2024 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Asphalt Overlay Enhancement with Fatigue High-Performing Multiaxial Geocomposite
- Michał Golos
- Piotr Jaskuła
2024
The use of gecomposite incorporating multiaxial geogrid and non-woven fabric of high bitumen retention in asphalt overlays results in the increase of life of the designed pavement structure. Such an approach can offer an opportunity to increase the fatigue life (higher traffic capacity) without the need to increase asphalt overlay thickness or to reduce the thickness of asphalt overlay without reduction of pavement life eventually. This concept results in both economic and environmental benefits. This paper presents the laboratory testing results of the fatigue life of double-layered asphalt specimens with geocomposite used directly in the pavement structure fatigue life calculations. Fatigue testing was performed in the scheme of four-point bending tests (4PB) of large beams in the controlled strain mode – both for reinforced and control specimens. Based on the results obtained, one can conclude that the rated multiaxial geocomposite has a clear and positive effect on asphalt overlay performance and thus has an evident potential to extend the asphalt pavement fatigue life. This paper also presents a slightly modified concept of the Mechanistic-Empirical pavement design method based on fatigue improving factors derived from the laboratory test investigation, allowing reinforcement benefits to be implemented into the design process. Finally, an example of the calculation of reconstructed asphalt pavement with the enhancement of the asphalt overlay reinforced by geocomposite is also presented.
Asphalt pavement structure optimization with alternative materials
- Przemysław Ostrowski
- Adam Zofka
- Krzysztof Błażejowski
- Marek Pszczoła
2024 Archives of Civil Engineering
The paper briefly describes modern method assessment of the pavement structure based on the simplified viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) model. The method was used to compare two types of pavement structures. There were analysed classical cstructures with asphalt concretes with neat bitumen and innovative one- or two layered structures with SMA 16 with highly polymer modified bitumen (HiMA). Pavement structures using SMA 16 are especially recommended for local roads, thus two traÿc categories were analysed – light and medium. Furthermore, due to specific properties of layers with HiMA, for each variant two di˙erent types of improved sub-base were checked. The examples presented, despite reduced thickness of asphalt layers, structures with SMA 16 HiMA are much more resistant to fatigue than classic structures with asphalt concretes with neat bitumen. The results of the research confirm that it is possible to develop innovative structures with materials with above standard properties. New materials both with new arrangement of layers can bring a lot of advantages especially in the areas of sustainable development, costs reducing and improving properties of asphalt pavements.
Assessing climate change threats and urbanization impacts on surface runoff in Gdańsk (Poland): insights from remote sensing, machine learning and hydrological modeling
- Khansa Gulshad
- Michał Szydłowski
- Andam Mustafa
2024 Pełny tekst STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
This study investigates the impacts of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes and climate change on surface runoff in Gdańsk, Poland, which is crucial for local LULC planning and urban flood risk management. The analysis employs two primary methodologies: remote sensing and hydrological modeling. Remote sensing was conducted using Google Earth Engine and Land Change Modeler in IDRISI Terrset software to analyze historical (1985–2022) and future (2050–2100) LULC. Hydrological modeling was performed using the Natural Resources Conservation Service curve number method to assess the overall impact of LULC changes on Gdańsk’s hydrology at the local scale. The Orunia basin, a critical area due to intensive LULC development, was selected for detailed hydrological analysis using the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). The analysis encompassed three scenarios: LULC changes, climate change, and combined LULC and cli- mate change effects. The LULC analysis revealed a marked increase in urban area, a shift in forest and vegetation cover, and a reduction in agricultural land. HEC-HMS simulations showed an increase in the runoff coefficient across selected decades, which was attributed to the combined effect of LULC and climate change. The projected increases under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios for 2050 and 2100 are projected to surpass those observed during the baseline period. The findings highlight that the synergistic effects of LULC and climate change have a more significant impact on Gdańsk’s hydrology at both local and basin scales than their separate effects. These insights into LULC shifts and urban hydrological responses hold implications for sustainable urban planning and effective flood risk management in Gdańsk and similar urban settings.
Assessing sustainable development goal 7 implementation and its nexus with social, economic and ecological factors in EU countries
- Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
- Iwona Markowicz
- Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła
- Alina Stundziene
2024 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
This research paper delves into the captivating realm of sustainable development, specifically focusing on assessing the degree of implementation of sustainable development goal 7 (SDG7) and its intricate relationship with social, economic and ecological factors within European Union (EU) countries. By comprehensively unravelling the interplay between SDG7 and these multifaceted factors, this study provides invaluable insights into the ongoing sustainable energy revolution within the EU. To verify the research hypotheses, composite indicators (CI) were estimated for SDG7 and selected groups of indicators, employing a methodology grounded in sensitivity analysis. Our findings notably highlight the distinct significance of ecological factors in driving the development of clean energy systems. In contrast, the data did not support our hypothesis, which posited a significant relationship between economic factors and the implementation of SDG7. This evolving perspective underscores the growing recognition of the fundamental role that ecological factors play in shaping our sustainable energy future. Consequently, as we prioritise preserving and conserving our environment, the need to balance economic prosperity with environmental well-being becomes increasingly evident.
Assessing the availability and interoperability of open government data (OGD) supporting sustainable development goals (SDGs) and value creation in the gulf cooperation council (GCC)
- Charalampos Harris Alexopoulos
- Mohsan Ali
- Maria Ioanna Maratsi
- Nina Rizun
- Charalabidis Yannis
- Euripidis Loukis
- Stuti Saxena
2024 Pełny tekst Quality and Quantity
Value creation and innovation by a range of stakeholders, including citizens, analysts, journalists, non-profit entities, etc. are the hallmarks of Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives. At the same time, availability and interoperability of datasets are determined as two of the most important factors for value creation. In parallel, the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are meant to be realized to attain quality of life through the development of initiatives based on the value creation and innovation provided by the afore-identified stakeholders. Thus, the information provided from the public sector (OGD) regarding SDGs would help the monitoring of current and the identification of next actions and initiatives. The examination of SDG datasets availability and the assessment of their interoperability would provide valuable insights regarding the extent to which the data are of high-value. In that vein, the availability and the interoperability dimensions of the OGD provisioned via the national OGD portals of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) constituents; viz., Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia, are studied based on a semi-automatic methodological approach. In this light, the present study seeks to answer the following research question: “To what extent are the national OGD portals of the GCC region catering for the interoperability dimensions, more specifically, the semantic interoperability, to facilitate value creation and innovation?” To drive home the arguments, semantic interoperability dimensions were investigated via the cosine similarity calculations in Python to understand the extent to which the availability of OGD via the national OGD portals facilitates their interoperability. Findings show that the value creation and innovation initiatives to realize the SDGs’ attainment is dependent upon both the availability and the extent of interoperability for all SDGs. GCC countries present different levels of both factors. This is suggestive of the mismatch of the OGD provision and their attributes which results in low interoperability. Findings from the study are indicators that the GCC countries should develop different strategies regarding the availability and the interoperability of SDG-related OGD in order to stimulate innovation and value creation.
Assessing the industrialization progress of hydrodynamic cavitation process intensification technology: a review
- Xun Sun
- Haozhen Xu
- Xiaoxu Xuan
- Sivakumar Manickam
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Benlong Wang
2024 Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely acknowledged as a promising green approach for enhancing various production and waste management processes, such as water treatment, sludge pretreatment, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) pretreatment, emulsification, and food processing. Despite demonstrating superior industrialization potential compared with other emerging technologies such as ultrasound and microwave, the widespread commercial adoption of HC remained limited even after three decades of development. This review aims to assess the current distance from industrialization and promote the advancement of HC by summarizing recent progress in the pilot or full-scale applications, particularly in biodiesel synthesis, water treatment, and the pretreatment of sludge and LCB. Special attention is given to treatment capacity and economic efficiency.
Assessment of Alterations in Settlement Patterns of Agricultural Landscape in the Example of Kashubia in Poland
- Anna Górka
2024 Pełny tekst Sustainability
Traditional agricultural landscapes are heavily exposed to change due to their relatively low agricultural productivity. However, they represent cultural values of great importance in maintaining the resilience of the environment and society. Although their cultural potential is important for sustainable development, it is still insufficiently recognized. The article fills this gap by examining old farmstead buildings as a distinguishing element of the agricultural landscape. The study was conducted in Poland in the area of farm settlements in Kashubia. A spatial database and archival maps were used for comparison of the spatial distribution and the number of farmsteads and buildings in 1937 and 2020. The types of settlements in the selected area of research were recorded and classified. The results obtained from the study may support the spatial planning and local management of agricultural areas for the purpose of preserving rural identity and economy.
Assessment of baby disposable diapers application for urine collection and determination of phthalate metabolites
- Marta Glinka
- Katarzyna Jażdżewska
- Christina Vakh
- Izabela Drążkowska
- Ewa Bagińska
- Tomasz Majchrzak
- Michał Młynarczyk
- Dominik Rachon
- Andrzej Wasik
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
2024 Pełny tekst ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
The baby disposable diapers were investigated as a sampling material for urine collection and validated for the evaluation of the exposure of children to xenobiotics. Phthalate metabolites detected in urine samples were chosen as proof-of-concept analytes. For the determination of phthalate metabolites in children’s urine samples, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used. Two sampling approaches were compared, namely sterile containers and baby disposable diapers. Thirty urine samples from infants and toddlers were analyzed by both methods in parallel and the results were compared. It was found that for diaper sampling, lower concentrations of the metabolites were observed, however, the general distribution for particular metabolites remains the same for both methods. For most of the metabolites high determination coefficients were obtained, namely 0.9929 for MEHHP, 0.9836 for MMP, 0.9796 for MECPP, and 0.9784 for 2-cx-MMHP. For MEOHP the determination correlation coefficient was 0.9154, while for MBP was – 0.7771 and MEHP was – 0.5228. In general, for diaper sampling an underestimation for 2-cx-MMHP and MEOHP was observed, while for MMP diaper-based approach provides overestimation. However, the proposed procedure confirms the possibility of using baby disposable diapers as a material for the collection of urine samples for biomonitoring purposes and fast screening of phthalates exposure.
Assessment of High-Temperature Oxidation Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Powder and Sintered Porous Supports for Potential Solid Oxide Cells Applications
- Ahsanul Kabir
- Damian Koszelow
- Tadeusz Miruszewski
- Victor Buratto Tinti
- Christian Esposito
- Frank Kern
- Sebastian Molin
2024 Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal
In this work, oxidation properties of austenitic 316L stainless steel powder and sintered porous support were investigated at the temperature range of ~600-750 °C for 100 hours in ambient air. Oxidation kinetics was determined by continuous thermogravimetry and analyzed employing parabolic rate law. It was observed that oxidation leads to the formation of an oxide scale, with substantial oxidation occurring at ≥ 650 °C in the powder. The porous steel support was fabricated by tape casting method with two distinct pore former concentrations. The microstructural features of both the powder and support were investigated by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The mechanical properties of the metal support were examined before and after oxidation via a microhardness test. The effect of porosity on the resulting properties of the metal support was also highlighted. In summary, 316L stainless steel support suits SOCs applications below 600 °C.
Assessment of the application of selected metal-organic frameworks as advanced sorbents in passive extraction used in the monitoring of contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters
- Klaudia Godlewska
- Anna Białk-Bielińska
- Paweł Mazierski
- Szymon Zdybel
- Anita Sosnowska
- Daniel Górzyński
- Tomasz Puzyn
- Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
- Tomasz Klimczuk
- Monika Paszkiewicz
2024 SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Water pollution has become a critical global concern requiring effective monitoring techniques and robust protection strategies. Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are increasingly detected in various water sources, with their harmful effects on humans and ecosystems continually evolving. Based on literature reports highlighting the promising sorption properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of NH2-MIL-125 (Ti) and UiO-66 (Ce) as sorbents in passive sampling devices (MOFs-PSDs) for the collection and extraction of a wide group of CECs. Solvothermal methods were used to synthesize MOFs, and the characterization of the obtained materials was performed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), powder X-ray diffractometry (pXRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The research demonstrated the sorption capabilities of the tested MOFs, the ease and rapidity of their chemical regeneration and the possibility of reuse as sorbents. Using chemometric analysis, the structural properties of CECs determining the sorption efficiency on the surface of NH2-MIL-125 (Ti) were identified. The MOFs-PSDs were lab-calibrated to examine the kinetics of analytes sorption and determine the sampling rates (Rs). MOFs-PSDs and CNTs-PSDs (PSDs containing carbon nanotubes as a sorbent) were then placed in the Elbląg River and the Vistula Lagoon to sampling and extraction of the target compounds from the water. CNTs-PSDs were selected, based on our previous research, for the comparison of the effectiveness of the MOFs-PSDs in environmental monitoring. MOFs-PSDs were successfully used in monitoring of CECs in water. The time-weighted average concentrations (CTWA) of 2-hydroxycarbamazepine, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, p-nitrophenol, 3,5-dichlorophenol and caffeine were determined in the Elbląg River and CTWA of metoprolol, diclofenac, 2-hydroxycarbamazepine, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, p-nitrophenol, 3,5-dichlorophenol and caffeine were determine in the Vistula Lagoon using MOFs-PSDs and a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.
Assessment of the impact of jet impingement technique on the energy efficiency of air-cooled BIPV/T roof tile
- Jan Wajs
- Jakub Łukasik
2024 Pełny tekst Archives of Thermodynamics
The paper concerns a numerical analysis of cooling of the hybrid photovoltaic (PV) modules dedicated to Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems. Attention was focused on the photovoltaic roof tiles, using a jet impingement technique, in which the intensification of heat transfer is ensured by streams of air hitting the heat exchange partition. A series of numerical simulations were carried out to assess an influence of the distance of the nozzle outlet from the absorber surface on the values of selected thermal-hydraulic performance indicators and the electrical parameters of the roof tile. The results confirmed the high effectiveness of the proposed method. The best effect was obtained for the case in which the relative distance of the nozzle from the partition to the nozzle diameter was equal to 1. For the mentioned configuration, an over 4 times increase in the value of the heat transfer coefficient was obtained in relation to the reference variant of cooling roof tiles. At the same time, the relative increase in the value of the generated electrical power was from 2.9 to 7.8%, depending on the value of the Reynolds number characterising the flow.
Assessment Of the Relevance of Best Practices in The Development of Medical R&D Projects Based on Machine Learning
- Jan Cychnerski
- Tomasz Dziubich
2024 Pełny tekst
Machine learning has emerged as a fundamental tool for numerous endeavors within health informatics, bioinformatics, and medicine. However, novices among biomedical researchers and IT developers frequently lack the requisite experience to effectively execute a machine learning project, thereby increasing the likelihood of adopting erroneous practices that may result in common pitfalls or overly optimistic predictions. The paper presents an assessment of the significance of best practices in the implementation of R\&D projects supporting the medical diagnostic process. Based on the literature and authors' experiences, 27 good practices influencing three fundamental stages of project implementation were identified. The evaluation was based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, which relies on subjective assessments from experts, whose credibility is expressed through the consensus of assessment. Initially focusing on DevOps methodology, research integration, interdisciplinary information sharing were prioritized over automation. Furthermore, annotation tools and data / model quality control were identified as of significant importance.
Assessment of the Symmetry and Deformation of a Submarine Hull Using the PCSE Method
- Paweł Dąbrowski
- Łukasz Marchel
- Radosław Kiciński
- Roderik Lindenbergh
2024 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The paper presents a new dry-dock method for assessing the deformation of submarine hulls using TLS point cloud data and the point cloud spatial expansion method (PCSE). The advantage of the proposed approach is the high-resolution deformation analysis that can be conducted in the case of both the availability and a lack of technical documentation on the submarine hull. The geometry assessment involves two-plane hull symmetry in longitudinal sections of a tested Kobben-class submarine located in Gdynia, Poland. The features of PCSE introduce additional geometrical parameters that are not available in the original point cloud method. The procedure for local fitting of a plane into the expansion eliminates the problem of varying densities of the hull point cloud. Accuracies of several millimetres are achieved and are applicable to multi-temporal monitoring of the deformations of submarine hulls. The assessment of similar deformations is not possible in the original point cloud method, due to the unknown parameters of the orientation and curvature of the convex cylindrical hull surface. The PCSE-based parameterisation presented here enables the creation of alternative quasi-planar point cloud projections to extract new spatial information on the object. The results of this study were verified using theoretical values derived from design data on the Kobben-class submarine, and demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in terms of detecting deformations even without design references. The proposed methodology is uniform, and can be adapted to other symmetrical structures.
Assessment of thermal and electrical performance of flat plate air-cooled photovoltaic roof tile – experimental and numerical studies
- Jakub Łukasik
- Jan Wajs
2024 Pełny tekst
The current state of development of the solar energy sector necessitates a new form of incentive for entities to invest in photovoltaic (PV) installations. Building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) systems are gaining increasing interest. Effective methods for heat recovery from BIPV/T collectors are searched for. Presented research experimentally and numerically considered the influence of cooling conditions on the electrical efficiency and heat recovery potential of PV roof tiles, using air as cooling medium. An experimental system consisted of PV roof tile module, casing and twenty halogen lamps, acting as a sunlight simulator. Temperature of PV roof tile and the casing, together with electrical current and voltage as well as volumetric air flow rate were controlled. Based on the experimental system, a numerical model was prepared in the ANSYS Fluent software. It takes into account two configurations of flow channel height 25 and 50 mm, various values of solar irradiance (from 300 to 900 W/m2), and a set of different volumetric air flow rates (from 4.5 to 7.5 m3/h). An approach based on the SST k-ω turbulence model and discrete ordinates (DO) radiation model was proposed. Among all the configurations investigated, the variant with a flow channel height of 25 mm exhibited a higher heat recovery potential. At extreme parameter values (solar irradiance of 900 W/m2, volumetric air flow rate of 7.5 m3/h), the highest heat flux, removed by the air, reached 330 W/m2. The highest thermal efficiency, up to 48.7% and 44.2% for the 25 and 50 mm channel height variants, respectively, was achieved at a solar irradiance of 300 W/m2 and a volumetric air flow rate of 7.5 m3/h. A high correspondence between experimental and numerical results was obtained, indicated by the root mean square percent error (RMSPE) of thermal efficiency at the range from 4.42% to 9.33%. The highest electrical efficiency (5.76%) was achieved for solar irradiance of 600 W/m2 and a volumetric air flow rate of 7.5 m3/h, for the variant with a channel height of 50 mm. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the influence of flow channel geometry and cooling conditions on module performance, supporting the design of more efficient and economically viable BIPV/T systems.
Assessment of Utilizing Hard-to-Recycle Plastic Waste from the Packaging Sector in Architectural Design—Case Study for Experimental Building Material
- Jan Cudzik
- Klaudia Kropisz
2024 Sustainability
The environmental impact of plastic waste has become a significant concern worldwide, prompting innovative approaches to address sustainability challenges, particularly within architectural design. This research paper delves into assessing the environmental impact and sustainability implications of using hard-to-recycle plastic packaging waste in architectural design practices. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, challenges, and potential benefits of repurposing hard-to-recycle plastic packaging waste as building materials in an architectural context. The paper presents a compelling case study showcasing innovative architectural projects that have successfully integrated hard-to-recycle plastic waste. It offers recommendations for future research directions and policy interventions to promote the adoption of hard-to-recycle plastics in environmentally conscious architecture, thereby advancing sustainability goals and fostering a circular economy paradigm within the construction industry. The research paper also highlights a specific experiment conducted using hard-to-recycle plastic waste, illustrating the potential for creative solutions in sustainable architectural design. This study provides valuable insights into the environmental impact and feasibility of repurposing hard-to-recycle plastics as building materials, contributing to ongoing efforts to address sustainability challenges.
At what temperature should the tire rolling resistance be measured?
- Jerzy Ejsmont
- Grzegorz Ronowski
- Truls Berge
- Sławomir Sommer
- Wojciech Owczarzak
- Anna Szerszyńska
2024 Pełny tekst PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
The climate crisis is already an indisputable fact and therefore, it is necessary to reduce energy consumption, and especially energy wasting. One of the ways to reduce energy consumption of motor vehicles is to decrease vehicle movement resistance, including rolling resistance. In order for the optimization of tire rolling resistance to be efficient, it is necessary to apply appropriate optimization criteria that are closely related to typical vehicle traffic conditions. The article discusses the influence of the temperature at which tire rolling resistance tests are carried out on the results obtained. Currently applicable standards require testing of tire rolling resistance at ambient temperatures of 25⁰C (ISO) and 24⁰C (SAE). However, these temperatures are far from the typical temperatures in most areas with intense road traffic. The results obtained at a temperature of 25⁰C do not allow clear conclusions about the tires' performance in more typical thermal conditions prevailing in different seasons. The analyzes presented in the article indicate that better representativeness of the rolling resistance estimates can be obtained by testing summer tires at a temperature of +15⁰C and winter tires at a temperature of -5⁰C.
Attenuation of Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Rats Assisted by Immobilized Probiotic in Sodium Alginate
- José J. Arriaga-Morales
- Cynthia Ordaz-Pichardo
- Roberto Castro Munoz
- Enrique Durán-Páramo
2024 Pełny tekst Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is the most common chronic disease worldwide, characterized mainly by increased glucose concentration in the blood and affecting several organs’ functionality. The daily consumption of probiotic bacteria can help control diabetes and reduce the damage caused. Cell immobilization techniques are a powerful tool that provides physical cell protection to such probiotic bacteria against gastrointestinal conditions. We suggest that cell immobilization could be a significant vector for delivering a high quantity of viable probiotics to the gut, helping attenuate hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. Seventy male Wistar rats were used in this work. Nicotinamide was administrated via intraperitoneal injection 15 minutes before inducing type 2 diabetes (DM2), followed by a second intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce DM2. Rats were divided into seven groups. For 45 days, a specific treatment was applied to each group. The group of rats, supplied with immobilized Lactobacillus casei, showed a serum glucose concentration of 137 mg/dL, which was close to the one observed in the groups of healthy rats (117 mg/dL) and rats treated with metformin (155 mg/dL). The diabetic rats without treatment presented a higher serum glucose concentration (461 mg/dL). In the rats treated with immobilized L. casei, there was no biochemical parameter alteration, and the cell morphology of the analyzed tissues was similar to those of the healthy group. The consumption of immobilized L. casei could allow a high quantity of viable probiotics to be delivered to the gut, reducing serum glucose concentration by up to 70% compared to diabetic rats and reducing organ damage caused by diabetes.
Audytu Krajobrazowego Województwa Pomorskiego Opinia ekspercka dla Karty Krajobrazu Priorytetowego Żuławy: Nowa Cerkiew - Palczewo, symbol obszaru: 22-313.54-36
- Marta Koperska-Kośmicka
2024
Audytu Krajobrazowego Województwa Pomorskiego Opinia ekspercka dla Karty Krajobrazu Priorytetowego Żuławy: Nowa Cerkiew - Palczewo, symbol obszaru: 22-313.54-36
Authenticity of cultural heritage vis-à-vis heritage reproducibility and intangibility: from conservation philosophy to practice
- Elżbieta Nakonieczna
- Jakub Szczepański
2024 Pełny tekst International Journal of Cultural Policy
This article states that the philosophical nature/ambiguity/controversy of the issue of authenticity undermines its usefulness as a tool in conservation practice. The main drawback is the inability to objectively define the notion of authenticity. In conservation philosophy, the meaning of authenticity relativizes along with the widespread consent to the reproducibility of cultural heritage, whereas the recognition of its intangibility negates the sense of authenticity. In the World Heritage (WH) policy and practice, the uselessness/counterproductivity of authenticity as a necessary requirement is visible in the inconsistency of this system in the treatment of the commonly realized reproducibility of cultural heritage, and in relation to heritage with a prevailing intangibility, which is illustrated by the example of Gdańsk as a potential WH site. Although the article provides many arguments for departing from the concept of authenticity in the WH system, authenticity introduces the socially beneficial element of discretion (it cannot be considered binarily), as it forces a discussion that raises cultural awareness in an increasingly homogenized world. Finally, to reduce some inconsistencies in the WH system, this paper recommends restoring autonomy to criterion (vi) in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention.
Auto-Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements Based on Multi-Taper Approach
- Mariusz Dzwonkowski
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
2024 Pełny tekst IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
Measurements of antenna prototypes are normally performed in dedicated, yet costly environments such as anechoic chambers (ACs). However, the AC construction cost might be unjustified when the measurements aim to support education, or budget-tight research. Alternatively, experiments can be realized in non-anechoic regime and refined using appropriate methods. In this letter, a framework for correction of antenna far-field measurements performed in uncontrolled environments based on multi-taper concept has been proposed. The method involves extracting a direct transmission between the measurement system components, while reducing the undesirable factors such as noise and interferences. Performance of the approach has been demonstrated based on a total of 16 tests of two small antennas performed in non-anechoic conditions. The framework has also been compared against the methods form the literature.