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Biomasa jako źródło energii odnawialnej
- Katarzyna Januszewicz
2023
Historia wykorzystania biomasy jako źródła energii jest znana od początku istnienia ludzkości i nieodzownie towarzyszy człowiekowi. Spalanie znane jest jako pierwsza metoda konwersji biomasy drzewnej w celu produkcji energii cieplnej, która stanowiła podstawę bytu. Obecnie, po latach eksploatacji, głównym celem gospodarki biomasą jest redukcja odpadów pochodzenia organicznego, zwłaszcza tych, które będą składowane, ale również pozyskiwania z nich energii. Z uwagi na to, że strumienie generowanych odpadów w różnych przemysłach (na przykład leśnym, rolnym) utrzymują się na stałym poziomie, mogą w sposób ciągły zasilać instalacje, które generują energię cieplną lub/i elektryczną. Instalacje i procesy konwersji powinny w przyszłości stanowić kluczowy element systemu zarządzania odpadami, jak również główny wkład do energetyki poszczególnych miast Polski i UE.
Biomechanical causes for failure of the Physiomesh/Securestrap system
- Mateusz Zamkowski
- Agnieszka Tomaszewska
- Izabela Lubowiecka
- Maciej Śmietański
2023 Pełny tekst Scientific Reports
This study investigates the mechanical behavior of the Physiomesh/Securestrap system, a hernia repair system used for IPOM procedures associated with high failure rates. The study involved conducting mechanical experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the mechanical behavior of the Physiomesh/Securestrap system under pressure load. Uniaxial tension tests were conducted to determine the elasticity modulus of the Physiomesh in various directions and the strength of the mesh-tissue-staple junction. Ex-vivo experiments on porcine abdominal wall models were performed to observe the system’s behavior under simulated intra-abdominal pressure load. Numerical simulations using finite element analysis were employed to support the experimental findings. The results reveal nonlinearity, anisotropy, and non-homogeneity in the mechanical properties of the Physiomesh, with stress concentration observed in the polydioxanone (PDO) stripe. The mesh-tissue junction exhibited inadequate fixation strength, leading to staple pull-out or breakage. The ex-vivo models demonstrated failure under higher pressure loads. Numerical simulations supported these findings, revealing the reaction forces exceeding the experimentally determined strength of the mesh-tissue-staple junction. The implications of this study extend beyond the specific case of the Physiomesh/Securestrap system, providing insights into the mechanics of implant-tissue systems. By considering biomechanical factors, researchers and clinicians can make informed decisions to develop improved implants that mimic the mechanics of a healthy abdominal wall. This knowledge can contribute to better surgical outcomes and reduce complications in abdominal hernia repair and to avoid similar failures in future.
Biomimetic torene shells
- Maziyar Bazmara
- Roger Sauer
- Ashutosh Agrawal
2023 Pełny tekst MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS OF SOLIDS
The genome inside the eukaryotic cells is guarded by a unique shell structure, called the nuclear envelope (NE), made of lipid membranes. This structure has an ultra torus topology with thousands of torus-shaped holes that imparts the structure a high flexural stiffness. Inspired from this biological design, here we present a novel ‘‘torene’’ architecture to design lightweight shell structures with ultra-stiffness for engineering applications. We perform finite element analyses on classic benchmark problems to investigate the mechanics of torene shells. This study reveals that the torene shells can achieve one order of magnitude or higher flexural stiffness than traditional shells with the same amount of material. This novel geometric strategy opens new avenues to exploit additive manufacturing to design lightweight shell structures for extreme mechanical environments.
Bio-mitigation of organic pollutants using horseradish peroxidase as a promising biocatalytic platform for environmental sustainability
- Muhammad Bilal
- Anil Kumar Singh
- Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tak H. Kim
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Khawlah Athmaneh
- Syed Salman Ashraf
2023 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
A wide array of environmental pollutants is often generated and released into the ecosystem from industrial and human activities. Antibiotics, phenolic compounds, hydroquinone, industrial dyes, and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are prevalent pollutants in water matrices. To promote environmental sustainability and minimize the impact of these pollutants, it is essential to eliminate such contaminants. Although there are multiple methods for pollutants removal, many of them are inefficient and environmentally unfriendly. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has been widely explored for its ability to oxidize the aforementioned pollutants, both alone and in combination with other peroxidases, and in an immobilized way. Numerous positive attributes make HRP an excellent biocatalyst in the biodegradation of diverse environmentally hazardous pollutants. In the present review, we underlined the major advancements in the HRP for environmental research. Numerous immobilization and combinational studies have been reviewed and summarized to comprehend the degradability, fate, and biotransformation of pollutants. In addition, a possible deployment of emerging computational methodologies for improved catalysis has been highlighted, along with future outlook and concluding remarks.
Bionic relations as features of the author’s original concept of biomorphic plastic forms that belong to a place
- Agnieszka Kurkowska
2023 Pełny tekst Architectus
The article concerns the search for an architectural formula for living organically in the area of Pojezierze Kaszubskie [the Kashubian Lake Dis- trict]. The original project consisted in creating a series of biomorphic plastic forms that belong to the place. In this way, a set of alternative solutions was created in the form of small clay sculptures that account for bionic relationships between the newly created cultural elements (dedicated to the place) and natural elements (characteristic of the analyzed area). The project assumed a specific method of creative and research work. The method consisted in a repeated process of sketching (with the use of natural elements encountered in the lake district), followed by sculpting and placing the sculptures. It led to gathering a collection of documentary photographs that record the successive attempts to place cultural objects in a natural context. Thanks to the photos, further solutions can be put together and compared. A kind of catalog was created to prove a strong bionic affinity of forms, common to all the created sculptures. The sculptures in specific “layouts” are attuned to the existing place; they enter a “dialogue” with it. The catalog can be used as research material, but also as a tool to contemplate the relationship between objects and places “supplemented” by them.
Biopolymer-based composites for tissue engineering applications: A basis for future opportunities
- Payam Zarrintaj
- Farzad Seidi
- Mohamadreza Youssefi Azarfam
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Amir Erfani
- Mahmood Barani
- Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan
- Navid Rabiee
- Tairong Kuang
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
- Mohammad Saeb
- Masoud Mozafari
2023 Pełny tekst COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
Biomimetic scaffolds supporting tissue regeneration are complex materials with multifunctional characteristics. The unique biocompatibility and biodegradability of biopolymers make them excellent candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biopolymers, which have a wide range of properties, can be obtained from different natural sources. Depending on the target tissue, biopolymers can be engineered to meet a series of specific functions. We review different types of biopolymers and their composites, besides their interactions with specific cells and tissues. Specific cellular mechanisms in tissue regeneration are also considered to elucidate the effects of biopolymers on controlling cellular mechanisms given their advantages and challenging aspects. Furthermore, the modifications required to mimic the properties of neural, cardiac, bone, and skin tissues are discussed. Utilization of biopolymer-based composites in tissue engineering requires additional improvements, where several challenges should be overcome. This work is mainly focused on biopolymers used in tissue engineering, providing support for engineering of future biocomposites for the same purpose. Some examples of biocomposites are also provided, a general guide for selection of biopolymers and the secondary component (biopolymers as complements, additives, or nano-scale biomaterials) to develop biocomposites.
Bio‐polyols synthesized by liquefaction of cellulose: Influence of liquefaction solvent molecular weight
- Adam Olszewski
- Paulina Kosmela
- Łukasz Piszczyk
2023 JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
Currently, the plastics industry including polyurethanes is based on the use of petrochemicals. For this reason, scientists are looking for new types of renewable resources for the substitution of petrochemical substances. This work aims to evaluate the effect of polyethylene glycols (PEG) with different molecular mass impact on properties of bio-based polyols synthesized via biomass liquefaction of cellulose. To date, research has mostly focused on the use of different biomass sources, but the area of bio-polyols synthesis with PEG with various molecular weights has not been explored in depth. For this reason, polyols were synthesized using PEG with a molecular weight in the range of 200–600 g/mol. Depending on the type of liquefaction solvent, the bio-polyols showed a hydroxyl value of 519–652 mgKOH/g, a viscosity of 0.736–1.415 Pa∙s, and a water content below 1%. Observed difference may be related to change of reactivity of the PEG chains caused by steric hindrance of longer chains and the difference in the amount of reactive OH groups. These findings add substantially to understanding of the influence of liquefaction solvent molecular mass on the properties of new bio-polyols and those of polyurethane materials.
Bioreactors and biophoton-driven biohydrogen production strategies
- Sadia Anjum
- Shakira Aslam
- Nazim Hussain
- Muhammad Bilal
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Wojciech Smułek
- Teofil Jesionowski
- Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
Given the current issues with global warming and rising greenhouse gas emissions, biohydrogen is a viable alternative fuel option. Technologies to produce biohydrogen include photo fermentation, dark fermentation, direct and indirect bio-photolysis, and two-stage fermentation. Biological hydrogen generation is a green and promising technique with mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption compared to thermochemical and electrochemical hydrogen generation. To optimize hydrogen gas output using this method, the activity of hydrogen-consuming bacteria should be restricted during the production stages of hydrogen and acetate to prevent or limit hydrogen consumption. Raw material costs, poor hydrogen evolution rates, and large-scale output are the main limitations in biological hydrogen generation systems. Organic wastes would be the most preferred target feedstock for hydrogen fermentation, aside from biodegradable wastes, due to their high amount and simultaneous waste treatment advantage. This study examined the three primary methods for converting waste into bio-hydrogen: microbial electrolysis cell, thermochemical gasification, and biological fermentation, from both a technological and environmental standpoint. The effectiveness and applicability of these bioprocesses in terms of aspects influencing processes and their constraints are discussed. Alternative options for improving process efficiency, like microbial electrolysis, bio-augmentation, and multiple process integration, are also considered for industrial-level applications. Biohydrogen generation might be further enhanced by optimization of operating conditions and adding vital nutrients and nanoparticles. Cost reduction and durability enhancement are the most significant hindrances to fuel-cell commercialization. This review summarizes the biohydrogen production pathways, the impact of used organic waste sources, and bacteria. The work also addresses the essential factors, benefits, and challenges.
Biorefinery Approach for H2 and Acids Production Based on Uncontrolled pH Fermentation of an Industrial Effluent
- María Eugenia Lopez Ibanez
- Encarnacion Domínguez Díaz
- Miguel Suffo
- Jacek Mąkinia
- Jose Luis Garcia Morales
- Francisco-Jesus Fernandez-Morales
2023 Pełny tekst Fermentation
In this work, the feasibility of uncontrolled pH acidogenic fermentation of industrial organic effluent from corn-bioethanol production was studied and modelled by using a Monod-based mathematical model. In order to do that, several tests were carried out at different initial pH values, ranging from 4 to 6. The experimental data showed a pH reduction during the fermentation process due to the generation of short-chain acids. When starting at initial pH of 5.0 and 6.0, the substrates were fully fermented reaching final pH s over 4 units in both cases and a final undissociated fatty acid concentration of about 80 (mmolL1) in both cases. Regarding fermentation at an initial pH of 4, the pH decreased to 3.5 units, and the organic substrates were not fully fermented due to the stoppage of the fermentation. The stoppage was caused by the very acidic pH conditions. The biomass showed an uncoupled growth as the operating conditions became more acidic, and, finally, the biomass growth was zero. Regarding the generation of fermentation products, in general terms, the highest economical value of products was obtained when fermenting at an initial pH of 5. More specifically, acetic acid was the acid that presented the highest yield at an initial pH value of 4. Butyric yield showed the highest values at initial pH values of 5 and 6. The highest H2 yield (1.1 mol H2mol1 dextrose) was achieved at an initial pH value of 5. Finally, the experimental data were modelled using a Monod-based model. From this model, the value of the main kinetics and stoichiometric parameters were determined.
Bisphenols and their derivatives in baby diaper samples.
- Aneta Chabowska
- Natalia Jatkowska
- Paweł Kubica
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
2023 Pełny tekst
Many common products contain and leach hazardous chemicals, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenols that are harmful to human health. For toddlers, this dangerousness is higher because of their not fully developed detoxification system. Due to this, bisphenols content in products such as baby diapers, should be monitored. Baby diapers not only remain in close contact with the skin, but are also used from the first hours of life. Baby diaper samples were prepared by ultrasound assisted solvent microextraction of porous membrane-packed solid sample (UASE-PMSS) and extracted analytes were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Obtained recoveries value ranged from 60% to 115%. Bisphenol A was determined in 81% of the tested samples with a concentration in the range of 5.0-520 ng/g, while bisphenol A bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) ether in 15% of the samples with a concentration ranged from 6.8 to 530 ng/g.
Bitumen Aging—Laboratory Simulation Methods Used in Practice and Selected Directions of Research on New Methods
- Paweł Czajkowski
- Andrzej Przyjazny
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
2023 Pełny tekst Materials
Changes in the properties of bitumen binders that occur as a result of aging have a huge impact on the durability of products produced from them. In particular, asphalt pavements, which constitute the most common use of petroleum bitumen, are susceptible to damage resulting from the increasing stiffness of the bitumen during its life cycle. Increased stiffness of asphalt pavements reduces the pavement resistance to low-temperature cracks and fatigue cracks, ultimately leading to the loss of their functional properties and the need for road repair. The rate of changes in bitumen properties is influenced by many factors, the most important of which are environmental conditions, technological parameters of binder processing, and physicochemical properties. The greatest impact on minimizing the adverse effect of aging is the use of bitumen suitably resistant to aging, and changing the technological parameters of its application. This article reviews the literature and standardized test methods of bitumen aging, with a focus on the methods that are most often used in practice, to evaluate the suitability of bitumen for use in road construction. The presented methods are limited to aging simulation. This mini-review presents the most important stages of aging procedures, their advantages and limitations, as identified by the authors of this publication for different types of bitumen. Moreover, the most important directions of developments in the field of new laboratory aging tests are highlighted. The suggestions are based on the industrial practice of the authors of this review, taking into account identified demands for quality control in the industry.
Bitumen-Based Poroelastic Pavements: Successful Improvements and Remaining Issues
- Piotr Jaskuła
- Jerzy Ejsmont
- Władysław Gardziejczyk
- Piotr Mioduszewski
- Marcin Stienss
- Marek Motylewicz
- Cezary Szydłowski
- Paweł Gierasimiuk
- Dawid Ryś
- Marta Wasilewska
2023 Pełny tekst Materials
This article presents the development process of designing and testing poroelastic pavement based on highly polymer-modified bitumen. Poroelastic wearing course was composed of mineral and rubber aggregate mixed with highly polymer-modified bitumen, in contrast to previous trials, during which polyurethane resins were mainly used as binder, which led to several serious technological problems concerning difficult production, insufficient bonding to the base layer, and unsatisfactory durability. The laboratory testing phase was aimed at finding the proper composition of the poroelastic mixture that would ensure required internal shear strength and proper bonding of the poroelastic layer with the base layer. After selecting several promising poroelastic mixture compositions, field test sections were constructed and tested in terms of noise reduction, rolling resistance and interlayer bonding. Despite the very good acoustic properties of the constructed poroelastic wearing course, it was not possible to solve the problem of its insufficient durability. Still, the second major issue of poroelastic pavements that concerns premature debonding of the poroelastic layer from the base layer was completely solved. Experience gained during the implementation of the described research will be the basis for further attempts to develop a successive poroelastic mixture in the future.
Blue applicability grade index (BAGI) and software: a new tool for the evaluation of method practicality
- Natalia Manousi
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Victoria F. Samanidou
2023 Pełny tekst GREEN CHEMISTRY
In this work, blue applicability grade index (BAGI) is proposed as a new metric tool for evaluating the practicality of an analytical method. BAGI can be considered complementary to the well-established green metrics, and it is mainly focused on the practical aspects of White Analytical Chemistry. This tool evaluates ten main attributes including the type of analysis, the number of analytes that are simultaneously determined, the number of samples that can be analyzed per hour, the type of reagents and materials used in the analytical method, the required instrumentation, the number of samples that can be simultaneously treated, the requirement for preconcentration, the automation degree, the type of sample preparation, and the amount of sample. Through the evaluation of these attributes, an asteroid pictogram is generated, together with the respective score. To facilitate the use of the metric a simple, open-source application was created (mostwiedzy.pl/bagi). It is accompanied by a web application available at bagi-index.anvil.app. The functionality of the tool was demonstrated by evaluating the applicability of five different analytical methods as case studies. All things considered, BAGI can be easily used to identify the weak and strong points of a method in terms of practicality and applicability, as well as to compare the performance of different analytical methods. We believe that BAGI metric tool will gain not only attention but also trust and acceptance from the chemical community.
BODIPY‐Perylene Charge Transfer Compounds; Sensitizers for Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Up‐conversion
- Ruben Arturo Arellano-Reyes
- Amrutha Prabhakaran
- Rengel Cane Sia
- Julien Guthmuller
- Keshav Kumar Jha
- Tingxiang Yang
- Benjamin Dietzek‐Ivanšić
- Vickie McKee
- Tia E. Keyes
2023 Pełny tekst CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
BODIPY heterochromophores, asymmetrically substituted with perylene and/or iodine at the 2 and 6 positions were prepared and investigated as sensitizers for triplet-triplet annihilation up conversion (TTA-UC). Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses show that the torsion angle between BODIPY and perylene units lie between 73.54 and 74.51, though they are not orthogonal. Both compounds show intense, charge transfer absorption and emission profiles, confirmed by resonance Raman spectroscopy and consistent with DFT calculations. The emission quantum yield was solvent dependent but the emission profile remained characteristic of CT transition across all solvents explored. Both BODIPY derivatives were found to be effective sensitizers of TTA-UC with perylene annihilator in dioxane and DMSO. Intense anti-Stokes emission was observed, and visible by eye from these solvents. Conversely, no TTA-UC was observed from the other solvents explored, including from non-polar solvents such as toluene and hexane that yielded brightest fluorescence from the BODIPY derivatives. In dioxane, the power density plots obtained were strongly consistent with TTA-UC and the power density threshold, the Ith value (the photon flux at which 50% of ΦTTAUC is achieved), for B2PI was observed to be 2.5x lower than of B2P under optimal conditions, an effect ascribed to the combined influence of spin-orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT-ISC) and heavy metal on the triplet state formation for B2PI.
Boron-doped carbon nanowalls for fast and direct detection of cytochrome C and ricin by matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
- Ioana Hosu
- Michał Sobaszek
- Mateusz Ficek
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Yannick Coffinier
2023 TALANTA.The International Journal of Pure and Applied Analytical Chemistry
Detecting proteins via surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) method is still highly challenging, and only few examples of nanomaterials have been demonstrated to perform such detection so far. In this study, carbon nanowalls (CNWs), vertically aligned graphene sheet-based materials, presenting specific morphology, dimensions, and boron doping levels have shown improved performances for both qualitative and quantitative detection of Cytochrome C under optimized experimental conditions. Boron doped carbon nanowalls (B-CNWs) with a [B]/[C] ratio of 5000 ppm and growing time of 4 h have shown the best performance in terms of signal intensity and reliability. Then, the detection of ricin, a ribosomal-inhibiting protein (RIP) classified as category B bioterrorism agent by CDC (Centre of Disease and Control and Prevention), was performed. For the first time, direct SALDI-MS detection of ricin B chain was reported without tedious sample preparation steps or database interrogation, and results were obtained within few minutes and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 pmol/μl was obtained. Thanks to the introduction of galactosamine residues on B–CNW, we were able to selectively detect ricin B chain protein in complex media such as serum and soft drinks with enhanced signal intensity. B-CNWs are not toxic and are adaptable to any commercial MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, showing their great potential as SALDI based materials.
Boron-doped diamond nanosheet volume-enriched screen-printed carbon electrodes: a platform for electroanalytical and impedimetric biosensor applications
- Mateusz Ficek
- Mateusz Cieślik
- Monika Janik
- Mateusz Brodowski
- Sawczak Mirosław
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Jacek Ryl
2023 Pełny tekst MICROCHIMICA ACTA
This paper focuses on the development of a novel electrode based on boron-doped diamond nanosheet full-volume-enriched screen-printed carbon electrodes (BDDPE) for use as an impedimetric biosensor. Impedimetric biosensors offer high sensitivity and selectivity for virus detection, but their use as point-of-care devices is limited by the complexity of nanomaterials’ architecture and the receptor immobilisation procedures. The study presents a two-step modification process involving the electroreduction of diazonium salt at the BDDPE and the immobilisation of antibodies using zero-length cross-linkers for a selective impedimetric biosensor of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi). The incorporation of diamond nanosheets into BDDPE leads to enhanced charge transfer and electrochemical behaviour, demonstrating greatly improved electrochemically active surface area compared with unmodified screen-printed electrodes (by 44% and 10% on average for [Ru(NH3)6]Cl2 and K3[Fe(CN)6], respectively). The presented sensing system shows high specificity towards protein D in Hi bacteria, as confirmed by negative controls against potential interference from other pathogens, with an estimated tolerance limit for interference under 12%. The Hi limit of detection by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was 1 CFU/mL (measured at − 0.13 V vs BDDPE pseudo-reference), which was achieved in under 10 min, including 5 min sample incubation in the presence of the analyte.
Bovine Serum Albumin – Hydroxyapatite Nanoflowers as Potential Local Drug Delivery System of Ciprofloxacin
- Kornelia Bobrowska
- Kamila Sadowska
- Krzysztof Stolarczyk
- Marta Prześniak-Welenc
- Piotr Golec
- Renata Bilewicz
2023 Pełny tekst International Journal of Nanomedicine
Introduction: Hybrid nanoflowers are structures consisting of organic (enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids) and inorganic components (mostly metal phosphates) with a flower-like hierarchical structure. Novel hybrid nanoflowers based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) were obtained and characterized. Study on BSA-HA nanoflowers as potential drug delivery system is reported for the first time. Methods: Embedding ciprofloxacin in the structure of hybrid nanoflowers was confirmed by ATR-FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis. The inorganic phase of the nanoflowers was determined by X-ray diffraction. UV‒Vis spectroscopy was used to evaluate the release profiles of ciprofloxacin from nanoflowers in buffer solutions at pH 7.4 and 5. The agar disk diffusion method was used to study the antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoflowers against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: Bovine serum albumin – hydroxyapatite nanoflowers were obtained with diameters of ca. 1–2 µm. The kinetics of ciprofloxacin release from nanoflowers were described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoflowers was demonstrated against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, two main pathogens found in osteomyelitis. Conclusion: The formulated nanoflowers may act as an efficient local antibiotic delivery system. Due to the use of nonhazardous, biodegradable components and benign synthesis, hybrid nanoflowers are very promising drug delivery systems that could be applied in the treatment of skeletal system infections.
Breast MRI segmentation by deep learning: key gaps and challenges
- Khadijeh Askaripour
- Arkadiusz Żak
2023 Pełny tekst IEEE Access
Breast MRI segmentation plays a vital role in early diagnosis and treatment planning of breast anomalies. Convolutional neural networks with deep learning have indicated promise in automating this process, but significant gaps and challenges remain to address. This PubMed-based review provides a comprehensive literature overview of the latest deep learning models used for breast segmentation. The article categorizes the literature on deep learning based on input modalities, use of labeled/unlabeled data during training, and different architectures. Additionally, it describes more complex frameworks structured using hierarchical, ensemble, or fused learning. Then, MRI processing approaches, key aspects of convolutional neural networks, and key gaps and challenges are focused. The need for large breast MRI datasets with accurate annotations and the generalization of the proposed structures to diverse and comprehensive datasets are among the gaps.
Broad Stopband, Low-Loss, and Ultra-Compact Dual-Mode Bandpass Filter Based on HMSIRC
- Rusan Barik
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
2023 Pełny tekst Electronics
In this investigation, an ultra-compact dual-mode bandpass filter (BPF) with a wide stopband re-sponse is realized by using a half-mode substrate-integrated rectangular cavity (HMSIRC). The HMSIRC resonator is designed with a cavity that is rectangular in shape and has metallic vias along three of the sides. The fourth side is open-ended and contains microstrip feed lines. For the purpose of constructing a magnetic wall, a rectangular slot is cut into each of the HMSIRC’s three edges. In order to produce an electrical wall that may generate a variety of resonances, the side with the open edges is provided with a single metallic via in the center. After that, a second-order BPF is generated by loading a transverse slot in the middle of the BPF, which enables independent frequency regulation of the mode frequencies. The eigen-mode analysis; field distributions; cou-pling matrix; and full-wave simulation of the proposed HMSIRC filter topology are used to de-velop the working principle of the filter. A second-order BPF is realized, constructed, and experi-mentally validated in order to provide evidence that the theory is correct. The BPF prototype achieves satisfactory performance thanks to its compact footprint of 0.028 λg2; its broad passband of 15.9%; its low insertion loss of 0.41 dB; and its wide stopband of 4.36 f0 with a rejection level greater than 20 dB. Both the measured and EM-simulated responses of the BPF are very consistent with one another.
Broadband/Dual-band Metal-Mountable UHF RFID Tag Antennas: A Systematic Review. Taxonomy Analysis, Standards of Seamless RFID System Operation, Supporting IoT implementations, Recommendations and Future Directions
- Fuad Erman
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Leifur Leifsson
2023 IEEE Internet of Things Journal
The employment of broadband/dual-band ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antennas contributes to the growth of RFID technology, with many potential implications, such as the increase of international trade, and reducing costs thereof. This study presents all reported articles on RFID tags for metal objects that can work seamlessly across different countries. Moreover, it addresses all available approaches to design of wideband/dual-band metal-mountable tag antennas and showcases the techniques used to expand the tag bandwidth. The relevant works were gathered by applying a designated query ‘("tag antenna*" OR "RFID tag*") AND (metal*) AND ("broadband" OR "wideband" OR "dual band" OR "tri band")’ in three scientific research engines. (Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus). The final set is determined on the basis of the exclusion and inclusion criteria, revealing 38 articles. The selected papers were categorized into five groups based on the tag structure, and all techniques utilized to widen the bandwidth of each specific structure. This taxonomy attempts to provide a deeper insight into the considered topic through a comprehensive presentation. The bandwidth measurement criterion, which is 3-dB return loss (RL) bandwidth is selected due to showing an adequate reading distance on the edge of the bandwidth. In addition, the criterion clarifies the operation frequencies that facilitate the worldwide operation of the RFID technology. This paper fosters adaptation of suitable regulations to support the use of RFID systems, and researchers to design proper metal-mountable tags, which must be assessed based on operating frequencies, performance, size, cost, and compatibility with the targeted applications.