2022 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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TOTAL CROSS SECTION MEASUREMENTS FOR ELECTRON SCATTERING ON METHYL FORMATE (HCOOCH3) MOLECULE: METHYLATION EFFECT
- Natalia Tańska
- Kuba Wójcik
- Sylwia Dylnicka
- Elżbieta Ptasińska-Denga
- Czesław Szmytkowski
- Paweł Możejko
2022 Pełny tekst PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY OF BELGRADE
We present the absolute total cross section (TCS) for electron scattering from the methyl formate (HCOOCH3) molecule measured in the 10-300 eV energy range, with electrostatic electron spectrometer working in the linear transmission mode. Comparison of TCS for the HCOOCH3 molecule with that measured earlier for the formic acid (HCOOH) compound manifests the methylation effect i.e. the response of the electron scattering dynamics on replacing of the hydrogen atom in the hydroxy group in HCOOH with the methyl group (-CH3). It is also shown that the TCS for methyl formate can be estimated with simple additivity rule, using TCSs for the formic acid, ethane and hydrogen molecules. The energy dependence of determined this way TCS for HCOOCH3 and the measured values are in very good agreement above 20 eV.
Total mercury and methylmercury (MeHg) in braised and crude Boletus edulis carpophores during various developmental stages
- Jerzy Falandysz
- Martyna Saba
- Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Piotr Konieczka
2022 Pełny tekst ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
We collected and processed Boletus edulis (King Bolete) carpophores grouped in four batches based on their developmental stage (button stage, young—white, large—white, and large—yellow). The study aimed, for the first time, to examine the B. edulis content and effect of braising and to estimate the intake of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) from a single meal based on whole (wet) weight (ww) and dry weight (dw). In braised carpophores, THg concentrations ranged from 0.2668 ± 0.0090 to 0.5434 ± 0.0071 mg kg−1 ww at different developmental stages, whereas crude products concentrations ranged from 0.1880 ± 0.0247 to 0.2929 ± 0.0030 mg kg−1 ww. The button stage crude carpophores were more highly contaminated with THg than at later stages of maturity, but MeHg levels were lower (p < 0.0001). On the other hand, braised button stage carpophores showed more MeHg than at later maturity stages. MeHg contributed at 1.9 ± 0.7% in THg in crude mushrooms and at 1.4 ± 0.3% in braised meals. The effect of braising was to increase the average THg and MeHg contents in fresh mushroom meals by 52 ± 31% and 53 ± 122% respectively, but a reduction of 40 ±14% and 40 ± 49% respectively was seen on a dw basis. The potential intakes of THg and MeHg from braised meals of B. edulis studied were small and considered safe.
Toward a unified model of mobile Business Intelligence (m-BI) acceptance and use
- Paweł Weichbroth
- Jolanta Kowal
- Mateusz Kalinowski
2022 Pełny tekst
Factors affecting mobile business intelligence (m-BI) acceptance and use have become an increasingly important topic in practice due to the growing complexity of organizations, and their underlying information systems (IS). Since, one can notice considerable interest in m-BI, however, to the best of our knowledge few studies (if any) aim to synthesize the existing body of knowledge with regards to the factors affecting m-BI acceptance and use. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review and summarized the current state of the art. By addressing research questions, we identified a set of five factors, namely: Perceived Value, Perceived Ease of Use, Managerial Attitudes, Facilitating Conditions and Quality of Information, and specified their inter-relationships. Moreover, we introduce an acceptance model (m-BIAM) on behavioral intention and use mobile Business Intelligence solutions. The contribution of this study lies in these evidence-based findings, which lay a solid foundation for further studies in the extent of testing and evaluating the m-BIAM model, targeted at delivering more evidence to confirm its validity and predictive power.
Towards an Understanding of the Stability Assessment of Floating Buildings
- Artur Karczewski
2022
One of the most important aspects of the design of floating facilities such as ships, floating offshore structures or floating houses is stability. Its impact on both general safety and operational aspects renders it a fundamental consideration already in preliminary design stages. Usually, the concept of sufficient stability of floating buildings is associated with the ability to keep an allowed heel angle and residual freeboard, despite the action of the heeling moment. Once in the water, a floating object has to withstand different environmental conditions. It is always acted upon by forces from various factors. The main sources of load are wind, waves and the shift of inhabitants. However, the challenges in the assessment of stability are also connected to how a floating structure responds to these sources of load and also to the method of performing a stability analysis. This paper focuses on wind load and revisits several challenges encountered in the stability calculations and in the prediction of the behavior of floating buildings. A review of the current regulations was also performed in this respect. The obtained results indicate the necessity and also direction of further considerations related to the safety of stationary floating objects.
Towards application of uncertainty quantification procedure combined with experimental procedure for assessment of the accuracy of the DEM approach dedicated for granular flow modeling
- Agata Widuch
- Marcin Nowak
- Dawid Sukiennik
- Kari Myöhänen
- Markku Nikku
- Srujal Shah
- Alessandro Parente
- Wojciech Adamczyk
2022 POWDER TECHNOLOGY
There is a high demand for accurate and fast numerical models for dense granular flows found in many industrial applications. Nevertheless, before numerical model can be used its need to be always validated against experimental data. During the validation, it is important to consider how the measurement data sets, as well as the numerical models, are affected by errors and uncertainties. In this study, the uncertainty quantification for the Discrete Element Method (DEM) model was performed based on selected quantities of interest (QOI), which were measured at a test rig. The uncertainty quantification was performed with open-source Dakota code, and the Latin hypercube sampling technique was used to determine test points. Various correlations between the input and output data were investigated to assess the impact of the possible input data errors on the output values determined by the solver. The results were validated against the measurement data from a novel in-house experimental test rig. The novel character of this work is developed procedure for study the impact of the uncertainties related with the input data on numerical results delivered by DEM model. In-house algorithm written using OpenCV libraries for determining particle motion characteristics from image dataset was used for results determination and postprocessing.
Towards azeotropic MeOH-MTBE separation using pervaporation chitosan-based deep eutectic solvent membranes
- Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Asma Msahel
- Francesco Galiano
- Marcin Serocki
- Jacek Ryl
- Sofiane Ben Hamouda
- Amor Hafiane
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Alberto Figoli
2022 Pełny tekst SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new class of solvents that can offset some of the major drawbacks of common solvents and ionic liquids. When dealing with the preparation of dense membranes, the use of DESs is still challenging due to their low compatibility with the polymer phase. In this research, a novel L-proline:sulfolane (molar ratio 1:2) DES was synthesized and used for the preparation of more sustainable bio-based membranes using chitosan (CS) as a polymer phase. The compatibility among both phases (polymer and DESs) and their ability to form homogenous membranes was preliminary studied. In this regard, scanning electron and confocal microscopies were used to completely map the structure of the resulting membranes evidencing a complete homogenous structure. The membranes were also characterized in terms of contact angle (CA), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical resistance and swelling degree (uptake). Preliminary pervaporation tests for the separation of a methanol (MeOH)- methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) azeotropic mixture were, thus, performed. In this regard, the addition of DESs provided an enhanced separation efficiency in comparison to pristine CS membranes. Thanks to the morphology and properties exhibited, the newly developed membranes can be considered as excellent bio-based candidates to be explored in other gas selective and solvent oriented membrane operations.
Towards Carbon Neutral Settlements. The Importance of Early-Stage Urban and Energetic Optimizations
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
- Julia Kurek
- Justyna Borucka
2022 Pełny tekst ACE-Architecture City and Environment
The aim of the research was to verify the essence of interdisciplinary energy optimizations in earlystage urban design process. A further aim was to the find most optimal design variant and scenario in terms of urban energy efficiency for the future development in Nowy Port, located in Gdansk, Poland - a place requiring complex revitalization. The research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches; an urban design layer (architectural analysis of spatial systems and planning) and an energy layer (simulations). For energy and environmental simulations, the ELAS calculator was used in an innovative way, that enabled comparison of results of several projects in terms of energy demand, carbon dioxide lifecycle emissions and ecological footprint for different urban layouts. The innovative method including the application of ELAS tool in early-stage design phase proved to be relevant and allowed for an appropriate pre-assessment and comparison of urban energy efficiency parameters and life cycle analysis at an initial stage of the project. One of the key conclusions is that the design variant with the highest building density was not the most advantageous in terms of low environmental impact and energy demand. In addition, the research demonstrated that the individual behavior of residents, their mobility patterns and the energy systems are more important than the improvements focused only on building energy performance.
Towards classification of patients based on surface EMG data of temporomandibular joint muscles using self-organising maps
- Mateusz Troka
- Wiktoria Wojnicz
- Katarzyna Szepietowska
- Marek Podlasiński
- Sebastian Walerzak
- Konrad Walerzak
- Izabela Lubowiecka
2022 Pełny tekst Biomedical Signal Processing and Control
The study considers the need for an effective method of classification of patients with a temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). The self-organising map method (SOM) was applied to group patients and used together with the cross-correlation approach to interpret the processed (rectified and smoothed by using root mean square (RMS) algorithm) surface electromyography signal (sEMG) obtained from testing the muscles (two temporal muscles and two masseters) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) during selected jaw movements. SOM’s Unified distance matrix (U-matrix) maps consist of formed clusters that correspond to similarities in input datasets. The results showed that SOM was able to encode muscular responses and create clusters. Information about the level of similarity between the activity of right, left, ipsilateral, and contralateral pairs of muscles was provided by intra cross-correlation coefficient (CC). A low intra CC value may indicate instability of the TMJ function. Information about the level of similarity between the sEMG signals of the same muscles tested in two different patients was provided by inter CC. SOM analysis can be used to interpret the activation of muscular systems, and by comparing the results of different individuals also to identify their TMJ health. Using the cross-correlation approach, one can find similarities in the sEMG data of different patients that can be used to provide clinically useful information. Such findings could be used to improve the clinical diagnosis of TMD and assess muscle activity during treatment.
Towards Designing an Innovative Industrial Fan: Developing Regression and Neural Models Based on Remote Mass Measurements
- Jacek Czyżewicz
- Piotr Jaskólski
- Paweł Ziemiański
- Marian Piwowarski
- Mateusz Bortkiewicz
- Krzysztof Laszuk
- Ireneusz Galara
- Marta Pawłowska
- Karol Cybulski
2022 Pełny tekst ENERGIES
This article presents the process of the construction and testing a remote, fully autonomous system for measuring the operational parameters of fans. The measurement results obtained made it possible to create and verify mathematical models using linear regression and neural networks. The process was implemented as part of the first stage of an innovative project. The article presents detailed steps of constructing a system to collect and process measurement data from fans installed in actual operating conditions and the results of analysis of this data. In particular, a measurement infrastructure was developed, defined, and implemented. Measuring equipment was mounted on selected ventilation systems with relevant fans. Systems were implemented that allowed continuous measurement of ventilation system parameters and remote transmission of data to a server where it was regularly analysed and selected for use in the process of modelling and diagnostics. Pearson’s correlation analysis for p < 0.05 indicated that all seven parameters (suction temperature, discharge temperature, suction pressure, current consumption, rotational speed, humidity, and flow) were significantly correlated with efficiency (p < 0.001). A satisfactory level of correlation between the selected parameters measured in actual conditions and the characteristics of the fan and the ventilation system was experimentally verified. This was determined by finding 4 statistically significant parameters at a confidence level of 95%. This allowed the creation of two mathematical models of the fan system and the ventilation system using linear regression and neural networks. The linear regression model showed that the suction temperature, discharge temperature, and air humidity did not affect the fan efficiency (they are statistically insignificant, p > 0.05). The neural model, which considered all measured parameters, achieved the same accuracy as the model based on four significant parameters: suction pressure, current consumption, rotational speed, and flow.
Towards evaluation of the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria - examination of a fishing vessel vulnerability to surf-riding, based on historical capsizing
- Zbigniew Szozda
- Przemysław Krata
2022 OCEAN ENGINEERING
The Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC) are the latest achievements in the field of intact ship stability assessment. The criteria are the result of massive international cooperative efforts and extensive research that lasted more than 15 years. Even though they are based on a solid scientific foundation, the trial period has commenced to collect user experience and further validation. One of possible approaches to evaluation of the credibility of the criteria is to demonstrate that ships which capsized in the past due to a stability failure are identified by the criteria as being vulnerable to that specific stability failure mode. The approach combines a critical analysis of the actual accident and calculations that follow procedures provided by the SGISC framework on Level 1 and Level 2. Such approach was applied to a historical catastrophe of a ship regarding the surf-riding stability failure mode. Polish flag fishing vessel m/t Cyranka, which capsized in the North Sea, has been examined for her vulnerability to the surf-riding/broaching-to phenomenon. The analysis shows that the vulnerability criteria related to surf-riding phenomenon can identify the observed vulnerability of the ship. This study contributes to the recognition of the new criteria as being reliable regarding the surf-riding. The proposed approach can be adopted for the evaluation of any stability failure mode covered by the SGISC.
Towards Knowledge Sharing Oriented Adaptive Control
- Guixian Li
- Yufeng Xu
- Haoxi Zhang
- Edward Szczerbicki
2022 Pełny tekst CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS
In this paper, we propose a knowledge sharing oriented approach to enable a robot to reuse other robots' knowledge by adapting itself to the inverse dynamics model of the knowledge-sharing robot. The purpose of this work is to remove the heavy fine-tuning procedure required before using a new robot for a task via reusing other robots' knowledge. We use the Neural Knowledge DNA (NK-DNA) to help robots gain empirical knowledge and introduce a Knowledge Adaption Module (KAM) utilizing the deep neural networks (DNN) for knowledge reuse. The initial experiment shows that the target robot can adapt to the inverse dynamic model of the source robot via our KAM and reuse the knowledge shared by the source robot.
Towards Open Research Data in the Economics Discipline
- Piotr Kasprzak
- Magdalena Szuflita-Żurawska
2022 Pełny tekst
Nowadays, Open Research Data, as one of the three pillars of Open Science (along with Open Access and Open Scholarly Communication), is gaining enormous attention from different academic and commercial environments. A wide range of scientific disciplines represent and produce different types of data and at the same time, gather different issues and problems in terms of sharing and dissemination research output. This chapter aims to briefly describe the current state of the scientific data for the business and economics disciplines. It presents the opportunities and concerns in those particular scientific fields where very often conducting research is supported not only by public funds but also by business and industry providers. Specific data types (such as financial data) need a particular approach to maintain them, especially in terms of the licensing, preservation and sharing openly. Their proper management can have a significant impact on the knowledge-based economy.
Towards spectral sensitivity curve for two-photon vision mechanism
- Marcin Marzejon
- Zielińska Agnieszka
- Dorota Stachowiak
- Grzegorz Soboń
- Maciej Wojtkowski
- Komar Katarzyna
2022
Abstract Purpose: The perceived brightness of different visible light sources can be compared with photometric units based on the standardized luminosity curves (300-780nm range). As reported previously (PNAS 111(50), pp. E5445-E5454 (2014)), near-infrared (NIR) radiation can cause isomerization of visual pigments by one- or two-photon absorption. The perceived color of the stimulus is red in the case of one-photon vision (1PV) or corresponds to half of the short-pulsed laser wavelength for the two-photon vision (2PV) mechanism. Since no luminosity curves for NIR range, comparison of such sources with photometric units is impossible. This study aims to provide an initial data for the 2PV spectral sensitivity curve (SSC). Methods: We measured the scotopic visibility thresholds at fovea for 4 healthy dark-adapted subjects (2 males, 2 females; 27-43 y/o) between 750-1075nm. Up to 930nm, the total visibility threshold corresponds only to 1PV mechanism. For the 810-930nm, subjects distinguished 2 thresholds: the loss of half of the wavelength hue (2PV threshold) and total visibility (1PV) threshold. Starting from 950nm, only 2PV mechanism caused the visual sensation. The stimulus was a 0.5 deg diameter flickering circle projected in the retina by scanners. Two tunable pulsed light sources: OPO (750-990nm, Frep=76MHz, τp=204fs) and fiber laser (872-1075nm, Frep=51.5MHz, τp=205±9fs) were employed for psychophysical tests. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Collegium Medicum, NCU. Results: The 1PV thresholds agreed with the previous works (JOSA 37(7), pp. 546-554 (1947)). Within the 810-930nm range, a relatively high standard deviation of the 2PV thresholds was observed, as finding the disappearance of half of the wavelength hue is a relatively difficult task. 2PV thresholds slightly differ for OPO and fiber laser, which is explainable by differences in pulse durations and repetition rates. For ~1040nm, the 2PV threshold values agreed to the previous authors’ results. Conclusions: The 2PV sensitivity increased with wavelength of about 1 order of magnitude (810-1075nm range). Starting from 1010 nm, the shape of the obtained 2PV SSC differs from the wavelength-doubled scotopic luminosity curve for 1PV, corrected by the eye media transmittance. The maximum of 2PV SSC was not found. The results allowed us to obtain the first approximation of the 2PV SCC shape up to 1075nm.
Towards spectroscopic monitoring of photoelectrodes: In-situ Raman photoelectrochemistry of a TiO2/prussian blue photoanode
- Konrad Trzciński
- Mariusz Szkoda
- Zuzanna Zarach
- Mirosław Sawczak
- Andrzej Nowak
2022 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Here, novel in-situ Raman photoelectrochemical measurements are performed. The obtained results have proved that it is possible to track the progress of a photoelectrochemical reaction that takes place on a semiconducting electrode using the spectroscopic method. As an exemplary system, the Ti/TiO2/Prussian blue electrode is investigated. Since TiO2 is an n-type semiconductor, it cannot act as an efficient anode in dark conditions. Thus, once electrochemically reduced Prussian blue deposited on TiO2 is not reoxi- dized during anodic polarization. However, Everitt’s salt oxidation may be possible when photoexcitation of TiO2 with UV LED radiation takes place at a potential which is more anodic than the flat band poten- tial of the semiconductor. This process is successfully monitored in-situ using Raman spectroscopy. The measurements performed at different conditions allow to distinguish between processes induced by po- larization and illumination (or both). The proposed method of photoelectrode characterization through a real-time monitoring approach can be further developed and utilized for other photoelectrochemical systems.
Training of Deep Learning Models Using Synthetic Datasets
- Zdzisław Kowalczuk
- Jan Glinko
2022
In order to solve increasingly complex problems, the complexity of Deep Neural Networks also needs to be constantly increased, and therefore training such networks requires more and more data. Unfortunately, obtaining such massive real world training data to optimize neural networks parameters is a challenging and time-consuming task. To solve this problem, we propose an easy-touse and general approach to training deep learning models for object detection and instance segmentation without being involved in the generation of real world datasets. In principle, we generate and annotate images with open-source software and 3D models that mimic real life objects. This approach allows us significantly reduce the effort required to gather pictures as well as automatize data tagging. It is worth noting that such synthetic datasets can be easily manipulated, e.g. to reduce the texture bias that often occurs in the resulting trained convolutional networks. Using the Mask R-CNN instance segmentation model as an example, we demonstrate that a network trained on the synthetic dataset of kitchen facilities shows remarkable performance on the validation dataset of real-world human-annotated photos. We show that our approach helps to bridge the domain gap between pre-trained models and their specific applications. In summary, such synthetic datasets help overcome the problem of acquiring and tagging thousands of images, while reducing the time and labor costs associated with the preparation of an appropriate real dataset
Transformation of Energy Markets: Description, Modeling of Functioning Mechanisms and Determining Development Trends
- Michał Pietrzak
- Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
2022 Pełny tekst ENERGIES
One of the key contemporary economic and social issues today is the global energy transition. Energy transition processes are having a significant impact on the development of world economies, increasing their TFP and leading to an increase in their level of innovation through the transfer of myriad new technologies. These processes also contribute to an increase in foreign direct investment and, consequently, an increase in the level of business investment, the competitiveness of economies and changes in the labor market. Additionally, contributing to the systematic and dynamic development of the energy transition are the significant increase in the wealth of the population, the change in the degree of social and income inequality, the change in consumption patterns and the significantly increased consumption of energy by households, which until re-cently relied exclusively on the use of energy from conventional sources. It should be noted that the ongoing energy transition processes most strongly affect the development of energy markets, the largest of which are the electricity primary fuel markets. Currently, energy markets represent an increasingly significant aspect of modern economies in terms of business investment, the share of the sector’s output in GDP, as well as research and development. In recent years, the renewable energy sector has also been gaining importance as a natural complement to the two aforementioned markets. All the above-mentioned aspects of the development of modern economies point to the need to take a fresh look at the development and functioning of energy markets. Of particular importance seems to be the analysis of changes in the prices of electricity and primary fuels and the relationship between these markets and the renewable energy mar-ket. Equally important are analyses to identify development trends already occurring in the energy markets and to make predictions about the formation of these trends in the fu-ture. Such identified studies should provide valuable guidance for the purposes of con-ducting current energy policy and creating institutional and legal conditions for the development of energy markets. Conclusions from research on energy markets also provide substantive arguments for the assumptions of global energy strategies, as well as the energy strategy of individual countries.
Transformational Leadership and Acceptance of Mistakes as a Source of Learning: Poland-USA Cross-Country Study
- Wioleta Kucharska
- Maciej Kucharski
- Hafeez Ur Rehman
2022 Pełny tekst
This study explores the influence of transformational leadership on internal innovativeness mediated by mistakes acceptance, including country and industry as factors to be considered and gender and risk-taking attitude as moderators. General findings, primarily based on the US samples (healthcare, construction, and IT industry), confirmed that transformational leadership and internal innovativeness are mediated by mistakes acceptance and strengthened by employees' risk-taking attitude. It is reflected in the Polish healthcare sample. On the other hand, IT and construction industry samples revealed that a low mistakes acceptance level among risk-taking managers under transformational leadership might be their hidden form of change resistance. Regarding gender issue, this study showed that male employees driven by transformational leaders accept mistakes as a source of learning better than women, but the exceptions are healthcare and IT industries in Poland. The developed empirical model is based on a sample composed of 2,160 Polish and American knowledge workers applying OLS regression using SPSS PROCESS macro software.
Transformational leadership for researcher’s innovativeness in the context of tacit knowledge and change adaptability
- Wioleta Kucharska
- Teresa Rebelo
2022 Pełny tekst International Journal of Leadership in Education
This study explores how a learning culture supported by transformational leadership influences tacit knowledge sharing and change adaptability in higher education and how these relations impact this sector’s internal and external innovativeness. The empirical model was tested on a sample of 368 Polish scientific staff using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. Then results were expanded by applying OLS regression using SPSS PROCESS macro. Findings revealed that tacit knowledge sharing and change adaptability driven by learning culture are vital links connecting transformational leadership with innovativeness. Moreover, change adaptability was revealed to be a critical factor mediating between tacit knowledge sharing and innovativeness (external and internal). Tacit knowledge sharing and transformational leadership are seen as fully mediated by the mistake acceptance factor in learning culture. Besides, this study provided empirical evidence that higher education institutions must adapt to change constantly and evaluate their internal processes to deliver a higher level of innovative work visible externally. It also shows that leaders supporting a smooth flow of tacit knowledge sharing are central to scientific development because they foster adaptability and innovativeness (external and internal). Furthermore, the influence of the mistakes acceptance component on tacit knowledge sharing is revealed to be moderated by gender.
Transformator z tyrystorowym przełącznikiem zaczepów jako obiekt sterowania
- Piotr Sępka
- Maciej Brzycki
- Artur Cichowski
2022 Pełny tekst
Artykuł jest wynikiem realizacji studenckich projektów, których obiektem badań były transformatory z tyrystorowym podobciążeniowym przełącznikiem zaczepów (PPZ), znajdujące się w Laboratorium LINTE^2. Pierwszy projekt obejmował analizę stanów przejściowych zachodzących podczas przełączania tyrystorów. W referacie przedstawiono opracowany model tyrystorowego przełącznika zaczepów wraz z przykładowymi wynikami. Drugi projekt skutkował utworzeniem translatora komunikacyjnego w oparciu o sterownik WAGO PFC200, który umożliwia reprezentację modelu danych urządzeń niezgodnych z normą IEC 61850, jako zgodne z tym standardem
Transmisja w kanale hydroakustycznym w warunkach NLOS
- Agnieszka Czapiewska
- Ryszard Studański
- Andrzej Żak
2022 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
Transmisja danych w kanale hydroakustycznym w warunkach NLOS (ang. Non-Line-Of-Sight) jest szczególnie problematyczna. Dlatego podjęto próbę opracowania bezprzewodowej komunikacji podwodnej i jej przebadanie w warunkach NLOS. Zastosowano modulację MFSK (ang. Multiple Frequency-Shift Keying), przesyłając pojedynczy bit na dwóch nośnych, oraz odbiór zbiorczy. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdziły przydatność opracowanej techniki do transmisji danych w kanale hydroakustycznym w warunkach NLOS.