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Repozytorium publikacji
Politechniki Gdańskiej

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  • Równoległy filtr aktywny sterowany ze sprzężeniem od prądu zasilającego - badania laboratoryjne
    • Agata Bielecka
    • Daniel Wojciechowski
    2023 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badń laboratoryjnych dla układu filtru aktywnego sterowanego predykcyjnie ze sprzężeniem od prądu zasilającego. Jakość kompensacji harmonicznych prądu realizowana przez badany układ została porównana z poziomem kompensacji tych prądów osiąganym w układzie otwartym oraz układem łączącym w sobie zalety obydwu układów w jednym algorytmie. Badania laboratoryjne przeprowadzono dla pracy filtru z mocą mniejszą niż znamionowa, a także dla przypadku braku kompensacji czasów martwych w układzie.

  • Rubber wastes recycling for developing advanced polymer composites: A warm handshake with sustainability
    • Paulina Wiśniewska
    • Natalia Wójcik
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Henri Vahabi
    • Krzysztof Formela
    • Mohammad Saeb
    2023 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

    Recycling and management of rubber wastes experiences an early-stage maturity in the quest for sustainable and circular materials. Up to now, solutions proposed for sustainable development of rubber wastes are limited, so that properties and performance features of recycled products are inadequate for practical applications. Herein, an experimental protocol is introduced for manufacturing semi-sustainable polymer composites based on ground tire rubber (GTR) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), varying carbon black (CB) content (5–50 phr), CB type, i.e., low-surface area CB (L-CB) and high-surface area CB (H-CB), and EVA/GTR composition (50/50 and 75/25 w/w). Processing (printability potential and fluidity/flexibility), properties (thermal, and mechanical), and performance (fire safety and electrical conductivity) features of the resulting composites are analyzed and interpreted. Highly-loaded 50/50 GTR/EVA systems reveal promising properties and performance. The flexibility of product is promising for additive manufacturing. Tensile strength is independent from CB type and blend composition, while elongation at break change pursuing a percolation threshold for CB ≤ 10 phr and CB > 10 phr depending on CB type. Thermal stability is considerable for 50/50/50 (w/w)/phr GTR/EVA/CB system with high amount of GTR. A long-standing flame retardancy is observed for 50/50/50 GTR/EVA/L-CB and 50/50/25 GTR/EVA/H-CB (w/w)/phr composites. A frequency-independent direct current (DC) branch is appeared by increasing temperature at low-frequency region, characteristic of rubber-like dielectric materials. The DC part is intensified even at low temperatures (<10 °C) when CB content increased, so that percolation thresholds are 5 phr and 10 phr for H-CB and L-CB loaded blends, respectively. This work opens new gates of hope towards development of fully sustainable polymer composites from recycled rubber wastes.

  • Rural Building in Opole Silesia During the Period of the Frederician Colonization
    • Dariusz Bajno
    • Marcin Fiutak
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2023

    The aim of the article is to present the rural construction in the Opole countryside (Poland) during the “Frederician colonization”. Showing socio-economic areas of Opole villages, differing from each other, the differences of which resulted from the environmental conditions influencing the processes of enfranchisement and industrialization. These processes at the turn of the 17th and 19th centuries influenced the image of the Opole and Upper Silesian villages as well as the development of skeleton and brick construction. By gradually analyzing individual regions of Opole Silesia, one can notice large-scale changes in rural construction, differences in the population density and multiculturalism of the inhabitants of the Opole region, showing the complex settlement process, the effects of which can be seen in the Opole countryside to the present day. The article will discuss the process of “Frederician colonization” and its impact on the change of architecture in the region, as well as the accompanying construction and conservation techniques. A look at regional construction from the turn of the 17th and 19th centuries brings closer the cultural heritage of the region's architecture, allows you to deepen your knowledge of architectural forms and techniques of erecting objects of a bygone era, thus enabling the protection of the historical substance of rural regions of Opole Silesia. The article will also discuss the degree of preservation of the historic substance described above along with the forecast of their durability in the further period of operation.

  • Ryzyko strat odgromowych a systemy fotowoltaiczne
    • Leszek Litzbarski
    • Marek Olesz
    • Konrad Seklecki
    • Mikołaj Nowak
    2023 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Artykuł opisuje wybrane zagrożenia związane z eksploatacją instalacji fotowoltaicznych oraz sposoby zmniejszania związanego z tym ryzyka. Opisano wpływ instalacji fotowoltaicznej na wzrost ryzyka strat odgromowych określony na podstawie obliczeń wykonanych za pomocą programu DEHN Risk Tool. Wykonano symulacje dla trzech przypadków: elektrownie fotowoltaiczne o różnej mocy, budynek jednorodzinny usytuowany w wybranych lokalizacjach oraz obiekty o znacznej kubaturze różniące się przeznaczeniem.

  • Saccharides
    • Hanna Staroszczyk
    2023

    Saccharides are widely distributed in nature as the major component of fruits and vegetables (primarily monosaccharides), milk and malt (mainly disaccharides), and grains (mostly polysaccharides). They are an important source of energy, structural material, as well as flavor and taste factors. Molecules of this class of compounds contain mainly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; however, most natural saccha- rides do not have a simple chemical composition but occur as oligomers or polymers, in pure, oxidized, or reduced form, as derivatives of amines, esters, and ethers, as well as protein- or lipid-bound molecules. The variety of saccharide structures, the size, shape, and chemical composition of their molecules, as well as the diversity of their physicochemical properties, affect the functional properties and nutritional value of foods.

  • Samorządowi konserwatorzy zabytków jako wykonawcy zadań wojewódzkich konserwatorów zabytków. Krótkie podsumowanie eksperymentu.
    • Robert Hirsch
    2023 Pełny tekst Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

    Artykuł dotyczy kwestii realizacji jednego z zadań z zakresu ochrony zabytków przez samorządy lokalne. Przedstawiono kwestię wykonywania zadań z zakresu administracji rządowej przez samorządowych konserwatorów zabytków na podstawie porozumień wojewodów z samorządami lokalnymi. Rozwiązanie to związane były ze znacznymi oczekiwaniami środowiska konserwatorskiego. Po ponad 20 latach funkcjonowania samorządowych konserwatorów zabytków, wykonujących powierzone zadania WKZ można już częściowo podsumować efektywność tego rozwiązania. Doświadczenia nie są jednak jednoznaczne. Obok wielu korzyści i dobrego funkcjonowania współpracy organów państwowych i samorządowych na bazie porozumień, są też przykłady braku współpracy i w efekcie rozwiązywania takich porozumień, zwłaszcza w ostatnich 10 latach. Skłania to do wniosku, że rozwiązanie to nie może być traktowane jako optymalne i konieczne są dalsze zmiany w celu jego poprawy.

  • Satellite Laser Ranging technique as a tool for the determination of the Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects
    • Maciej Matyszewski
    • Paweł Łejba
    • Marcin Jagoda
    • Paweł Tysiąc
    2023 Pełny tekst REPORTS ON GEODESY AND GEOINFORMATICS

    Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) is a modern technique used in various research areas and applications related to geodesy and geodynamics. It is commonly used for tasks such as establishing the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), monitoring Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), determining the geocenter, measuring fundamental physical constants, calibrating microwave tracking techniques, conducting time transfer experiments, and studying gravitational and general relativistic effects. Laser measurements of the LARES and LAGEOS satellites are used to determine the relativistic effects acting on these satellites. The objective of the present research is to analyze the perturbing forces of relativistic origin (Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects) acting on the LARES, LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 satellites. By using data from fifteen SLR measurement stations, the precise orbits of these satellites were determined over a span of 840 hours using the GEODYN II orbital software package. The calculation process used a set of procedures, models of forces, and constants that are currently recommended by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) and the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS). Based on the precise orbits of the LARES, LAGEOS-1, and LAGEOS-2 satellites, calculations were made to determine the values of relativistic accelerations acting on these satellites. These values oscillate with a period equal to half of the orbital period for the de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects, and a quarter of the orbital period for the Schwarzschild effect.

  • Scale effect in the self-propulsion prediction for Ultra Large Container Ship with contra-rotating propellers
    • Hanna Pruszko
    • Maciej Reichel
    • Krzysztof Czerski
    • Marek Necel
    • Julia Schmale
    • Sören Brüns
    2023 Pełny tekst

    This article addresses the problem of the scale effect for an Ultra Large Container Ship (ULCS) with a novel twin-crp-pod propulsion system. Twin-crp-pod steering-propulsion arrangement is an innovative solution that gains from three well-known systems: twin-propeller, contra-rotating propellers and pod propulsors. It is expected that applying the twin-crp-pod system to the analysed Ultra Large Container Ship will increase propulsion efficiency and manoeuvring safety. To prove that, a series of model tests have been carried out, including towing tank tests and free-sailing manoeuvring tests. The scope of the presented simulations included calm water resistance simulations and self-propulsion tests for the full-scale and model-scale vessels. The model-scale calculations have been performed at a scale of 1:37.416. During self-propulsion simulations, the required front and aft propeller revolutions were searched to find the optimum power balance. Calculations were performed for the ship design speed and constant front-to-aft propeller revolutions ratio. The case study vessel was a 400m Ultra Large Container Ship. CFD Simulations were performed using the unsteady RANS approach. The sliding mesh approach with a rotating region around the local coordinate system was used to model the propeller directly. The flow was turbulent with the k-ω SST turbulence model applied. The second-order implicit temporal discretisation scheme was applied. Parallel, due to the early stage of research, an extrapolation method including the wake scaling, propellers interactions and pod housing resistance is being elaborated. Later on, the model-scale CFD results will be extrapolated and compared to the results of the full-scale simulations. As for now, the comparison included the total resistance of the bare hull, wake fraction, relative rotational efficiency, thrust deduction and propeller revolution required to achieve the self-propulsion point.

  • Scaling scrum with a customized nexus framework: A report from a joint industry‐academia research project
    • Andrzej Joskowski
    • Adam Przybyłek
    • Bartosz Marcinkowski
    2023 Pełny tekst SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE

    espite a wide range of scaling frameworks available, large-scale agile transformations are not straightforward undertakings. Few organizations have structures in place that fit the predefined workflows – while once one applies an off-the-shelf framework outside of its prescribed process, guidance quickly runs out. In this paper, we demonstrate how to instantiate a method configuration process using a lightweight experimental approach embedded in Action Research cycles. The proposed approach was developed to assist practitioners working on a multiple-team project at Intel Technology Poland to find the right practices to continue their Nexus-based transformation and integrate their in-house method into the already established company structures, processes, and routines. In particular, it enabled identifying a series of challenges with scaled practices and coping with those. The challenges ranged from logistical problems, through poor availability of the Product Owner, to lackluster knowledge transfer and a wide array of communication/coordination issues at meetings. The study broadens the current body of knowledge within technology management and the scaled agile method-tailoring domain. It indicates potential corrective actions that may be taken advantage of by entities that are not inclined, due to organizational constraints, to directly implement an off-the-shelf framework. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that a gradual transition to large-scale agile at the project level (1) is possible with the preservation of traditional command-and-control management practices; (2) requires neither middle management involvement nor upfront investment; and (3) does not need to disrupt the continuous delivery of the product.

  • Scarabaeidae as human food – A comprehensive review
    • Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
    • K.a. Ampofo
    • E.k. Dery
    • A.m. Eddy-Doh
    • Roberto Castro Munoz
    • M. Pushpalatha
    • I. Fernando
    2023 Pełny tekst Journal of Insects as Food and Feed

    Rising global population and sustainable protein demand have sparked interest in unique food sources. Entomophagy, or insect consumption, presents a solution and Scarab beetles, part of the Scarabaeidae family, offer a novel food option. The comprehensive review underscores their potential as human food, with strong nutrition, low environmental impact, and the ability to ease strain on conventional agriculture. Nutritional analysis reveals rich protein content, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Scarab beetles’ beneficial fatty acid profile and healthy fats position them as a superior protein source to traditional livestock. Scarabaeidae excel in feed conversion, emit fewer greenhouse gases, and require minimal land, establishing them as an ecologically sustainable protein source. Cultural attitudes towards insect consumption vary; history exists in some regions while skepticism prevails in others. Highlighting nutritional advantages, organizing outreach, and introducing processed scarab products could enhance acceptance. The review addresses challenges including mass rearing, processing, allergens, and toxins. Evolving insect-based food regulations require cautious consideration. Success depends on multidisciplinary efforts including nutrition, environmental sustainability, cultural openness, and regulatory alignment. Continued research and collaboration are essential to fully unlock Scarabaeidae’s potential as a sustainable, nutritious food source for our growing global population.

  • Scheduling for Industrial Control Traffic Using Massive MIMO and Large Intelligent Surfaces
    • Emma Fitzgerald
    • Michał Pióro
    2023

    Industry 4.0, with its focus on flexibility and customizability, is pushing in the direction of wireless communication in future smart factories, in particular massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and its future evolution Large Intelligent Surfaces (LIS), which provide more reliable channel quality than previous technologies. As such, there arises the need to perform efficient scheduling of industrial control traffic in massive MIMO systems, in a way that meets its highly stringent latency and reliability requirements. In this paper, we provide mixed-integer programming optimization formulations to perform this scheduling, while minimizing the use of radio resources. We give formulations for both fixed and variable schedule frame lengths. We tested our formulations in numerical experiments with varying traffic profiles and numbers of nodes, up to a maximum of 32 nodes. For all problem instances tested, we were able to calculate an optimal schedule within less than 1 s, making our approach feasible for use in real deployment scenarios.

  • Screening of predicted synergistic multi-target therapies in glioblastoma identifies new treatment strategies
    • Megan Houweling
    • Anna Giczewska
    • Abdul Kulsoom
    • Ninke Nieuwenhuis
    • Asli Küçükosmanoglu
    • Krzysztof Pastuszak
    • Rogier C Buijsman
    • Peter Wesseling
    • Laurine Wedekind
    • David Noske
    • Anna Supernat
    • David Bailey
    • Colin Watts
    • Thomas Wurdinger
    • Bart Westerman
    2023 Pełny tekst Neuro-Oncology Advances

    Abstract Background IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor with a median survival of 15 months after standard of care, which highlights the need for improved therapy. Personalized combination therapy has shown to be successful in many other tumor types and could be beneficial for GBM patients. Methods We performed the largest drug combination screen to date in GBM, using a high-throughput effort where we selected 90 drug combinations for their activity onto 25 patient-derived GBM cultures. 43 drug combinations were selected for interaction analysis based on their monotherapy efficacy and were tested in a short-term (3 days) as well as long-term (18 days) assay. Synergy was assessed using dose-equivalence and multiplicative survival metrics. Results We observed a consistent synergistic interaction for 15 out of 43 drug combinations on patient-derived GBM cultures. From these combinations, 11 out of 15 drug combinations showed a longitudinal synergistic effect on GBM cultures. The highest synergies were observed in the drug combinations Lapatinib with Thapsigargin and Lapatinib with Obatoclax Mesylate, both targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and affecting the apoptosis pathway. To further elaborate on the apoptosis cascade, we investigated other, more clinically relevant, apoptosis inducers and observed a strong synergistic effect while combining Venetoclax (BCL targeting) and AZD5991 (MCL1 targeting). Conclusions Overall, we have identified via a high-throughput drug screening several new treatment strategies for GBM. Moreover, an exceptionally strong synergistic interaction was discovered between kinase targeting and apoptosis induction which is suitable for further clinical evaluation as multi-targeted combination therapy.

  • Screen-printed Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic dye removal from wastewater: A technological perspective
    • Atasheh Soleimani-Gorgani
    • Hussein Al-Hazmi
    • Amin Esmaeili
    • Sajjad Habibzadeh
    2023 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

    TiO2 is widely used as a photocatalyst with a wide band gap, which limited its application. Ion doping and formulating a high-quality screen-printing paste enhance its features. However, the printability of objects for advanced application seems essential nowadays. In this research, the Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared through a sol-gel method followed by calcination at various temperatures of 450 °C, 550 °C, 650 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C. Screen-printing pastes were prepared with 18 wt% of the synthesized Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles to evaluate photocatalytic activity. Finally, the prepared paste with optimum nanoparticle concentration was screen printed onto the microscope glass slides at various printing times (1, 3, and 5 runs) and annealed at 500 °C temperature to investigate the thickness of printed Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles effect. The photocatalytic activity and crystal structure of nano Sn-doped-TiO2 were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were conducted to investigate the size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles, respectively. The highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue was obtained at the calcination temperature of 450 °C.

  • Scrutiny of power grids by penetrating PV energy in wind farms: a case study of the wind corridor of Jhampir, Pakistan
    • Arsalan Muhammad Soomar
    • Lyu Guanghua
    • Shoaib Shaikh
    • Syed Hadi Hussain Shah
    • Piotr Musznicki
    2023 Pełny tekst Frontiers in Energy Research

    This study examines the problems caused by intermittent renewable energy sources, especially wind farms, and suggests a different solar energy penetration strategy to improve their loading capacity. The study uses real-time data from a wind farm in Jhampir, Pakistan, to analyse and assess various aspects of grid stations connected to wind farms. Electrical Transient Analyzer Program is used to validate the results by linking these with actual grid system. The article focuses on creating a model for a grid connected to a wind farm and the simulation of outcomes following capacity expansion, with the installation of an autotransformer. The original capacity of the wind farm was 750 MW, which was increased to 1,250 MW, i.e., 1.66 times the actual capability. Furthermore, this capacity was further enhanced to 1,540 MW, which becomes 1.23 times the previous capacity by the penetration of a photovoltaic power plant

  • "SDG # pawilon tematyczny"-plakat do wystawy
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2023

    plakat prezentujący założenia wystawianych projektów

  • "SDG # pawilon tematyczny"-wystawa projektów studenckich
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    • Alicja Karaś
    2023

    Zgromadzenie Ogólne Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych w 2015 roku przyjęło Rezolucję 70/1 “Przekształcamy nasz świat: Agenda na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju 2030”. Jest to plan działań na rzecz ludzi, planety i dobrobytu oraz wzmocnienia powszechnego pokoju w warunkach większej wolności. Jest wdrażany przez wszystkie kraje w ramach współpracy partnerskiej. Agenda 2030 wyrażona jest poprzez 17 Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (SDG Sustainable Development Goals) i 169 towarzyszących im działań. Projekty studenckie miały na celu stworzenie 'pawilonów tematycznych’ uwzględniających realizację jednego, wybranego celu. Pawilon łatwy w transporcie (3x6x4,5m), o konstrukcji umożliwiającej przemieszczanie, jest propozycją dla Gdańska na zabezpieczenie potrzeb lokalnych widzianych przez pryzmat Agendy 2030. Zaproponowane usytuowanie uwzględnia specyfikę miasta i atuty miejsca. Przyjęte funkcje są propozycjami autorskimi. Zgodnie z założeniami projektu, każdy obiekt musi jednocześnie umożliwiać zamieszkiwanie w sytuacjach kryzysowych.

  • SDGs implementation, their synergies, and trade-offs in EU countries – Sensitivity analysis-based approach
    • Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
    • Iwona Markowicz
    • Agnieszka Somplska-Rzechuła
    2023 Pełny tekst ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS

    Sustainable development is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. Its basic principle is to improve people’s well-being and maintain it over time. In 2015, the United Nations approved 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to ensure a better and sustainable future for all, balancing economic, social and environmental development. SDGs create an ‘indivisible whole’; thus, examining their interactions is crucial. Our goals were twofold: (i) to assess the implementation degree of SDGs in EU countries and (ii) to examine the interactions between goals. The potential to achieve a given SDG is approximated by a composite indicator, calculated based on an innovative method of implementing tools derived from sensitivity analysis (SA). Respecting the degree of variability of individual variables and their correlation, we set the weights to equalise their importance. Moreover, the application of SA allows us to remove strongly correlated variables that are not transferring supplementary information. We use countries’ linear ordering and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to assess interactions between SDGs. Our research shows that Scandinavian countries predominately occupy the leading positions, respectively, eight times on the podium for Sweden and four by Denmark (of which three as a leader). The Netherlands also stands out, occupying the superior position in the performance of SDGs 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 12 and 17. The top in achieving one of the most priority area – no poverty (SDG1) belongs to Czechia. Our study confirmed the results obtained by many researchers regarding the more potent synergy between SDGs compared to the trade-offs. The only trade-offs observed in our study relate to SDG15, which negatively correlated with SDG3 and 17. Furthermore, SDG7 was the only one not associated with others.

  • Sea, River, Lake Ice Properties and Their Applications in Practices
    • Zhijun Li
    • Tomasz Kolerski
    • Li Zhou
    • Xiao-Hong Shi
    • Zhengyong Zhang
    • Fang Li
    2023 Pełny tekst Water

    This Special Issue aims to highlight research articles focusing on the geographical scale of glacier and lake ice variations, as well as the engineering scale of ice properties and their practical applications via laboratory tests and numerical modeling. Additionally, it includes research on ecosystems under lake ice. The main goal is successfully achieved through the joint efforts of authors, anonymous reviewers, and editorial managers. In total, 1 review article and 15 research articles are included in this Special Issue. These articles cover a wide range of topics, including water resources from Chinese mountain glacier variation; lake ice phenology at different latitudes and altitudes around the world; ice properties from laboratory experiments and numerical modeling; ice engineering with different purposes in China and the Arctic; and ecosystem under lake ice at different temporal and spatial scales. This Special Issue received contributions from researchers from different parts of China and from Chinese international cooperation partners because of its focus on “higher temperature ice” under global warming. All papers presented are innovative and of high quality. This Special Issue can promote research on ice properties and their applications in practices ranging from mountains to sea, especially in popular water ecosystem environments under ice during seasonal ice period.

  • Sea spray as a secondary source of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants? - Conclusions from a comparison of seven fresh snowfall events in 2019 and 2021
    • Filip Pawlak
    • Krystyna Koziol
    • Marcin Frankowski
    • Łukasz Nowicki
    • Christelle Marlin
    • Anna Maria Sulej-Suchomska
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    2023 Pełny tekst SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

    Secondary sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) gain in importance worldwide as primary sources decline. In this work, we aim to determine whether sea spray may be a secondary source of chlorinated POPs to the terrestrial Arctic, since a similar mechanism was proposed there only for the more water-soluble POPs. To this end, we have determined polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides concentrations in fresh snow and seawater collected in the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund in two sampling periods covering spring 2019 and 2021. To support our interpretations, we include also metal and metalloid, and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes analysis in those samples. A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of POPs and the distance from the sea at the sampling point, yet the confirmation of sea spray impact lies more in capturing an event with negligible long-range transport influence where the detected chlorinated POPs (Cl-POPs) matched in composition the compounds enriched in the sea surface microlayer, which is both a source of sea spray and a seawater microenvironment rich in hydrophobic substances.

  • Searching for the primary metabolic alterations of polycystic ovary syndrome by application of the untargeted metabolomics approach
    • Anna Rajska
    • Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta
    • Szymon Macioszek
    • Renata Wawrzyniak
    • Paweł Wityk
    • Andrzej Berger
    • Agnieszka Kowalewska
    • Dominik Rachon
    • Michal Markuszewski
    2023 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS

    Despite a large number of studies, the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) still remains unexplained. In light of ambiguous observations reported in metabolomics, there is a need to carry out studies focusing on confirming the discriminating power of the proposed metabolomics biomarkers. Our research aimed to perform a validation study of metabolites detected in our previous study from serum samples, on the new set of samples obtained from PCOS women and healthy controls to confirm previously selected compounds. Additionally, the second biological matrix – urine – was used to get a more comprehensive insight into metabolic alterations. We applied two analytical techniques – gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to analyze both serum and urine samples obtained from 35 PCOS patients and 35 healthy women. Thank to our approach, we identified and described a comprehensive set of metabolites altered in PCOS patients. Results of our study indicate increased steroid hormone synthesis, alteration in sphingo- and phospholipids metabolism, and disturbed fatty acids metabolism. Moreover, the citric acid cycle, γ-glutamyl cycle, vitamin B metabolism, and a few primary amino acids like tryptophan, phenylalanine, histidine, and alanine are altered.

  • Security of Cryptocurrencies: A View on the State-of-the-Art Research and Current Developments
    • Paweł Weichbroth
    • Kacper Wereszko
    • Helena Anacka
    • Jolanta Kowal
    2023 Pełny tekst SENSORS

    [Context] The goal of security is to protect digital assets, devices, and services from being disrupted, exploited or stolen by unauthorized users. It is also about having reliable information available at the right time. [Motivation] Since the inception in 2009 of the first cryptocurrency, few studies have been undertaken to analyze and review the state-of-the-art research and current developments with respect to the security of cryptocurrencies. [Purpose] We aim to provide both theoretical and empirical insights into the security landscape, in particular focusing on both technical solutions and human-related facets. [Methodology] We used an integrative review which could help in building science and scholarly research, the basis for conceptual and empirical models. [Results] Successful defense against cyberattacks depends on technical measures on the one hand, as well as on self-education and training with the aim to develop competence, knowledge, skills and social abilities, on the other. [Contribution] Our findings provide a comprehensive review for the major achievements and developments of the recent progress on the security of cryptocurrencies. [Future research] Since there is increasing interest in adoption of the current solutions within the central bank digital currencies, the future research should explore the development and inception of effective measures against social engineering attacks, which still remain the main concern.

  • Seismic performance evaluation of steel buckling-restrained braced frames including SMA materials
    • Farzin Kazemi
    • Robert Jankowski
    2023 JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH

    The permanent deformation of the building after seismic excitations can be determined by the Maximum Residual Interstory Drift Ratio (MR-IDR), which may be used for measuring the damage states. Low-post yield stiffness of the steel buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) makes this system vulnerable to large MR-IDR after a severe earthquake event. To overcome this issue, this paper investigates the seismic limit state performances of low- to mid-rise BRBFs with two- to eight-story levels (i.e. 2-Story, 4-Story, 6-Story, and 8-Story) adopting different lateral force-resisting systems using Viscous Dampers (VDs) and Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). For this purpose, BRBFs improved with different implementation of SMAs and VDs, and Incremental Dynamic Analyses (IDAs) were performed based on Maximum Interstory Drift Ratio (M-IDR) and MR-IDR demands. Results showed that VDs and SMAs can decrease the values of maximum moment and rotation of hinges of structural members. Implementing both SMAs and VDs can significantly improve the seismic performance level and collapse failure probability of BRBFs more effectively than using one of the VDs or SMAs; then, it can be recommended to control the MR-IDR of BRBFs. To use the results, graphical user interface has been developed to estimate the improvements in the M-IDR and MR-IDR demands.

  • Seismic Response Analysis of Knee-Braced Steel Frames Using Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)
    • Benyamin Mohebi
    • Farzin Kazemi
    • Atefeh Yousefi
    2023

    Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are known as active materials that can be widely ‎used for structural purposes due to their flag-shape behavior under loading and ‎reloading. Their unique characteristics provided a potential solution for civil engi-‎neers especially to model buildings with the capability of dissipating seismic en-‎ergy. In this study, the main purpose is to explore the seismic behavior of Knee-‎Braced Frames (KBFs) and use SMA materials in the knee member as the repa-‎rable member that plays a crucial role in dissipating energy. For this aim, the four, ‎eight, and twelve stories (‎i.e. 4-Story, 8-Story and 12-Story) structures with lat-‎eral resisting systems of Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF), Knee Braced ‎Frame (KBF), and a KBF ‎with SMA member (KBF-SMA) have been modelled ‎using Opensees. To validate the modelling procedure of SMA members, ‎ABAQUS software was used. Then, Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) was ‎performed for seismic response assessment of structures assuming Sa(T1) as in-‎tensity measure and maximum interstory drift ratio (IDR) and residual roof drift ‎ratio (RIDR) as Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs). The results showed ‎that the KBF-SMA system decreased the RIDR by 32.34% at given Sa(T1) from ‎‎0 to 2(g), and 41.79% at given Sa(T1) from 2 to 4(g), respectively, compared to ‎the values of CBF system. In addition, compared to the values of the KBF sys-‎tem, the RIDR decreased by 22 % at given Sa(T1) from 2 to 4(g), and 87.18% at ‎given Sa(T1) from 4 to 6(g), respectively.‎

  • Selected Aspects of 3D Printing for Emergency Replacement of Structural Elements
    • Krzysztof Jasiński
    • Lech Murawski
    • Marcin Kluczyk
    • Adam Muc
    • Adam Szeleziński
    • Tomasz Muchowski
    • Marek Chodnicki
    2023 Pełny tekst Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal

    The paper presents a synthetic characterization of modern methods of manufacturing or regenerating machine elements. Considered methods are machining and additive methods, in particular 3D printing in the FDM/FFF technique. For the study, the authors made samples of the holder bracket using selected methods. Samples made by machining operations, 3D printing with various filling were tested. The paper contains a technical and economic analysis of the production of a holder bracket using the discussed methods. The dynamics of steel and FDM/FFF printed samples were also assessed by determining their resonance curves. The vibration magnification fac-tors were analyzed – the quotient of the vibration amplitudes in the resonance to the static deformations that occurred under the influence of the constant force and the location of the vibration resonances – the natural frequencies for individual vibration modes. The study’s main objective is to assess the possibility of emergency changing the manufacturing technology of selected machine components. The authors were interested in partially replacing costly and not environmentally friendly milling with 3D printing. Machine elements can be manufactured by printing in classical machine building and emergency conditions to replace a damaged component temporarily (e.g., on a ship, for the time of arrival at a port or shipyard). The main assumption guiding the authors during the preparation of this publication was the analysis of the possibility of using the production of “ad hoc” prepared spare parts and their use in the event of a lack of access to parts made of the intended materials.

  • Selecting an Applicable Cybersecurity Assessment Framework: Qualitative Metrics-Based Multiple-Factor Analysis
    • Rafał Leszczyna
    2023 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS

    Recently, a survey of cybersecurity assessment methods focused on general characteristics was conducted. Among its major findings, it revealed the methods’ adoption issues. This paper presents a follow-up to the study. It provides an in-depth analysis of the methods’ adoption-related properties based on qualitative metrics. As a result, the proposals which demonstrate a higher adoption potential were identified. The methods are good candidates for first-order improvements that would lead to obtaining solutions that would ultimately meet a broader application. The evaluations were performed by a single analyst, based on descriptions and individual observations. The major contribution of the study is related to providing a new view on method characteristics in reference to a systematic set of qualitative metrics and showing a path to selecting the method most suitable to a given context in terms of applicability and usability.

  • Selecting cost-effective risk control option for advanced maritime operations; Integration of STPA-BN-Influence diagram
    • Sunil Basnet
    • Ahmad BahooToroody
    • Jakub Montewka
    • Meriam Chaal
    • Osiris Valdez Banda
    2023 Pełny tekst OCEAN ENGINEERING

    Advanced maritime operations, such as remote pilotage, are vulnerable to new emergent risks due to increased system complexity and a multitude of interactions. Thus, maritime researchers this decade have combined Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) and Bayesian Network (BN) to effectively manage these risks. Although these methods are effective in identifying hazards and analyzing risk levels, none of the STPA-BN studies provides a systematic process for selecting a cost-effective combination of risk control measures. Cost-benefit analysis is crucial for organizations to make informed risk-based decisions in allocating available resources for risk mitigation and achieve a balance between risk reduction (benefits) and costs associated with risk control measures. This study offers an innovative method of integrating the STPA-BN-Influence diagram for risk-based decision-making through a cost-benefit analysis. The model automatically evaluates the costs and benefits of all possible risk control options and proposes the optimum cost-effective solution. In the current study, the methodology is illustrated with a case study of remote pilotage operation, where 524,288 different risk control options (combinations of 19 risk control measures) are assessed to select an optimal risk control option. The case study results indicate that the proposed methodology is more significant when the number of risk control measures increases.

  • Selection of Electrode Material for Inconel 617/P92 Steel SMAW Dissimilar Welds
    • Amit Kumar
    • Shailesh M. Pandey
    • Abir Bhattacharyya
    • Dariusz Fydrych
    • Sachin Sirohi
    • Chandan Pandey
    2023 JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME

    The present work aimed to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar shielded metal arc welded (SMAW) joint of Alloy 617 and P92 steel for advanced ultrasupercritical boilers. The SMAW joint was produced using three different types of electrodes, namely, ENiCrFe-3, ENiCrMo-3, and ENiCrCoMo-1. During microstructural observation of the welded joints, no possible cracking was detected in the weldments. The dissimilar metal welds (DMWs) obtained using the ENiCrCoMo-1 electrode showed the maximum tensile strength, while the minimum was obtained for the ENiCrFe-3 electrode. Among all the electrodes, the ENiCrFe-3 electrode exhibited the maximum impact toughness, while the minimum was obtained for ENiCrCoMo-1 electrodes. Based on microstructure and mechanical characterization, the ENiCrFe-3 electrode was selected as the best one among all to produce the DMW of Alloy 617 and P92 steel.

  • Selective jamming of OFDM transmission in NB-IoT radio interface
    • Jarosław Magiera
    2023

    The paper presents the concept of smart jamming, which involves selective interference aimed at critical components of the OFDM signal. Research verifying the feasibility of this type of electronic attack are described. A realized testbed for jamming real NB-IoT signals in a downlink is presented. The test results demonstrate the feasibility of realizing selective jamming and its greater effectiveness compared to barrage interference.

  • Selektywne zakłócanie transmisji OFDM w interfejsie radiowym NB-IoT
    • Jarosław Magiera
    2023 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

    W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie tzw. inteligentnego zagłuszania, polegającego na selektywnym zakłócaniu krytycznych składowych sygnału OFDM. Opisane zostały badania weryfikujące możliwość przeprowadzenia tego rodzaju ataku elektronicznego. Przedstawiono zrealizowane stanowisko badawcze, umożliwiające zakłócanie rzeczywistych sygnałów NB-IoT w łączu w dół. Wyniki badań wykazują możliwość realizacji selektywnego zagłuszania i jego większą skuteczność w stosunku do zakłócania zaporowego.

  • Self-Adaptive Mesh Generator for Global Complex Roots and Poles Finding Algorithm
    • Sebastian Dziedziewicz
    • Małgorzata Warecka
    • Rafał Lech
    • Piotr Kowalczyk
    2023 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES

    In any global method of searching for roots and poles, increasing the number of samples increases the chances of finding them precisely in a given area. However, the global complex roots and poles finding algorithm (GRPF) (as one of the few) has direct control over the accuracy of the results. In addition, this algorithm has a simple condition for finding all roots and poles in a given area: it only requires a sufficiently dense initial grid. However, in practice, this requirement may turn out to be very difficult to implement. For a complex and sophisticated function, the use of a regular high-density mesh may be ineffective or even impossible due to limited computational resources. In this article, a method for creating a self-adaptive initial mesh for this algorithm is presented. The proposed solution uses gradient calculation to identify areas that require mesh refinement, including areas where a zero and a pole are in close proximity. The adaptive mesh allows for faster and more accurate analysis of functions with a much smaller number of samples. As shown in the numerical examples, this approach reduces the number of function calls by several orders of magnitude, and thus significantly reduces the computational time.

  • Self-assembly of secondary aryl amides in cocrystals with perfluoroaryl coformers: structural analysis and synthon preferences
    • Jan Alfuth
    • Katarzyna Kazimierczuk
    • Tadeusz Połoński
    • Teresa Olszewska
    2023 CRYSTENGCOMM

    Cooperation of aryl⋯perfluoroaryl stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds was utilized in the construction of six novel cocrystals of aromatic cis-amides with pentafluorobenzoic acid (pfba) and pentafluorophenol (pfp). They were obtained by crystallization from solution and structurally characterized. In four instances, the components form heterotetrameric motifs, in which amide:amide homodimer interacts symmetrically on two sides via hydrogen bonds with coformer molecules (pfba or pfp). In general, in these cocrystals the main synthon is maintained regardless of which coformer is used. For phenanthridin-6(5H)-one (in which the amide group is more sterically hindered compared to other studied lactams) different patterns were observed. Its cocrystallization with pfba led to the formation of heterodimeric units, whereas combination with pfp gave quite unique crystal structure where pfp molecules were incorporated between the lactam homodimers. Also, the accessibility of oxygen atoms of the lactam dimers to form hydrogen bonds was evaluated using molecular electrostatic potential (MEP).

  • Sensing the onset of epoxy coating degradation with combined Raman spectroscopy/atomic force microscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
    • Michał Szociński
    • Kazimierz Darowicki
    2023 Pełny tekst PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS

    The paper presents the results of investigation on epoxy resin durability upon 12-week exposure to UV radiation. The aim was early determination of the onset of epoxy degradation and for this purpose an epoxy film on steel substrate systems were periodically inspected using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The behaviour of examined polymer could be divided into three periods: immunity, degradation initiation and failure. Early degradation initiation could be sensed only with Raman spectroscopy and AFM topography imaging where decrease in intensity of particular Raman peaks and discrete changes in topography constituted the fingerprints of UV-induced changes. At this stage electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and local dc current mapping with AFM did not provide any signs of forthcoming degradation since the epoxy film still exhibited sufficient barrier properties. Obtained results can be helpful in proper selection of investigation techniques in the situations where precise evaluation of polymer degradation onset is of key importance.

  • Sequential treatment of landfill leachate by electrocoagulation/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV and electro-Fenton: Performance, biodegradability and toxicity studies
    • Mohammad Reza Khavari Kashani
    • Qilin Wang
    • Masoumeh Khatebasreh
    • Xuan Li
    • Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    • Farshid Ghanbari
    2023 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

    This study presents a systematic study on sequential treatment of highly resistant landfill leachate by electrocoagulation (EC)/aeration, sulfate radical advanced oxidation process (SR-AOP) and electro-Fenton (EF). In case of SR-AOP, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalyzed by zero valent iron (ZVI) and ultraviolet irradiation (UV) system was developed. Treatment process was optimized in respect to COD removal. Analysis of results revealed that sequential application of EC/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV, and EF processes provide an extraordinary performance and meet the environmental regulations. The source of iron for EF process was provided from previous process reducing the cost of sequential process. Separately, EC/aeration (inlet COD = 4040 mg/L), PMS/ZVI/UV (inlet COD = 1560 mg/L), and EF (inlet COD = 471 mg/L) removed 61, 69 and 82% of COD respectively. Overall, sequential processes of EC/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV and EF could remove the COD, TOC and ammonia of the landfill leachate around 98%, 93% and 94%, respectively. The comparison of different sequences of following processes indicated that current configuration (EC/aeration-PMS/ZVI/UV-EF) could meet the discharge standards. Furthermore, humification degree was significantly improved after oxidative processes. Biodegradability study was also performed by means of BOD/COD, average oxidation state (AOS), and Zahn-Wellens test, and the best results associated with these indices were obtained 0.56, 2.37, and over 98%, respectively. Phytotoxicity of leachate was remarkably reduced and the final effluent can be considered as a non-phytotoxic wastewater.

  • Settlement of a historic building due to seepage-induced soil deformation
    • Paweł Popielski
    • Bartosz Bednarz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2023 Pełny tekst Archives of Civil Engineering

    The research paper reviews issues associated with the impact of groundwater flow on soil characteristics and parameters, hence, the entire structure of a building set on it. Water seepage through the ground, building subsoil or structural elements of buildings made of soil affects the soil skeleton and may lead to changes in the arrangement of individual grains relative to each other, i.e., a modified soil structure. Soil solid phase (soil skeleton) deformations resulting from seepage forces are called seepage-induced deformations. The article characterizes typical seepage-induced deformations and specifies a criterion defining the beginning of the phenomenon. The case study involved using data on cracks and deformations in a historic building, as well as water seepage in its subsoil. Seepage was analysed, and zones where the seepage process initiation criterion was exceeded, were determined based on subsoil water level monitoring data. The determined zones coincide with the location of building cracks and scratches and confirm the possible cause behind building damage.

  • Shaking table experimental study on models of steel buildings with different types of joints
    • Tomasz Jaroszewski
    • Mahmoud Miari
    • Tomasz Falborski
    • Robert Jankowski
    2023 MEASUREMENT

    The aim of this paper is to study the response of models of steel buildings with destroyed and non-destroyed joints. The study was conducted experimentally using the shaking table tests. Two steel models were considered. Several types of joints were taken into account: totally destroyed joints, partially destroyed joints, welded joints and joints stiffened with additional metal. Six ground motions were taken into account. The acceleration time histories were measured at the top of these two models of steel buildings. The results of the study show that the steel models with partially destroyed joints experienced higher levels of accelerations at their top, as compared to the steel models with totally destroyed joints. It was also concluded that the steel models experienced higher peak accelerations at their top in the case of welded joints and stiffened joints, as compared to the case with totally destroyed joints and partially destroyed joints.

  • Shape Memory Alloy-Based Fluidically Reconfigurable Metasurfaced Beam Steering Antenna
    • Syed Shah
    • Sayed Shah
    • Eirikur Bernhardsson
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2023 Pełny tekst IEEE Access

    A low-cost actuator-based fluidically programmable metasurface (FPMS) antenna is proposed to solve the slow tuning speed problem of the manually fluidic based reconfigurable antennas. The FPMS-based antenna is probe-fed and comprises a 4 × 4 square ring metasurface as a superstrate. Moreover, two shape memory alloy (SMA)-based electrically-controlled actuators are employed in the design for controlling the position of the 3D-printed fluidic channels beneath the metasurface along the axes of the radiating slots of the patch antenna. This results in beam-steering of over ±20˚ in the elevation plane, with a peak gain of 9.1 dBi. It is worth mentioning that compared to conventional electronic tuning technologies where the switches are employed on the top of the radiating aperture of the antenna, which usually deteriorate the antenna performance, the SMA spring actuators do not deteriorate the performance as these are not interacting with the radiating aperture. The proposed antenna was designed and simulated using CST MWS, and the prototype was fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement, which corroborates the adequacy of the proposed concept. By incorporating the SMA-based fluidic actuators, the proposed antenna is simple and highly efficient as compared to metasurface-based beam-steering antennas reported in the literature thus far.

  • Shaping the New Vistula Spit Channel: Political, Economic, and Environmental Aspects
    • Justyna Breś
    • Piotr Lorens
    2023 Pełny tekst Urban Planning

    In September 2022, the new shipping channel in Poland was opened for service. It connects the Port of Elbląg and the Gdańsk Bay in Poland, cutting through the Vistula Spit and the Vistula Lagoon. It was intended to enable direct access to the Baltic Sea from the Port of Elbląg without crossing Russian territory. Originally conceptualized decades ago, it has taken its final shape only recently. Its construction was associated with several issues, including economic, political, and environ‐ mental ones. But at the same time, the rationale of its construction has to be confronted with the analysis of the long‐term consequences for the city’s economy and the environment of the Vistula Lagoon. Many of these issues are presented and discussed in the article, along with some initial conclusions regarding future opportunities and threats associated with operational and maintenance‐related issues.

  • Shielded HMSIW-based frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna using different solid/liquid dielectrics
    • Nrusingha Pradhan
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2023 AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS

    This article proposes a frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna based on a shielded half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (S-HMSIW). In order to reduce the size of the HMSIW cavity resonator and to obtain quad-band characteristics, a modied E-shaped slot is engraved on the top of the metal. The experimental validation is carried out after analyzing the data using a circuit model. Flexibility of each resonant frequency is enabled by integrating solid and liquid dielectrics of dierent permittivities within the designated etched region of the proposed antenna. With a broad tuning range of 3-8.5 GHz, the operating frequencies can be tuned individually according to the application-driven demands. Furthermore, the port isolation is better than 23.5 dB in all four bands. The proposed antenna, with distilled water-lled pockets, exhibits realized gain of 3.82, 4.1, 4.3, and 5.6 dBi at 5.17, 5.76, 3.55, and 7.03 GHz, respectively. The antenna features stable radiation characteristics in all bands and throughout the entire tuning ranges. Owing to its compact size, broad tuning capability, consistent radiation patterns, and competitive isolation levels, the presented design can be considered a suitable solution for compact tunable devices required by the existing and emerging application areas, especially multi-standard wireless communications.

  • Shielded HMSIW-Based Self-Triplexing Antenna With High Isolation for WiFi/WLAN/ISM Band
    • Nrusingha Pradhan
    • Karthikeyan Subramanian
    • Rusan Kumar Barik
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2023 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS

    This article presents a novel design of a miniaturized self-triplexing antenna (STA) based on the shielded half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (S-HMSIW) for WiFi/WLAN/ISM-band applications. The S-HMSIW is constructed by assembling one row of vias and an open slot at the open-ended side of the conventional HMSIW. This configuration increases the quality factor and minimizes unwanted radiation loss, which allows for achieving high performance. A modified inverted U-shaped slot is created on the top plane of the cavity to form three different radiating patches, which are excited by three independent 50 Ω microstrip feedlines to operate at three different frequencies. The proposed STA exhibits competitive features such as highly compact size (0.09λg 2), high isolation (>33dB), and gain (>4.8 dBi), which makes it suitable for handheld communication devices. The simulated and measured circuit responses are in good agreement.

  • Ship Dynamic Positioning Based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control
    • Krzysztof Jaroś
    • Roman Śmierzchalski
    • Anna Witkowska
    2023

    The presented work explores the simulation test results of using nonlinear model predictive control algorithm for ship dynamic positioning. In the optimization task, a goal function with a penalty was proposed with a variable prediction step. The results of the proposed control algorithm were compared with backstepping and PID. The effect of estimation accuracy on the control quality with the implemented algorithms was investigated. The proposed version of the MPC-NO controller was shown to have better dynamic and static properties. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

  • Ship weather routing featuring w-MOEA/D and uncertainty handling
    • Rafał Szłapczyński
    • Joanna Szłapczyńska
    • Roberto Vettor
    2023 APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING

    The paper presents a new version of evolutionary multi-objective weather routing (WR) for ships taking into account uncertainties of weather forecasts in route optimization. The method applies authors’ w-MOEA/D algorithm: MOEA/D framework incorporating Decision Maker’s (DM) preferences by means of w-dominance relation. Owing to this, DM preferences are taken into account throughout optimization, allowing the process to focus on the part of vast objective’s space. Only the part of Pareto front being of interest to DM is generated, thus the process converges faster, without sacrificing quality of the final set. All of the above is essential for the WR method, which pursues three objectives while trying to meet multiple constraints and handling uncertainty of weather data. The final method has been implemented as a part of client–server system architecture, whose client part has been installed on board of a m/v Monte da Guia (MdG) vessel navigating between the Portuguese coast and the Azores. The method has then been verified in the course of computer simulations and its results have been compared with real MdG GPS routes. The comparison shows that the presented method is able to find routes that bring progress in terms of the objectives’ while satisfying the constraints.

  • Shoreline Extraction Based on LiDAR Data Obtained Using an USV
    • Armin Halicki
    • Mariusz Specht
    • Andrzej Stateczny
    • Cezary Specht
    • Oktawia Lewicka
    2023 Pełny tekst TransNav - The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

    This article explores the use of Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) derived point clouds to extract the shoreline of the Lake Kłodno (Poland), based on their geometry properties. The data collection was performed using the Velodyne VLP‐16 laser scanner, which was mounted on the HydroDron Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). A modified version of the shoreline extraction method proposed by Xu et al. was employed, comprising of the following steps: (1) classifying the point cloud using the Euclidean cluster extraction with a tolerance parameter of 1 m and min. cluster size of 10,000 points, (2) further filtration of boundary points by removing those with height above 1 m from the measured elevation of water surface, (3) manual determination of a curve consisting of 5 points located along the entire shoreline extraction region at a relatively constant distant from the coast, (4) removal of points that are further from the curve than the average distance, repeated twice. The method was tested on the scanned section of the lake shoreline for which Ground Control Points (GCP) were measured using a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real Time Kinematic (RTK) receiver. Then, the results were compared to the ground truth data, obtaining an average position error of 2.12 m with a standard deviation of 1.11 m. The max error was 5.54 m, while the min. error was 0.41 m, all calculated on 281 extracted shoreline points. Despite the limitations of this parametric, semi‐supervised approach, those preliminary results demonstrate the potential for accurate shoreline extraction based on LiDAR data obtained using an USV. Further testing and optimisation of this method for larger scale and better generalisation for different waterbodies are necessary to fully assess its effectiveness and feasibility. In this context, it is essential to develop computationally efficient methods for approximating shorelines that can accurately determine their course based on a set of points.

  • Siedziba Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej w Bydgoszczy
    • Joanna Kabrońska
    2023 Pełny tekst Architektura-Murator

    Instytucje odpowiedzialne za ochronę dokumentów i artefaktów uczestniczą w tworzeniu tożsamości zbiorowej, ustanawiając most łączący przeszłość, teraźniejszość i przyszłość. Owe instytucje mają swoje materialne odpowiedniki: obiekty będące ich siedzibą. Tym samym również architektura bierze udział w procesie budowy zbiorowej pamięci i tożsamości, wzmacniając autorytet instytucji poprzez swoją formę oraz ukazując i kształtując relację między zbiorowością i jednostką. Potrzebne jest stopniowe wypracowywanie odmiennego sposobu myślenia o instytucjach związanych z pamięcią i ich nowej formie, zorientowanej na przyszłość. Bydgoska siedziba IPN jest właściwym punktem wyjścia do takich rozważań.

  • Silica In Silico: A Molecular Dynamics Characterization of the Early Stages of Protein Embedding for Atom Probe Tomography
    • Giovanni Novi Inverardi
    • Francesco Carnovale
    • Lorenzo Petrolli
    • Simone Taioli
    • Gianluca Lattanzi
    2023 Pełny tekst BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

    A novel procedure for the application of atom probe tomography (APT) to the structural analysis of biological systems, has been recently proposed, whereby the specimen is embedded by a silica matrix and ablated by a pulsed laser source. Such a technique, requires that the silica primer be properly inert and bio-compatible, keeping the native structural features of the system at hand, while condensing into an amorphous, glass-like coating. In this work, we propose a molecular dynamics protocol, aimed at depicting and characterizing the earliest stages of the embedding process of small biomolecules in a solution of water and orthosilicic acid, here, taken as a precursor of the silica matrix. Overall, we observe a negligible influence of orthosilicic acid on the behavior of stable folded systems (such as ubiquitin). Conversely, intrinsically disordered and unstable peptides are affected by the coating, the latter seemingly inhibiting the fluctuations of flexible moieties. While further scrutiny is in order, our assessment offers a first mechanistic insight of the effects of orthosilicic acid, thereby validating its use in the proposed innovative application of APT to the structural resolution of protein molecules.

  • Silver(I) complexes with nitrile ligands: New materials with versatile applications
    • Karolina Gutmańska
    • Piotr Szweda
    • Marek Daszkiewicz
    • Tomasz Mazur
    • Konrad Szaciłowski
    • Anna Ciborska
    • Anna Dołęga
    2023 Pełny tekst APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY

    In the present study, the structure, thermal stability, conductive properties, and antimicrobial activity of silver(I) complexes with nitrile ligands were investigated. For the construction of the materials, 2-cyanopyridine (2-cpy), 4-cyanopyridine (4-cpy), 1,2-dicyanobenzene (1,2-dcb), and 1,3-dicyanobenzene (1,3-dcb) were used in addition to the silver nitrite and nitrate. Four new compounds were isolated and structurally characterized: one molecular complex [Ag4(1,2-dcb)4(NO3)4], two 1-D coordination polymers [Ag(2-cpy)2(NO2)]∞, [Ag2(1,3-dcb)2(NO3)2]∞, and one 3-D coordination polymer [Ag(4-cpy)(NO2)]∞. The results indicate that the nitrile complexes display good antimicrobial properties against the tested bacterial and fungal strains. The presence of weakly coordinating CN groups increases the release of silver ions into the bacterial and yeast cell environments. Moreover, these materials exhibit unusual electrical properties in thin-layer devices. On the other hand, the nitrite and nitrate counterions give rise to the low thermal stability of the complexes.

  • Simple analytical method for total biogenic amines content determination in wine using a smartphone
    • Kaja Kalinowska
    • Wojciech Wojnowski
    • Marek Tobiszewski
    2023 Analytical Methods

    A simple, fast, and green smartphone-based procedure for total biogenic amines content determination in wine was developed and validated. Sample preparation and analysis were simplified to make the method suitable for routine analyses even in resource-scarce settings. The commercially available S0378 dye and smartphone-based detection were used for this purpose. The developed method has satisfactory figures of merit for putrescine equivalent determination with R2 of 0.9981. The method's greenness was also assessed using the Analytical Greenness Calculator. Samples of Polish wine were analysed to demonstrate the applicability of the developed method. Finally, results obtained with the developed procedure were compared with those previously obtained with GC-MS in order to evaluate the equivalence of the methods.

  • Simple colorimetric copper(II) sensor – spectral characterization and possible applications
    • Błażej Galiński
    • Jarosław Chojnacki
    • Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
    2023 SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

    New o-hydroxyazocompound L bearing pyrrole residue was obtained in the simple synthetic protocol. The structure of L was confirmed and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that new chemosensor can be successfully used as copper(II) selective spectrophotometric regent in solution and can be also applied for the preparation of sensing materials generating selective color signal upon interaction with copper(II). Selective colorimetric response towards copper(II) is manifested by a distinct color change from yellow to pink. Proposed systems were effectively used for copper(II) determination at concentration level 10-8 M in model and real samples of water.

  • Simulation Environment in Python for Ship Encounter Situations
    • Lukasz Stolzmann
    • Joanna Szłapczyńska
    2023 Pełny tekst TransNav - The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

    To assess the risk of collision in radar navigation distance-based safety measures such as Distance at the Closest Point of Approach and Time to the Closest Point of Approach are most commonly used. Also Bow Crossing Range and Bow Crossing Time measures are good complement to the picture of the meeting situation. When ship safety domain is considered then Degree of Domain Violation and Time to Domain Violation can be applied. This manuscript provides a description of a ship encounter simulation software tool written in Python accompanied by a case study, implementing all the measures mentioned above. It offers a radar-like Graphical User Interface (GUI), is able to track AIS-based traffic or encounter scenarios stored in local files. The tool features several additional functions e.g. Variable Range Marker (VRM) or Electronic Bearing Line (EBL). The simulator might be a test sandbox for advanced collision avoidance algorithms.

  • Simulations of high-pressure fluid flow in a pre-cracked rock specimen composed of densely packed bonded spheres using a 3D CFD model and simplified 2D coupled CFD-DEM approach
    • Rezvan Abdi
    • Marek Krzaczek
    • Andrzej Tejchman-Konarzewski
    2023 POWDER TECHNOLOGY

    W artykule zastosowano dwa różne podejścia do opisu jednofazowego przepływu płynu w wstępnie spękanej próbce skały o niskiej porowatości pod wysokim ciśnieniem. Głównym celem pracy było bezpośrednie porównanie rozkładu ciśnień, gęstości i prędkości płynów we wstępnie pękniętej próbce. Zachowanie próbki imitującej skałę zostało opisane przez gęsto upakowane połączone kohezją kulki z nakładającymi się na siebie elementami. Pierwsze podejście polegało na symulacji trójwymiarowego turbulentnego przepływu ściśliwego płynu w domenie ciągłej między nieruchomymi kulami. W modelu wykorzystano metodę objętości skończonych (FVM) do rozwiązania równań Naviera-Stokesa uśrednionych przez Reynoldsa i podstawowych równań modelu naprężeń Reynoldsa (BSL). Drugie podejście polegało na zastosowaniu sprzężonego modelu 2D DEM-CFD, które symulowało laminarny przepływ płynu w sieci złożonej z kanałów w obszarze ciągłym między swobodnymi kulami. Układ kul był taki sam w obu podejściach. Uzyskano podobne rozkłady ciśnienia i gęstości płynów oraz masowe natężenia przepływu płynu. Jednak prędkości płynu i jego linie przepływu były nieco inne. Pomimo uproszczonego modelu przepływu płynu, podejście 2D DEM-CFD wystarczająco dokładnie opisało przepływ płynu we wstępnie pękniętych połączonych kohezją próbkach ziarnistych przy ogromnej redukcji czasu symulacji.

  • Single-Slope ADC With Embedded Convolution Filter for Global-Shutter CMOS Image Sensors
    • Miron Kłosowski
    • Yichuang Sun
    • Waldemar Jendernalik
    • Grzegorz Blakiewicz
    • Jacek Jakusz
    • Stanisław Szczepański
    2023 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS

    This brief presents an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) suitable for acquisition and processing of images in the global-shutter mode at the pixel level. The ADC consists of an analog comparator, a multi-directional shift register for the comparator states, and a 16-bit reversible binary counter with programmable step size. It works in the traditional single-slope mode. The novelty is that during each step of the reference ramp, neighboring pixels can exchange status information. During the conversion, the direction and step size of the counter are set globally to realize the corresponding coefficient of a convolution kernel. This technique does not slow down the conversion when used for small kernels (3×3) and does not significantly increase sensor noise. Convolution windows of arbitrary size can be implemented. The concept was verified in an experimental 64×64 imaging array implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology.