechanics-based approaches in the modelling and simulation of implants used in the repair of ventral hernias. Many uncertainties appear in the modelling of the implant-abdominal wall system. The probabilistic approach proposed in this monograph enables these uncertainties to be propagated to the output of the model and the investigation of their respective influences. The regression-based polynomial chaos expansion method is used here. However, the accuracy of such non-intrusive methods depends on the number and location of sampling points. Finding a universal method to achieve a good balance between accuracy and computational cost is still an open question so different approaches are investigated in this monograph in order to choose an efficient method. Global sensitivity analysis is used to investigate the respective influences of input uncertainties on the variation of the outputs of different models. The uncertainties are propagated to the implant-abdominal wall models in order to draw some conclusions important for further research. Using the expertise acquired from biomechanical models, modelling of historic timber joints and simulations of their mechanical behaviour is undertaken. Such an investigation is important owing to the need for efficient planning of repairs and renovation of buildings of historical value.
Polysaccharide-based electroconductive hydrogels: Structure, properties and biomedical applications
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Payam Zarrintaj
- Farzad Seidi
- Mohammad Saeb
- Masoud Mozafari
2022 CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Architecting an appropriate platform for biomedical applications requires setting a balance between simplicity and complexity. Polysaccharides (PSAs) play essential roles in our life in food resources, structural materials, and energy storage capacitors. Moreover, the diversity and abundance of PSAs have made them an indispensable part of food ingredients and cosmetics. PSA-based hydrogels have been extensively reviewed in biomedical applications. These hydrogels can be designed in different forms to show optimum performance. For instance, electroactive PSA-based hydrogels respond under an electric stimulus. Such performance can be served in stimulus drug release and determining cell fate. This review classifies and discusses the structure, properties, and applications of the most important polysaccharide-based electroactive hydrogels (agarose, alginate, chitosan, cellulose, and dextran) in medicine, focusing on their usage in tissue engineering, flexible electronics, and drug delivery applications.
Polysaccharide-based Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review
- Hanieh Shokrani
- Amirhossein Shokrani
- S. Mohammad Sajadi
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Farzad Seidi
- Maryam Jouyandeh
- Payam Zarrintaj
- Saptarshi Kar
- Seokjhin Kim
- Tairong Kuang
- Navid Rabiee
- Aleksander Hejna
- Mohammad Saeb
- Seeram Ramakrishna
2022 Pełny tekst Nanoscale Horizons
Polysaccharides (PSA) are taking specific position among biomaterials for advanced applications in medicine. Nevertheless, poor mechanical properties is known as the main drawback of PSA, which highlights need for PSA modification. Nanocomposites PSA (NPSA) are a class of biomaterials widely used as biomedical platforms, but despite their importance and worldwide use have not been reviewed. Herein we critically reviewed application of NPSA by categorizing them into generic and advanced application realms. First, application of NPSA as drug and gene delivery systems, along with their role in the field as antibacterial platform and hemostasis agent is discussed. Then, applications of NPSA for skin, bone, nerve, and cartilage tissue engineering are highlighted, followed by cell encapsulation and more critically cancer diagnosis and treatment potentials. In particular, three features of investigations devoted to cancer, i.e. radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and photothermal therapy, are comprehensively reviewed and discussed. Since this field experience an early-stage maturity, some other aspects such as bioimaging and biosensing are reviewed in order to give a sensation of potential applications of NPSA for future developments—providing a support for clinical applications. It is well-documented that using nanoparticles/nanomaterials above a critical concentration brings about concerns to toxicity, so that their effect on cellular interactions would become a criticism. We compared nanoparticles used in fabrication of NPSA in terms of toxicity mechanism to shed more lights on future challenging aspects of NPSA development. Indeed, neutralization mechanisms underlying cytotoxicity of nanomaterials, which are expected to be induced by polysaccharide introduction, should be taken into account for future investigations.
Polysaccharides in fabrication of membranes: A review
- Vahid Vatanpour
- Michael Badawi
- Mohammad Saeb
2022 CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Sustainability concerns have motivated and directed a great deal of interest over the past decade towards the development of green technologies. Polysaccharides are green polymers, which experienced growing demand to substitute chemically synthetic polymers. Different types of polysaccharides i.e. cellulose-, starch-, chitin- alginate-, and chitosan-based carbohydrate polymers have been applied in the fabrication of separation membranes. The purpose of the current review was to summarize, classify, and discuss the state-of-the-art the fabrication of membranes with carbohydrate polymers. Specific attention was paid to highlight the strategies used in the successful development of such membranes. First, a brief review of different types of polysaccharides was performed. Next, the application of these polysaccharides in the fabrication of liquid filtration, gas separation, adsorption, pervaporation and proton exchange membranes were comprehensively reviewed. Computational evaluations were also reviewed. Eventually, concluding remarks together with challenging aspects of the future perspective over application of polysaccharide membranes were discussed.
Polyurethane based hybrid ciprofloxacin-releasing wound dressings designed for skin engineering purpose
- Iga Carayon
- Paweł Szarlej
- Przemysław Gnatowski
- Edyta Piłat
- Maciej Sienkiewicz
- Marta Glinka
- Jakub Karczewski
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
2022 Pełny tekst Advances in Medical Sciences
Purpose Even in the 21st century, chronic wounds still pose a major challenge due to potentially inappropriate treatment options, so the latest wound dressings are hybrid systems that enable clinical management, such as a hybrid of hydrogels, antibiotics and polymers. These wound dressings are mainly used for chronic and complex wounds, which can easily be infected by bacteria. Materials and methods Six Composite Porous Matrices (CPMs) based on polyurethane (PUR) in alliance with polylactide (PLAs) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared and analyzed using optical microscopy. Three different types of hydrogels and their Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) modified variants’ ratios were prepared and analyzed using FTIR, SEM and EDX techniques. Six Hybrid Cipro-Releasing Hydrogel Wound Dressings (H-CRWDs) were also prepared and underwent short-term degradation, Cipro release, microbiology and cell viability measurements. Results Average porosity of CPMs was in the range of 69–81%. The pore size of the obtained CPMs was optimal for skin regeneration. Short-term degradation studies revealed degradability in physiological conditions regardless of sample type. A meaningful release was also observed even in short time (21.76 ± 0.64 μg/mL after 15 min). Microbiological tests showed visible inhibition zones. Cell viability tests proved that the obtained H-CRWDs were biocompatible (over 85% of cells). Conclusions A promising hybrid wound dressing was labeled. Simple and cost-effective methods were used to obtain microbiologically active and biocompatible dressings. The results were of importance for the design and development of acceptable solutions in the management of chronic wounds of high potential for infection.
Pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej w instalacjach fotowoltaicznych dużych mocy z magazynowaniem energii
- Jacek Katarzyński
- Jakub Olesz
2022 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
W artykule przedstawiono różne konfiguracje przepływu energii w instalacjach fotowoltaicznych z zastosowaniem przekształtników energoelektronicznych o mocy od 10 do 1000 kVA. W pomiarach impedancji pętli zwarciowej (IPZ) w obwodach zasilanych z przekształtników przyrządami różnych producentów zaobserwowano wyniki pomiaru zależne od trybu pracy przekształtnika oraz od wartości wymuszanego prądu probierczego przyrządu. W artykule wskazano na właściwą metodologię pomiaru IPZ w instalacjach fotowoltaicznych z użyciem przekształtników energoelektronicznych z magazynowaniem energii.
Pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej w obwodach z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi selektywnymi
- Kornel Borowski
- Stanisław Czapp
2022
Pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej w obwodach z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi bezzwłocznymi jest kłopotliwy, ponieważ przy stosowaniu typowych mierników o prądzie pomiarowym rzędu 10-20 A zwykle następują zbędne zadziałania tych zabezpieczeń. W przypadku obwodów z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi selektywnymi jest inaczej. W referacie wykazano, że pomiar ten można wykonać nawet miernikiem wielkoprądowym wymuszającym prąd o wartości szczytowej około 200 A. Przedstawiono przykładowe oscylogramy prądu pomiarowego oraz wyniki badań reakcji wyłączników różnicowoprądowych na pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej.
Pomorski Archipelag Wysp Energetycznych
- Andrzej Szajner
- Paweł Bućko
- Katarzyna Grecka
2022 Zeszyty Problemowe Samorząd Pomorza
Omówiono możliwy rozwój energetyki prosumenckiej na terenie województwa pomorskiego. Odniesiono się do form organizacyjnych oraz współpracy lokalnych struktur z systemem elektroenergetycznym.
Pompownie dużej mocy z falownikiem wędrującym średniego napięcia
- Dariusz Karkosiński
2022 Automatyka Elektryka Zakłócenia
Artykuł zawiera rys rozwoju napędów przekształtnikowych w stacjach pomp, w szczególności regulacji wydatku kilku pomp, po kolei, przez jeden przemiennik częstotliwości. Omówiono podstawy teoretyczne zjawiska pola niestłumionego i napięcia resztkowego silników, które utrudniają szybkie przełączania silnika pompy pomiędzy zasilaniem regulowanym przez falownik a zasilaniem z sieci. Przedstawiono zasady transferu (przełączania) synchronicznego pozwalające na minimalizację kosztów inwestycji poprzez konfigurowanie jednego przemiennika częstotliwości średniego napięcia, jako falownika wędrującego, do efektywnej regulacji kilku pomp dużej mocy w pompowni cieczy. Opracowano konfigurację sprzętową krajowej klasycznej - nie specjalizowanej przez wytwórcę falownika, rozdzielnicy SN z wieloma polami silnikowymi. Wykazano, że zaproponowane rozwiązanie jest ekonomiczne uzasadnione w pompowniach o większej liczbie pomp.
Porous Phantoms Mimicking Tissues – Investigation of Optical Parameter Stability Over Time
- Monika Ronowska
2022 Pełny tekst
In terms of optical parameters, optical phantoms can now replace live tissues and be used to validate optical measurement methods. Therefore, whether these parameters would be maintained after storage for 6 months was examined. The absorption and scattering coefficients were obtained from the measured transmittance and reflectance measurements taken 6 months apart and then compared. All of the measurements were conducted using the same experimental setup consisting of an integrating sphere, a light source with a wavelength of 635 nm and a detector. The optical phantoms on which the research was performed were prepared from silicone and glycerol in various proportions.
PORÓWNANIE DZIAŁANIA POPRZECZNYCH ŁOŻYSK ŚLIZGOWYCH NA ZMODERNIZOWANYM STANOWISKU DYDAKTYCZNYM
- Piotr Bzura
- Jakub Kowalski
2022 Pełny tekst Journal of Polish CIMEEAC
W artykule przedstawiono autorską metodę porównania działania poprzecznych łożysk ślizgowych na podstawie wyników badań wykonanych na zmodernizowanym stanowisku laboratoryjnym. Modernizacja stanowiska składającego się ze źródła mocy w postaci silnika elektrycznego napędzającego dwa wały połączone sprzęgłem i zakończone łożyskiem wzdłużnym przekazującym siłę naporu. Podłączenie przetwornika częstotliwości umożliwiło pracę silnika elektrycznego przy różnych prędkościach obrotowych i stałym momencie obrotowym. Na podstawie analizy przeprowadzonych badań został przedstawiony algorytm, według którego porównano ze względu na kierunek i prędkość obrotów oraz sposób smarowania poprzeczne łożyska ślizgowe posadowione na pierwszym wale między silnikiem a łożyskiem oporowym.
Porównanie OpenStack Networking z innymi rozwiązaniami chmurowymi
- Ewelina Kamyszek
- Krzysztof Gierłowski
- Jan M. Kelner
2022 Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
W dzisiejszych czasach coraz więcej firm decyduje się na uruchamianie usług oraz przetwarzanie danych w ramach tak zwanych systemów chmurowych, których przykładem może być m.in. OpenStack. Szeroka gama istniejących rozwiązań pozwala na dostosowanie chmury do potrzeb i wymagań użytkownika. Podczas wyboru systemu chmurowego jednym z ważniejszych aspektów jest analiza oferowanych przez niego mechanizmów oraz zaawansowanych usług sieciowych. Poniższy artykuł zawiera podstawowe informacje dotyczące chmury obliczeniowej, najpopularniejszych modułów wykorzystywanych do wdrożenia chmury OpenStack wraz z omówieniem architektury modułu sieciowego OpenStack Networking. Ponadto, przedstawiono porównanie mechanizmów i usług sieciowych oferowanych przez system OpenStack oraz dwa inne systemy chmurowe, tj. Amazon Web Services oraz Apache CloudStack.
Portico Farmhouses of the Vistula Delta: Architecture, Current State and Finite Element Modelling of Timber Roof Truss under Material and Cross-section Uncertainty
- Tomasz Zybała
- Katarzyna Szepietowska
- Grzegorz Bukal
- Izabela Lubowiecka
2022 Pełny tekst International Journal of Architectural Heritage
The article focuses on the oldest surviving I-type portico houses located in the Vistula Delta, which were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. The study describes the houses’ origins, structure, details of roof structures and technical condition, and it also includes numerical modelling of a roof truss and its mechanical analysis. Numerical models of the roof trusses are defined and analysed by means of the finite element method. Global sensitivity analysis with the use of the polynomial chaos expansion method is used to study the influence of uncertainties in material properties of wood, such as Young’s modulus and the friction coefficient, and also the beam cross-sectional height in the output of the numerical model of the structure. The outcomes show that the uncertainty of beam height exerts the dominating influence on the maximum deflection of the roof truss, hence accurate measurements of geometry are of great importance in the planning of conservation and renovation of such historic structures.
Position Estimation in Mixed Indoor-Outdoor Environment Using Signals of Opportunity and Deep Learning Approach
- Sebastian Urwan
- Dominika Wysocka
- Alicja Pietrzak
- Krzysztof Cwalina
2022 Pełny tekst International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
To improve the user's localization estimation in indoor and outdoor environment a novel radiolocalization system using deep learning dedicated to work both in indoor and outdoor environment is proposed. It is based on the radio signatures using radio signals of opportunity from LTE an WiFi networks. The measurements of channel state estimators from LTE network and from WiFi network are taken by using the developed application. The user's position is calculated with a trained neural network system's models. Additionally the influence of various number of measurements from LTE and WiFi networks in the input vector on the positioning accuracy was examined. From the results it can be seen that using hybrid deep learning algorithm with a radio signatures method can result in localization error 24.3 m and 1.9 m lower comparing respectively to the GPS system and standalone deep learning algorithm with a radio signatures method in indoor environment. What is more, the combination of LTE and WiFi signals measurement in an input vector results in better indoor and outdoor as well as floor classification accuracy and less positioning error comparing to the input vector consisting measurements from only LTE network or from only WiFi network.
Position in global value chains and wages in Central and Eastern European countries
- Sabina Szymczak
- Aleksandra Parteka
- Joanna Wolszczak-Derlacz
2022 Pełny tekst EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
This paper examines the relationship between the relative position of industries in Global Value Chains (GVC) and wages in 10 Central and Eastern European countries. We combine GVC measures of global import intensity of production, upstreamness and the length of the value chain with micro-data on workers. We find that the wages of Central and Eastern European countries workers are higher when their industry is at the beginning of the chain or at the end than in the middle. Secondly, wage changes depend on the interplay between upstreamness and GVC intensity. In sectors close to final demand, greater production fragmentation is associated with lower wages.
Possible quadrupole-order-driven commensurate-incommensurate phase transition in B20 CoGe
- S.-H. Baek
- Vladimir Sidorov
- A. V. Nikolaev
- Tomasz Klimczuk
- Filip Ronning
- A. V. Tsvyashchenko
2022 PHYSICAL REVIEW B
The B20-type cobalt germanide CoGe was investigated by measuring the specific heat, resistivity, and 59Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).We observed a phase transition at TQ = 13.7 K, evidenced by a very narrow peak of the specific heat and sharp changes of the nuclear spin-spin (T −1 2 ) and spin-lattice (T −1 1 ) relaxation rates. The fact that the entropy release is extremely small and the Knight shift is almost independent of temperature down to low temperatures as anticipated in a paramagnetic metal indicates that the TQ transition is of nonmagnetic origin. In addition, we detected a crossover scale T0 ∼ 30 K below which the resistivity and the NMR linewidth increase, and T −1 1 is progressively distributed in space, that is, a static and dynamical spatial inhomogeneity develops. While the order parameter for the TQ transition remains an open question, a group-theoretical analysis suggests that the finite electric quadrupole density arising from the low local site symmetry at cobalt sites could drive the crystal symmetry lowering from the P213 symmetry that is commensurate to the R3 symmetry with an incommensurate wave vector, which fairly well accounts for the TQ transition. The quadrupole-order-driven commensurate-incommensurate phase transition may be another remarkable phenomenon arising from the structural chirality inherent in the noncentrosymmetric B20 family.
Potential Energy Curves of Diatomic Alkali Molecules Datasets
- Patryk Jasik
- Tymon Kilich
2022 Pełny tekst
The datasets described in this article contain potential energy curves for several diatomic systems. The data was obtained via high-performance computing using MOLPRO, a system of ab initio programs for advanced molecular electronic structure calculations. The datasets allow to model bond lengths, energy levels, spectra and time-evolution of molecular dimers for which the data are presented.
Potential of Functionalized Polyolefins in a Sustainable Polymer Economy: Synthetic Strategies and Applications
- Lidia Jasińska-Walc
- Rob Duchateau
- Miloud Bouyahyi
2022 ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
Polymers play a crucial role in our modern life as no other material exists that is so versatile, moldable, and lightweight. Consequently, the demand for polymers will continue to grow with the human population, modernization, and technological developments. However, depleted fossil resources, increasing plastic waste production, ocean pollution, and related growing emission of greenhouse gases has led to a change in the way we think about the use of polymers. Although polymers were never designed to be recycled, it is clear that a linear polymers economy is no longer sustainable. The design for recycling and reuse and life-cycle analyses will become increasingly important factors when deciding on which polymer to choose for a certain application. Of all polymers, polyolefins have the lowest life-cycle environmental impact and even outperform renewable polymers. However, polyolefins are chemically inert and reveal a low surface energy. Combining their excellent mechanical properties with the ability to adhere to other materials or create self-assembled or nanostructured materials would widen the application window of polyolefins even more.
Potential of nanocomposites of zero valent copper and magnetite with Eleocharis dulcis biochar for packed column and batch scale removal of Congo red dye
- Muhammad Imran
- A Natasha
- Behzad Murtaza
- Sabah Ansar
- Noor S. Shah
- Zia Ul Haq Khan
- Ali Shahid
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Farhan Hafeez
- Ali Shafaqat
- Muhammad Rizwan
2022 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
The current study is the first attempt to prepare nanocomposites of Eleocharis dulcis biochar (EDB) with nano zero-valent Copper (nZVCu/EDB) and magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs/EDB) for batch and column scale sequestration of Congo Red dye (CR) from synthetic and natural water. The adsorbents were characterized with advanced analytical techniques. The impact of EDB, MNPs/EDB and nZVCu/EDB dosage (1–4 g/L), pH (4–10), initial concentration of CR (20–500 mg/L), interaction time (180 min) and material type to remove CR from water was examined at ambient temperature. The CR removal followed sequence of nZVCu/EDB > MNPs/EDB > EDB (84.9–98% > 77–95% > 69.5–93%) at dosage 2 g/L when CR concentration was increased from 20 to 500 mg/L. The MNPs/EDB and nZVCu/EDB showed 10.9% and 20.1% higher CR removal than EDB. The adsorption capacity of nZVCu/EDB, MNPs/EDB and EDB was 212, 193 and 174 mg/g, respectively. Freundlich model proved more suitable for sorption experiments while pseudo 2nd order kinetic model well explained the adsorption kinetics. Fixed bed column scale results revealed excellent retention of CR (99%) even at 500 mg/L till 2 h when packed column was filled with 3.0 g nZVCu/EDB, MNPs/EDB and EDB. These results revealed that nanocomposites with biochar can be applied efficiently for the decontamination of CR contaminated water.
Potentiometric sensor containing set of ion selective electrodes with lipid modified membranes for quality assessment of tested non-alcoholic beverages
- Maria Szpakowska
- Jakub Szwacki
- Ewa Marjańska
2022 Pełny tekst Desalination and Water Treatment
Potentiometric sensors may be a good tool for fast quality control of commercial drinks. In this work, such a sensor, containing a set of ion-selective electrodes with lipid-modified membranes (benzylhexadecyldimethylammonium chloride monohydrate, hexadecylamine, 1-dodecanol, elaidic acid, cholesterol) was used for discrimination and quality control of non-alcoholic beverages, mainly composed of sugar and citric acid. It was found that the electrodes stability, membrane reproducibility and sensitivity to acetic, hydrochloric and citric acid concentration were very good. On the contrary, ion selective electrodes were not sensitive to sweet substances (glucose, fructose, sucrose) concentration changes. The potentiometric sensor consisting of ion-selective electrodes was applied to commercially available non-alcoholic beverages, a reference drink and to di-component mixtures of sucrose and citric acid. A database of its responses to those mixtures was created. The possibility of using a “fingerprint” method for recognition and quality control of unknown beverages was discussed. The sensor responses to non-alcoholic beverages were transformed by principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis and compared to the results obtained with sensory analysis. The tested drinks can be divided into two groups of similar sour taste intensity (lemonades and orangeades). The beverage of low sour taste intensity and the non-carbonated drink were outside these groups. The obtained results show that the potentiometric sensor with lipid-modified ion-selective electrodes may be a useful tool for quality control of unknown drinks on the last step of a production line.