2017 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Impact of overloaded vehicles on load equivalency factors and service period of flexible pavements
- Dawid Ryś
- Józef Judycki
- Piotr Jaskuła
2017
Overloaded vehicles occur less frequently in comparison to properly loaded vehicles but due to their greater potential to cause damage they significantly contribute to the distress of pavement structure. As the studies show, the phenomena of vehicles overloading intensifies when the control of traffic is poor and the average percentage of overloaded vehicles on analyzed roads varies from 6% to 23%. The main goal of the ar-ticle is to assess the impact of vehicles overloading on the service period of flexible pavements. In this pur-pose the data from 10 weigh in motion stations on Polish national roads and motorways, which included up to 11 million records of heavy vehicles, were analyzed. Mixed axle loads in particular vehicles were transformed into number of equivalent standard axle loads and further into the load equivalency factors for particular trucks (truck factors). Each vehicle was also checked for overloading. It was revealed that average monthly truck factors are well correlated with the average monthly percentage of overloaded vehicles. This relation-ships were used to assess the impact of vehicle overloading on service period of flexible pavements. The ap-proximate method of calculation of extended fatigue life of a pavement structure and its service period is pre-sented and allows easy evaluation of the effect of minimizing of percentage of overloaded vehicles.
Impact of R/X ratio of distribution network on selection and control of energy storage units
- Agata Szultka
- Robert Małkowski
- Stanisław Czapp
- Seweryn Szultka
2017
The interest in energy storage is still increasing. Energy storage units are installed in high voltage networks, medium voltage networks and low voltage distribution networks as well. These units are often used to improve power quality. One of the criteria for improving power quality is reducing voltage deviations. Depending on the type of network and specifying its R/X ratio, this criterion can be fulfilled by control of active or reactive power. This paper presents the selection of both location and rated power of energy storage units for two distribution networks with different R/X ratios. The selection is performed with the use of genetic algorithm. Effect of this selection on voltage levels in the networks is presented as well.
IMPACT OF THE FINANCING STRUCTURE ON EFFICIENCY OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS IN THE FORMER EASTERN BLOC COUNTRIES
- Justyna Kujawska
2017 Pełny tekst Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Out-of-pocket expenditures are a significant barrier in accessing health services. This paper aims to analyse the structure of financing system in the context of the performance indicators of healthcare systems. The study was conducted for the 28 countries of the former Eastern bloc in the years 2000 and 2013, based on data from the World Health Organization. In the DEA-CCR input-oriented model, inputs are the percentage share of private spending in the total expenditure on healthcare and the percentage share of out-of-pocket patient spending in total private spending. The outputs are life expectancy and mortality rate. A ranking of the countries was created and the differences between the two study periods, as well the desired directions of changes in the financing structure were pointed out.
Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Occurrence of PAHs Compounds in the Aquatic Ecosystem of the Southern Part of West Spitsbergen (Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard)
- Katarzyna Kozak
- Marek Ruman
- Klaudia Kosek
- Grzegorz Karasiński
- Stachnik Łukasz
- Żaneta Polkowska
2017 Pełny tekst Water
The paper presents changes in concentration levels of dioxin-like compounds that can be observed over the course of four study seasons in water samples collected from the Arctic watershed of Svalbard. The conducted analysis involved anthropogenic and natural factors that may affect the concentration of PAHs in the study samples of water. An attempt is made to indicate the emission source of the compounds being deposited and to identify the extent to which the substances under analysis actually affect the Arctic ecosystems. Moreover, the work employs the following: diagnostic ratios PAHs, air masses backward trajectory analysis, Lidar observations and land relief analysis in order to provide a multi-level interpretation of the obtained data. Natural environment constitutes a complex system of subtle correlations that need to be perceived as a dynamic medium, in which multi-faceted processes take place
Impedance Measurement and Selection of Electrochemical Equivalent Circuit of a Working PEM Fuel Cell Cathode
- Kazimierz Darowicki
- Łukasz Gaweł
2017 Pełny tekst Electrocatalysis
The dynamic impedance analysis of direct methanolfuel cell (DMFC) cathode supplied with pure oxygen is pre-sented. Presented results were obtained during dynamic chang-es of the current density in working fuel cell. Investigation ofthe occurring processes at cathode was carried with dynamicelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). A discussionwas conducted based on the determined correlation parameterχ2. It was shown that the selection of an appropriate equivalentcircuit cannot be carried out only with correlation parameter ofanalysis between experimental impedance spectra and theequivalent circuit. Comprehensive analysis of equivalent cir-cuit parameter changes during fuel cell working is needed todetermine appropriate equivalent model. Thanks to DEIS tech-nique, comparing of the different equivalent circuits proposedin other works during dynamic changes of operating conditioncould be presented. In addition, the new electrical circuit hasbeen proposed to describe the cathode performance with poi-soned electrocatalyst in fuel cell with reduced efficiency.
Impedance monitoring of corrosion degradation of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings (PEO) on magnesium alloy
- Łukasz Gaweł
- L. Nieuzyla
- G. Nawrat
- Kazimierz Darowicki
- Paweł Ślepski
2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
Impedance technique based on continuous multisinusoidal current perturbation was used to explain degradation process of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings (PEO) on magnesium alloy. An obtained impedance spectrum was fitted by electrical equivalent circuit to describe properties of conversion layer on magnesium alloy. Additionally, galvanostatic mode maintained during experiment, with DC current equal to zero, allowed to achieve corrosion potential in degradation process. This methodology has advantage over more conventional methods. It allows observing parameters change in function of time and explanation of the degradation process of PEO on magnesium alloy.
Impedancyjna diagnostyka katody pracującego ogniwa paliwowego typu PEM"
- Łukasz Gaweł
2017 Pełny tekst
Głównym przedmiotem rozprawy jest ocena aktywności katalitycznej katody w rzeczywistych warunkach pracy ogniwa paliwowego typu PEM zasilanego metanolem. Jak zostało wspomniane we wcześniejszych rozdziałach, proces redukcji tlenu na katodzie jest procesem limitującym wydajność ogniwa paliwowego. Niezbędnym jest zatem bliższe poznanie zachowania katody, co pozwoli na dobór odpowiednich parametrów pracy ogniwa PEM. Wykorzystanie metody DEIS może dać wiele nowych i interesujących informacji, które pozwolą na zrozumienie kinetyki i dynamiki zachodzących w ogniwie procesów. Zaproponowano w tym celu metodę eliminacji obwodów zastępczych wykorzystywanych do opisu zmian katody pracującego ogniwa paliwowego, na podstawie dynamicznych zmian parametrów tych obwodów. Przy pomocy danych uzyskanych klasycznymi metodami elektrochemicznymi nie jest to możliwe.Techniczny obwód zastępczy uwzględniający wpływ warstwy nośnej na proces elektroredukcji tlenu w pracującym ogniwie do tej pory nie został zaproponowany. Poprzez ocenę poszczególnych parametrów obwodu zastępczego możliwym jest określenie optymalnego obciążenia, oraz temperatury, w której katoda ogniwa DMFC posiada najlepsze właściwości. Oprócz tego przeprowadzono badania nad oceną wpływu kwasu mrówkowego na wydajność ogniwa paliwowego DMFC. Podczas zmiany stężenia tej substancji w dostarczanym paliwie do strefy anodowej, możliwym było wyznaczenie charakterystyk zmian parametrów obwodu zastępczego katody oraz wpływu kwasu na moc ogniwa paliwowego.
Impedancyjne monitorowanie szybkości korozji w układach wodnych z zastosowaniem inhibitorów korozji
- Agata Jażdżewska
2017 Pełny tekst
Niniejsza praca jest poświęcona opracowaniu metodyki pomiarowej pozwalającej na wyznaczanie szybkości korozji za pomocą metody galwanodynamicznej elektrochemicznej spektroskopii impedancyjnej (GDEIS). Zaproponowana metoda pozwala na wykonywanie badań korozyjnych w których klasyczne metody pomiarowe (polaryzacja liniowa, metoda EIS, polaryzacja Tafela) charakteryzują się otrzymywaniem wyników ze znaczną dozą niepewności. W przypadku klasycznych metod pomiarowych występuje brak możliwości wyznaczenia parametrów zachodzącego procesu korozyjnego wyrażonego w postaci tzw. współczynników Tafela bezpośrednio podczas realizacji pomiarów. Ponadto, z uwagi na występowanie kontroli dyfuzyjnej związanej z mechanizmem depolaryzacji tlenowej obecnej w środowiskach wodnych, wyznaczane wartości współczynników Tafela charakteryzują się obecnością znacznych błędów analizy wyników badań. W ramach realizacji pracy doktorskiej wykonano badania szybkości korozji i oceny skuteczności oddziaływania inhibitorów korozji za pomocą klasycznych metod pomiarowych. Analizowano wyniki badań automatycznych systemów monitorowania korozji pod kątem oceny błędów pomiarowych oraz skuteczności stosowania poszczególnych technik monitoringu. Wykonywano szereg badań szybkości korozji z wykorzystaniem techniki DEIS. Przeprowadzono badania monitorowania korozji za pomocą nowo opracowanej techniki GDEIS dla układów elektrochemicznych.
IMPLEMENTACJA ŁĄCZA RADIOWEGO Z UŻYCIEM URZĄDZEŃ USRP DLA POTRZEB SZYBKIEJ TRANSMISJI DANYCH DO ZASTOSOWAŃ SPECJALNYCH
- Piotr Rajchowski
- Krzysztof Cwalina
- Paweł Tomasz Kosz
2017
Obecnie coraz częściej występuje konieczność przesłania danych operacyjnych pomiędzy jednostkami wykonawczymi, np. śmigłowcem patrolowym, a centrum dowodzenia. Do realizacji łącza radiowego tego typu niemożliwe jest zastosowanie komercyjnie dostępnych systemów radiowych szybkiej transmisji danych. Istnieje zatem potrzeba opracowania rozwiązania dedykowanego posiadającego cechu użytkowe odpowiednie do implementacji w systemie służącym np. ochronie morskiej granicy państwa.
Implementacja niekonwencjonalnych regulatorów PID w sterowniku programowalnym
- Wojciech Gruk
- Szymon Habecki
- Robert Piotrowski
2017 Pełny tekst Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
Nieustanny rozwój systemów sterowania oraz szeroko pojętej automatyki sprawia, że coraz więcej procesów kontrolowanych jest bez udziału człowieka. Problemem są jednak złożone obiekty o charakterystycznych cechach, które uniemożliwiają zastosowanie klasycznych regulatorów, w szczególności PID. W artykule zaprezentowano wybrane zmodyfikowane algorytmy regulatora PID wraz z ich implementacją w sterowniku programowalnym. W celu weryfikacji zamodelowano i przetestowano układy sterowania, a całość połączono za pomocą pętli sprzętowej HIL i systemu SCADA.
Implementation of an Interdisciplinary Educational Path Within "Glassworks in Pomerania Region, Crafts and Industry" Project
- Karol Daliga
- Joanna Dąbal
- Tadeusz Widerski
2017
Teaching practical skills for work in field during academic lessons for students of geodesy and cartography and students of archaeology is crucial to prepare young students of the profession to participate in apprenticeships, professional realizations excavations and carry out their geodetic services. Another aspect of teaching of future archaeologists and surveyors working with them, is the ability to mutual understanding between people working in different science disciplines. For archaeologists, it is important to know the structure and function of everyday objects discovered during archaeological expedition. For surveyors it is very important to understand the purpose of archaeological documentation and what elements it should consists. On the other hand, the archaeologists need to know what geometric features should be measured to create archaeological documentation as complete as possible. In this way, through dialogue, archaeologists determine needed geometrical characteristics, while surveyors can suggest a way of obtaining them. Conventional study program provides very little time for the implementation of the previously mentioned tasks. Discussing specialized geodetic measurements made during archaeological research in the teaching process for future surveyors is completely ignored. On the other hand, future archaeologists are not well familiarized with modern geodetic measurement methods that can be used in their researches. Contribution to the development of students' interests with new ranges of knowledge and technologies was the implementation of a program funded by the Innovation Fund Teaching University of Gdansk "Glassworks in Pomerania region, crafts and industry". Thanks to the cooperation with the Department of Geodesy, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, archaeology students of University of Gdansk and students of geodesy from Gdansk University of Technology expanded their practical skills and information about performing survey works on archaeological sites, the basics of using GPS equipment and learn about digitization in NanoCad software. At the same time, students widen their knowledge by participating in a series of events and workshops discussing the possibilities of interpretation and identification of the phenomena associated with glassworks.
Implementation of DIFAR Processing in ASW Dipping Sonar
- Mariusz Rudnicki
2017
This paper presents the implementation of the signal processing algorithm used by buoy DIFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording), that is fully operational on Polish Navy anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopters and ships, applied to dipping sonars for detection and tracking of submarines. The development of the DSP algorithms was a part of the modernization of sonars conducted at the Gdansk University of Technology. The introduction of the paper presents the construction of the antenna of the buoy DIFAR and the various stages of the signal processing algorithm. Next, the basic types of imaging of the data processing results are presented along with acoustic signal processing implementation issues, specific to passive sonar with a gradient antenna. The results of computations are visualized on the on-board operator console, enabling the system operator to detect, track, and determine the bearing of the object in question. Further possibilities of the implemented algorithm are discussed in the conclusions of the paper.
Implementation of Hierarchical Control of Drinking Water Supply System
- Tomasz Adam Rutkowski
- Jarosław Tarnawski
- Arkadiusz Cimiński
2017
The paper presents the outline of the didactical project of a complex computer controlled system realized by the first degree students of the Automatics and Robotics on the Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering (FoEaCE) in Gdansk University of Technology (GUT). The synthesis, implementation and analysis of a multilayer hierarchical control system for drinking water supply system (DWSS) are main topics of that project. The scope of the project covers many aspects of automation: mathematical modeling, dynamic object identification, real-time simulation, acquisition and scaling of signals, estimation, PID control, definition of optimization criteria, predictive control technology, control synthesis, SCADA and HMI application development, OPC communication, hardware-in-the-loop technology, and many others tools and methods needed to obtain a functional control system structure. The DWSS system model is simulated with quasi-real time using the Simulink RealTime Desktop toolbox of Matlab/Simulink environment. The proposed control system structure consists of three layers - direct control layer with PLC/PAC controller, supervisory control layer with SCADA/HMI system and optimization control layer with Optimization toolbox of Matlab/Simulink environment for optimizing control purposes with MPC controller. The undoubted advantage of presented project is the integration into one coherent, functional system many previously separately recognized during the studies methods and tools.
Implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology
- Krzysztof Cwalina
- Paweł Tomasz Kosz
- Piotr Rajchowski
- Jarosław Sadowski
- Jacek Stefański
2017 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
In the article implementation of a high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology is presented. A system architecture design including asymmetric framing transmission organization, which differs from the ones used in cellular systems is described. The construction of technological demonstrator consisting of a management unit, radio unit and programmable multi-threaded software performing all the protocol and system functions are shown.
Implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology
- Krzysztof Cwalina
- Paweł Tomasz Kosz
- Piotr Rajchowski
- Jarosław Sadowski
- Jacek Stefański
2017
In the article implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology is presented. A system architecture design including asymmetric framing transmission organization, which differs from the ones used in cellular systems is described. The construction of technological demonstrator consisting of management unit, radio unit and programmable multithreaded software performing all the protocol and system functions is shown.
Implementation of spatial information for monitoring and analysis of the area around the port using laser scanning techniques
- Katarzyna Bobkowska
- Adam Inglot
- Miroslava Mikusova
- Paweł Tysiąc
2017 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
Nowadays, maritime infrastructure is heavily exploited, which requires monitoring. The article presents the implementation of spatial information which are point clouds for monitoring and analysis of the area around the port (buildings and wharves). For this study, point clouds coming from terrestrial (TLS) and airborne laser scanning (ALS), each of them having different accuracy, were used. An important part of the analysis was the integration of the two data sources. Through integration, the acquisition of information on areas not covered by the measurement in the presented case, one of the methods was possible for use (e.g. the roofs in case of TLS, or the lack of some of the walls of buildings in case of ALS). Another aspect was to use this data. Measurement of the shape and geometry of objects was executed. Additionally, the planeness analysis of individual elements of port infrastructure has been carried out. An interesting analysis was to determine the water level, based on relation to specific characteristics of the light reflectance.
Implementing Integrated Territorial Investments
- Dorota Dominika Kamrowska-Załuska
- Hanna Obracht-Prondzyńska
2017
The chapter presents the first experiences related to the implementation of the Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI). In the case of the Pomeranian region in Poland, this process was associated with the creation of a broad partnership and bottom-up approach to the development strategy programming for Urban Functional Areas. In this paper, we try to assess the effectiveness of this process, by defining its strong points and bottlenecks, which can diminish the impact of this mechanism on the implementation of the European Union Cohesion Policy.
Improved jamming resistance using electronically steerable parasitic antenna radiator
- Michał Tarkowski
- Mateusz Rzymowski
- Krzysztof Nyka
- Łukasz Kulas
2017 Pełny tekst
This paper presents an idea of using an Electronically Steerable Parasitic Antenna Radiator (ESPAR) for jamming suppression in IEEE 802.11b networks. Jamming (intentional interference) attacks are known to be effective and easy to perform, which may impose connectivity problems in applications concerning Internet of Things (IoT). In our paper, theoretical considerations are presented and the results of experiments performed in anechoic chamber are examined. During the test, IEEE 802.11b standard was used to provide communication between transmitter and receiver, and Software Defined Radio (SDR) device, which was used as a source of an intentional interference (jammer). The results showed that connectivity during jamming attack can be improved by using switched-beam antenna enhancing system’s bandwidth.
Improved performance of LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 solid oxide fuel cell cathode by application of a thin interface cathode functional layer
- Sebastian Molin
- Piotr Jasiński
2017 MATERIALS LETTERS
In this work, novel functional layers were prepared by a low temperature spray pyrolysis method on the oxygen side of the solid oxide cells. Thin layers of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2 and LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 are prepared between the electrolyte and the porous oxygen electrode. Additionally the influence of the sprayed ceria barrier layer on the zirconia based electrolyte with the new layers is evaluated. Impedance spectroscopy results show improvement in contact between the electrolyte and the porous cathode electrode. Additionally, electrochemical performance of the cathode is improved, as evidenced by a lowered area specific resistance and increased power density obtained from an anode supported cell employing the new layer.
Improvement of microstructure and mechanical properties of high dense sic ceramics manufactured by high-speed hot pressing
- V. Voyevodin
- S. Sayenko
- K. Lobach
- R. Tarasov
- Anna Zykova
- Ye. Svitlychnyi
- A. Surkov
- V. Abelentsev
- Mohammad Hossein Ghaemi
- Marek Szkodo
- Grzegorz Gajowiec
- Mateusz Kmieć
- Michał Antoszkiewicz
2017 Problems of Atomic Science and Technology
Non-oxide ceramics possess high physical-mechanical properties, corrosion and radiation resistance, which can be used as a protective materials for radioactive wastes disposal. The aim of the present study was the manufacturing of high density SiC ceramics with advanced physical and mechanical parameters. The high performance on the properties of produced ceramics was determined by the dense and monolithic structure. The densified silicon carbide samples possessed good mechanical strength, with a high Vickers micro hardness up to 28.5 GPa