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Repozytorium publikacji
Politechniki Gdańskiej

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  • Mechanism of hopping conduction in Be–Fe–Al–Te–O semiconducting glasses and glass–ceramics
    • Natalia Wójcik
    • Nagia S. Tagiara
    • Doris Möncke
    • Efstratios Kamitsos
    • Sharafat Ali
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Ryszard Barczyński
    2022 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE

    Electrical properties of beryllium-alumino-tellurite glasses and glass–ceramics doped with iron ions were studied using impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity was measured over a wide frequency range from 10 mHz to 1 MHz and the temperature range from 213 to 473 K. The D.C. conductivity values showed a correlation with the Fe-ion concentration and ratio of iron ions on different valence states in the samples. On the basis of Jonscher universal dielectric response the temperature dependence of conductivity parameters were determined and compared to theoretical models collected by Elliott. In glasses, the conduction process was found to be due to the overlap polaron tunneling while in glass–ceramics the quantum mechanical tunneling between semiconducting crystallites of iron oxides is proposed. The D.C. conductivity was found not to follow Arrhenius relation. The Schnakenberg model was used to analyze the conductivity behavior and the polaron hopping energy and disorder energy were estimated. Additionally, the correlation between alumina dissolution and basicity of the melts was observed.

  • Mechanism of Osmolyte Stabilization–Destabilization of Proteins: Experimental Evidence
    • Marcin Stasiulewicz
    • Aneta Panuszko
    • Piotr Bruździak
    • Janusz Stangret
    2022 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B

    In this work, we investigated the influence of stabilizing (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) and destabilizing (urea) osmolytes on the hydration spheres of biomacromolecules in folded forms (trpzip-1 peptide and hen egg white lysozyme─hewl) and unfolded protein models (glycine─GLY and N-methylglycine─NMG) by means of infrared spectroscopy. GLY and NMG were clearly limited as minimal models for unfolded proteins and should be treated with caution. We isolated the spectral share of water changed simultaneously by the biomacromolecule/model molecule and the osmolyte, which allowed us to provide unambiguous experimental arguments for the mechanism of stabilization/destabilization of proteins by osmolytes. In the case of both types of osmolytes, the decisive factor determining the equilibrium folded/unfolded state of protein was the enthalpy effect exerted on the hydration spheres of proteins in both forms. In the case of stabilizing osmolytes, enthalpy was also favored by entropy, as the unfolded state of a protein was more entropically destabilized than the folded state.

  • Mechanism of reaction of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from SARS-CoV-2
    • Juan Aranda
    • Miłosz Wieczór
    • Montserrat Terrazas
    • Isabelle Brun-Heath
    • Modesto Orozco
    2022 Pełny tekst Chem Catalysis

    We combine molecular dynamics, statistical mechanics, and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations to describe mechanistically the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Our study analyzes the binding mode of both natural triphosphate substrates as well as remdesivir triphosphate (the active form of drug), which is bound preferentially over ATP by RdRp while being poorly recognized by human RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II). A comparison of incorporation rates between natural and antiviral nucleotides shows that remdesivir is incorporated more slowly into the nascent RNA compared with ATP, leading to an RNA duplex that is structurally very similar to an unmodified one, arguing against the hypothesis that remdesivir is a competitive inhibitor of ATP. We characterize the entire mechanism of reaction, finding that viral RdRp is highly processive and displays a higher catalytic rate of incorporation than human RNA Pol II. Overall, our study provides the first detailed explanation of the replication mechanism of RdRp.

  • Medical Image Segmentation Using Deep Semantic-based Methods: A Review of Techniques, Applications and Emerging Trends
    • Imran Qureshi
    • Junhua Yan
    • Qaisar Abbas
    • Kashif Shaheed
    • Awais Bin Riaz
    • Abdul Wahid
    • Muhammad Waseem Jan Khan
    • Piotr Szczuko
    2022 Pełny tekst Information Fusion

    Semantic-based segmentation (Semseg) methods play an essential part in medical imaging analysis to improve the diagnostic process. In Semseg technique, every pixel of an image is classified into an instance, where each class is corresponded by an instance. In particular, the semantic segmentation can be used by many medical experts in the domain of radiology, ophthalmologists, dermatologist, and image-guided radiotherapy. The authors present perspectives on the development of an architectural, and operational mechanism of each machine learning-based semantic segmentation approach with merits and demerits. In this regard, researchers have proposed different Semseg methods and examined their performance in a variety of applications such as medical image analysis (e.g., medical image classification and segmentation). A review of recent advances in Semseg techniques are presented in this paper by applying computational image processing and machine learning methods. This article is further presented a comprehensive investigation on how different architectures are helpful for medical image segmentation. Finally, advantages, open challenges, and possible future directions are elaborated in the discussion part, beneficial to the research community to understand the significance of the available medical imaging segmentation technology based on Semseg and thus deliver robust segmentation solutions.

  • MEMORY EFFECT ANALYSIS USING PIECEWISE CUBIC B-SPLINE OF TIME FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION EQUATION
    • Madiha Shafiq
    • Farah Aini Abdullah
    • Muhammad Abbas
    • Ahmed Sm Alzaidi
    • Muhammad Riaz
    2022 Pełny tekst FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY

    The purpose of this work is to study the memory effect analysis of Caputo–Fabrizio time fractional diffusion equation by means of cubic B-spline functions. The Caputo–Fabrizio interpretation of fractional derivative involves a non-singular kernel that permits to describe some class of material heterogeneities and the effect of memory more effectively. The proposed numerical technique relies on finite difference approach and cubic B-spline functions for discretization along temporal and spatial grids, respectively. To ensure that the error does not amplify during computational process, stability analysis is performed. The described algorithm is second-order convergent along time and space directions. The computational competence of the scheme is tested through some numerical examples. The results reveal that the current scheme is reasonably efficient and reliable to be used for solving the subject problem.

  • Mercury content in beetroot and beetroot-based dietary supplements
    • Joanna Brzezińska-Rojek
    • Małgorzata Rutkowska
    • Justyna Ośko
    • Piotr Konieczka
    • Magdalena Prokopowicz
    • Małgorzata Grembecka
    2022 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

    Total mercury (THg) concentrations in fifty-four beetroot-based DSs and seven lots of conventional and organic beetroots (divided into unpeeled, peeled, and skins) were determined by direct thermal decomposition-gold amalgamation cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. The analytical procedure was optimised and validated. The recovery (%) for Hg was 101.9 and 92.73 in BCR-463 and DOLT 4, respectively. The intermediate precision value (4.7%) exceeded the repeatability value, which was as expected. The estimated LOD and LOQ values of the analytical procedure used were 0.096 and 0.29 [ng], respectively, and were converted to corresponding MDL and MQL values, which were 0.96 and 2.9 [ng/g], respectively. The highest contents of THg were found in conventional (28.03 ng/100 g w.w.) and organic (56.2 ng/100 g w.w.) beetroot or powder supplements (0.65 ng/g). Statistical analysis confirmed the differentiation of the analysed group of products at the level of significance 0.05 and 0.001. There were found statistically significant relationships in terms of: dietary supplement-beetroot (p < 0.001), beetroot-part of vegetable (p < 0.05) and dietary supplement-pharmaceutical form (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the analysed DSs did not pose a significant risk for a consumer in terms of permissible contamination limit, Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake realisation, and the Target Hazard Quotient.

  • Metal nanoparticles-assisted early diagnosis of diseases
    • Maryam Jouyandeh
    • S. Mohammad Sajadi
    • Farzad Seidi
    • Sajjad Habibzadeh
    • Muhammad Tajammal Munir
    • Otman Abida
    • Sepideh Ahmadi
    • Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler
    • Navid Rabiee
    • Mohammad Rabiee
    • Golnaz Heidari
    • Mahnaz Hassanpour
    • Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare
    • Mohammad Saeb
    2022 Pełny tekst OpenNano

    Early diagnosis is essential for the effective illness treatment, but traditional diagnostic approaches inevitably have major downsides. Recent advancements in nanoparticle-based biosensors have created new opportunities for accelerating diagnosis. High surface area, exceptional sensitivity, high specificity, and optical characteristics of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have made it possible to detect a variety of health conditions and diseases immediately, including cancer, viral infection, biomarkers, and in-vivo imaging. Metal nanoparticles may be produced in a variety of ways, enabling the creation of innovative tools for chemical and biological sensing targets. The utilization of various metal nano-formulations, metal oxide nanoplatforms, and their composites in the early identification of illnesses is reported and summarized in this review. Additionally, the challenging corners in the use of metal oxide-based nano-scale diagnostic technologies in clinical applications are highlighted. The current work is believed to serve as a roadmap for in-depth research on inorganic nanomedicine, both in-vitro and in-vivo diagnosis of diseases and illnesses, especially pandemic infections like COVID-19.

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) based heat transfer: A comprehensive review
    • Mehdi Moayed Mohseni
    • Maryam Jouyandeh
    • S. Mohammad Sajadi
    • Aleksander Hejna
    • Sajjad Habibzadeh
    • Ahmad Mohaddespour
    • Navid Rabiee
    • Hossein Daneshgar
    • Omid Akhavan
    • Mohsen Asadnia
    • Mohammad Rabiee
    • Seeram Ramakrishna
    • Rafael Luque
    • Mohammad Reza Saeb
    2022 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL

    Higher than a standard level, the humidity provides a suitable environment for the pathogenic microorganisms to grow and increases energy consumption for cooling, increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Desiccant air-conditioning (DAC) is an effective method to reduce humidity and energy simultaneously. Conventional desiccants are not suitable for use as a desiccant in building air conditioners, mainly because of high regeneration temperature and other issues such as limited equilibrium capacity and hydrothermal and cyclic instability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of porous crystalline materials without the disadvantages of traditional desiccants. They benefit from a huge surface area and considerable pore-volume, very low framework density, and a high-water uptake capacity. In this review article, we have critically and comprehensively discussed the use of MOFs in heat transformation and air conditioning processes. The reasons for the superiority of MOFs over traditional desiccant materials are also discussed comprehensively. Moreover, since thermal conductivity is a key factor in the heat transfer process, an overview has been made on techniques of measuring the thermal conductivity of MOFs. Eventually, several state-of-the-art MOF-based heat transformation applications are reviewed, including heat storage, heat pumps and different desiccant dehumidifiers.

  • Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Sensors for the Detection of Toxins in Food: A Critical Mini-Review on the Applications and Mechanisms
    • Xiaoxu Xuan
    • Mengjie Wang
    • Sivakumar Manickam
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    • Joon Yong Yoon
    • Xun Sun
    2022 Pełny tekst Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

    Using scientific technologies to detect toxins in food is significant to prevent food safety problems and protect people’s health. Recently, the rise of sensors has made rapid, efficient, and safe detection of food toxins possible. One of the key factors impacting the sensor’s performance is the nanomaterials employed. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with high specific surface area, tunable composition, porous structure, and flexible properties, have aroused the interest of researchers. The applications of MOFs in detecting food toxins have seen remarkable success in the past few years. In this critical mini-review, the impact of various synthesis methods on MOFs’ properties is first presented. Then, the applications and mechanisms of MOFs-based sensors in detecting various toxins are summarized and analyzed. Finally, future perspectives, potential opportunities, and challenges in this field are discussed.

  • Method of Monitoring of the Grinding Process with Lapping Kinematics Using Audible Sound Analysis
    • Mariusz Deja
    2022 Pełny tekst Journal of Machine Engineering

    Utilising microphones as audible sound sensors for monitoring a single-side grinding process with lapping kinematics is presented in the paper. The audible sound generated during grinding depended on the cutting properties of electroplated tools with D107 diamond grains and different thicknesses of the nickel bond. The tool wear affected the obtained technological effects such as material removal rate and the surface roughness of Al2O3 ceramic samples. The relationship between the quantities that characterise the sound signal and the surface roughness of machined surfaces was examined with the use of spectral analysis of the sound signal in the frequency domain with a focus on the Ra parameter. The decreasing amplitude indicated a better surface finish, down to Ra = 0.23 µm. The developed method and the obtained results will facilitate the practical use of the electroplated tools in the lap-grinding technology without interrupting the process before obtaining the required surface roughness.

  • Method of reconstructing two-dimensional velocity fields on the basis of temperature field values measured with a thermal imaging camera
    • Krzysztof Tesch
    • Michał Ryms
    • Witold Lewandowski
    2022 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

    This paper describes a novel numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) of the velocity field during natural convective heat transfer from a two-sided, isothermal, heated vertical plate based only on the known temperature field obtained, e.g. with a thermal imaging camera. It has been demonstrated that with a knowledge of temperature distributions, the NRP enables the reconstruction of velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes equation with an additional momentum source term that replaces the Fourier-Kirchhoff equation. This is because its role is played by the known temperature field, which is the equivalent of its solution. Experimental tests were performed in the air on a symmetrically heated, double-sided, isothermal vertical plate with dimensions of 150 x 75 x 2.1 mm. In this test we used a thermal imaging camera with a temperature field detector in the form of a mesh parallel to the gravity acceleration vector, perpendicular to the heating surface and adjacent to the plate in the middle of its width. It was demonstrated that with a temperature field in the form of a results matrix, such reconstruction was possible and that the results obtained were consistent with other experimental results reported elsewhere and with SNC. Along with recreating the velocity field using a standard numerical calculation (SNC), the temperature distributions and velocity fields of the plate under consideration were carried out in parallel and then compared with thermal imaging camera temperature measurements (CTM) and a reconstructed velocity field (NRP).

  • Methods for biomaterials printing: A short review and perspective
    • Hanieh Shokrani
    • Amirhossein Shokrani
    • Mohammad Saeb
    2022 Pełny tekst METHODS

    Printing technologies have opened larger windows of innovation and creativity to biomaterials engineers by providing them with the ability to fabricate complex shapes in a reasonable time, cost, and weight. However, there has always been a trouble with function adjusting in printing technologies in view of the multiplicity of materials and apparatus parameters. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, revolutionized biomaterials engineering by the conversion of a digital subject into a printed object (implants, scaffolds, or diagnostics and drug delivery devices/systems). Inspired by the lessons learned from 3D printing, the concept of 4D printing (better called shape-morphing fabrication) was conceptualized and put into practice to reply on the need for responsiveness of the printed platforms to a stimulus (light, pH, temperature, voltage, humidity, etc.) in a programmable manner. Later, the next milestone in printing technology was reached by 5D printing, by which the desired objects could be printed from five axes compared to the upward one-point printing by 3D printers. 5D printers use ≈20-30% fewer materials comparatively, enabling the printing of curved surfaces. Nevertheless, all bioprinters need a bio-ink with qualified characteristics for the biomedical applications. Thus, we discussed briefly the cell viability, scaffold biomimicry, scaffold biodegradation and affordability.

  • Methods of deep modification of low-bearing soil for the foundation of new and spare air runways
    • Eligiusz Mieloszyk
    • Anita Milewska
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    2022 Pełny tekst Przegląd Komunikacyjny

    After analyzing the impact of aircraft on the airport pavement (parking spaces, runways, startways), it was considered advisable to consider the problem of deep improvement or strengthening of its subsoil. This is especially true for low-bearing soil. The paper presents a quick and effective method of strengthening the subsoil intended for the construction of engineering structures used for civil or military air operations. It allows the use of wastelands, wetlands, swamps, etc. for the above-mentioned purposes, thus creating a dispersed network of landing sites increasing the security of the country and increasing the availability of air transport for large society groups.

  • Methylene Blue Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
    • Oliver Budner
    • Tomasz Cwalinski
    • Jarosław Skokowski
    • Luigi Marano
    • Luca Resca
    • Natalia Cwalina
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Richelle Hoveling
    • Franco Roviello
    • Karol Polom
    2022 Pełny tekst Cancers

    Introduction: Fluorescence-based navigation for breast cancer sentinel node biopsy is a novel method that uses indocyanine green as a fluorophore. However, methylene blue (MB) also has some fluorescent properties. This study is the first in a clinical series presenting the possible use of MB as a fluorescent dye for the identification of sentinel nodes in breast sentinel node biopsy. Material and methods: Forty-nine patients with breast cancer who underwent sentinel node biopsy procedures were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent standard simultaneous injection of nanocolloid and MB. We visualized and assessed the sentinel nodes and the lymphatic channels transcutaneously, with and without fluorescence, and calculated the signal-to-background ratio (SBR). We also analyzed the corresponding fluorescence intensity of various dilutions of MB. Results: In twenty-three patients (46.9%), the location of the sentinel node, or the end of the lymphatic path, was visible transcutaneously. The median SBR for transcutaneous sentinel node location was 1.69 (range 1.66–4.35). Lymphatic channels were visible under fluorescence in 14 patients (28.6%) prior to visualization by the naked eye, with an average SBR of 2.01 (range 1.14–5.6). The sentinel node was visible under fluorescence in 25 patients (51%). The median SBR for sentinel node visualization with MB fluorescence was 2.54 (range 1.34–6.86). Sentinel nodes were visualized faster under fluorescence during sentinel node preparation. Factors associated with the rate of visualization included diabetes (p = 0.001), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.003), and multifocality (p = 0.004). The best fluorescence was obtained using 40 M (0.0128 mg/mL) MB, but we also observed a clinically relevant dilution range between 20 M (0.0064 mg/mL) and 100 M (0.032 mg/mL). Conclusions: For the first time, we propose the clinical usage of MB as a fluorophore for fluorescence-guided sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer patients. The quenching effect of the dye may be the reason for its poor detection rate. Our analysis of different concentrations of MB suggests a need for a detailed clinical analysis to highlight the practical usefulness of the dye.

  • Metoda doboru sztywności zamocowania przedmiotu wielkogabarytowego w zastosowaniu do redukcji drgań podczas frezowania narzędziami wieloostrzowymi
    • Natalia Stawicka-Morawska
    2022

    Drgania, występujące podczas frezowania, wywierają negatywny wpływ na trwałość narzędzia i poszczególnych elementów obrabiarki oraz jakość obrabianej powierzchni. Jest to zjawisko niepożądane i pomimo wielu doniesień naukowych na temat dynamiki procesu frezowania, problem wciąż pozostaje nierozwiązany, szczególnie w odniesieniu do detali o dużych gabarytach. W pracy przedstawiono innowacyjną metodę redukcji drgań względnych narzędzie-przedmiot podczas frezowania podatnych przedmiotów wielkogabarytowych narzędziem wieloostrzowym. Opracowano dwa sposoby nadzorowania drgań względnych, tj. wykorzystujący wybrane techniki projektowania mechatronicznego oraz poprzez wykonanie obliczeń funkcji pracy sił skrawania na kierunku szerokości warstwy skrawanej. Potwierdzono poprawność zaproponowanego sposobu modelowania i nadzorowania poprzez przeprowadzenie symulacji komputerowych procesu frezowania dla wybranych parametrów obróbki za pomocą autorskiego oprogramowania, a także – poprzez obliczenia szacunkowe funkcji pracy sił skrawania. Otrzymane wyniki obliczeń zostały zweryfikowane podczas przemysłowych badań eksperymentalnych na portalowym centrum obróbkowym MIKROMAT 20V, w przedsiębiorstwie PHS HYDROTOR S.A. w Tucholi. Przedstawiona w pracy metoda istotnie różni się od powszechnie spotykanej w literaturze, gdyż przyjmuje się, że dominującym kierunkiem drgań jest kierunek szerokości warstw skrawanej.

  • Metoda neuronowego wyznaczania przestrzennych pól przepływów w przydźwiękowych i naddźwiękowych kanałach łopatkowych turbin parowych
    • Anna Milewska
    2022 Pełny tekst

    Niniejsza rozprawa doktorska została poświęcona opracowaniu metody neuronowego wyznaczania przestrzennych pól przepływów w okołodźwiękowych kanałach łopatkowych turbin parowych. Obiektem badań naukowych przedstawionych w kolejnych rozdziałach są dwa ostatnie stopnie części niskoprężnej turbozespołu 18K370 z wylotem ND-37. Pierwszym etapem badań była budowa numerycznego modelu przepływu pary mokrej przez analizowany układ łopatkowy. Warunki brzegowe zadano na podstawie wyników specjalistycznych pomiarów wewnątrz kadłuba turbiny przeprowadzonych przez Diagnostyka Maszyn Sp. z o.o. w jednej z polskich elektrowni, dzięki czemu wyniki obliczeń numerycznych można było potraktować jako specyficzne dane eksperymentalne do dalszych badań. Kolejnym krokiem było stworzenie bazy danych referencyjnych. W tym celu wykorzystano numeryczny model obliczeniowy bloku parowego o mocy 370 MW, utworzony w programie DIAGAR. Model został dostrojony do wyników pomiarów bloku energetycznego, dla pełnego pola pracy turbiny. Dalsze badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu języka programowania Python 3.7. Zbudowano szereg symulatorów przepływu pary na średnicy podziałowej analizowanego układu łopatkowego, bazując na powszechnie stosowanych modelach uczenia maszynowego. Kolejnym etapem była budowa neuronowego modelu przepływu dwuwymiarowego. Przyjęto strukturę sieci neuronowej w postaci perceptronu wielowarstwowego i przeanalizowano ją pod kątem liczby warstw ukrytych, liczby neuronów w poszczególnych warstwach, wielkości podzbioru danych treningowych wykorzystywanego do uczenia modelu neuronowego w pojedynczym kroku (ang. batch size) oraz liczby epok. Na bazie wybranej struktury neuronowego modelu przepływu na średnicy podziałowej stworzono symulator przestrzennego przepływu pary mokrej przez analizowany układ łopatkowy. Użyteczność zbudowanego symulatora neuronowego zobrazowano na przykładzie wybranego rzeczywistego kanału przepływowego turbiny parowej dużej mocy, przy uwzględnieniu dostępnych pomiarów obiegu oraz specjalistycznych pomiarów wewnętrznych turbiny.

  • Metoda oceny wiarygodności pomiarów wpływających na jakość diagnostyki cieplno-przepływowej w energetyce
    • Natalia Szewczuk-Krypa
    2022 Pełny tekst

    W rozprawie doktorskiej podjęto problem uwiarygodnienia pomiarów wpływających na jakość diagnostyki cieplno-przepływowej w energetyce. W pracy wykazano potrzebę rzetelnej informacji pozyskanej po przez pomiar parametrów, która jest niezbędna dla przeprowadzenia diagnozy badanego systemu. Jednocześnie zwrócono uwagę na zmienny charakter pracy systemów energetycznych, która wpływa na niestabilność pozyskanych danych, co prowadzi do zwiększenia niepewności pomiarowych badanych parametrów i może stać się źródłem potencjalnych błędów w ocenie systemu. W celu określenia rzetelności informacji pozyskanej z pomiarów cieplno-przepływowych zaproponowano metodę oceny wiarygodności wielkości parametrów mierzonych systemu przemian energetycznych elektrowni kondensacyjnej. W przedstawionej metodzie zastosowano rozmyty system wnioskujący, który stworzono w oparciu o klasyczne, statystyczne podejście do oceny jakości pomiaru. Poza algorytmami logiki rozmytej (ang. fuzzy logic) wykorzystano również algorytm k-średnich (ang. C-means), w celu zapewnienia uniwersalności zaproponowanego rozwiązani. Zastosowano także algorytm A priori aby wskazać zależności między parametrami badanego systemu, co pozwoliło na pełną ocenę rzetelności danych pomiarowych. W rozprawie doktorskiej wykazano, że zaproponowana metoda pozwala na efektywną, obiektywną oraz rzetelną ocenę danych pomiarowych badanego systemu. Wykazano również uniwersalność metody, która odpowiednio dostrojona może zostać wykorzystana do oceny wiarygodności pomiarów pozyskanych nie tylko z bloków energetycznych, ale także innych obiektów przemysłowych.

  • Metoda opracowania uniwersalnej osnowy na bazie krzemionki do unieruchomienia cieczy jonowych jako materiałów sorpcyjnych w technice mikroekstrakcji do fazy stacjonarnej
    • Karolina Delińska
    2022 Pełny tekst

    Rozprawa doktorska stanowi opis badań prowadzonych w trakcie czterech lat (2018-2022) studiów doktoranckich. Rezultaty prac badawczych zostały opublikowane w postaci pięciu oryginalnych artykułów, stanowiących podstawę tej rozprawy. Tematyka badań dotyczy wykorzystania cieczy jonowych w technice mikroekstrakcji do fazy stacjonarnej (ang. SPME). Głównym celem prowadzonych prac badawczych było: (a) otrzymanie nowej, porowatej sorpcyjnej powłoki włókna na bazie krzemionki, (b) unieruchomienie w porach otrzymanych materiałów cieczy jonowej oraz (c) wykorzystanie włókien w procesie ekstrakcji wybranych grup analitów z próbek wodnych oraz żywności. W toku prowadzonych prac opracowano nowy materiał sorpcyjny na bazie krzemionki, z odpowiednio dobranym prekursorem oraz substancją porotwórczą. Otrzymany materiał sorpcyjny charakteryzował się wysoką trwałością chemiczną, termiczną i mechaniczną. Włókna SPME na bazie opracowanych materiałów porowatych zostały z powodzeniem zastosowane w izolacji lotnych oraz średnio-lotnych związków organicznych. Anality, które zostały wykorzystane w przeprowadzonych badaniach obejmowały związki z grupy pochodnych benzenu oraz insektycydów organofosforowych. Z wykorzystaniem otrzymanych włókien przeprowadzono procedurę optymalizacji warunków prowadzenia ekstrakcji z fazy nadpowierzchniowej badanych próbek. Właściwości ekstrakcyjne opracowanych włókien porównano z właściwościami włókien komercyjnych. Analiza uzyskanych wyników wykazała, że opracowany materiał sorpcyjny, w przypadku wybranych analitów w próbkach wodnych żywnościowych oraz żywności, może stanowić rzeczywistą alternatywę wobec rozwiązań komercyjnych.

  • Metody analizy wytrzymałości konstrukcji wykonanych za pomocą technologii przyrostowej FDM i ich zastosowanie do warunków pracy przekładek okien podwodnych
    • Krzysztof Bobrowski
    2022 Pełny tekst

    Drukowanie 3D to technologia wytwarzania fizycznego obiektu poprzez nanoszenie kolejnych warstw materiału. W pracy zaprezentowano szereg badań eksperymentalnych i numerycznych, mających na celu zbadanie wpływu ułożenia włókien wydruku na jego własności mechaniczne. Analiza otrzymanych wyników prowadzi do wniosku, że wytrzymałość wydruku uzależniona jest od wielu parametrów druku, takich jak wysokość warstwy, kąt ułożenia włókien, orientacja wydruku w przestrzeni drukarki. Opracowano 3 modele numeryczne wydruków. Na szczególną uwagę zasługuje innowacyjny sposób budowy modelu belkowego bazującego na idei metody sztywnych elementów skończonych (SES). Przeprowadzona analiza g-codu oraz struktury wypełnienia wydruku 3D pozwala na jego bezpośrednią konwersję w liniowy model geometryczny. Poprawność modeli numerycznych została potwierdzona walidacją modeli numerycznych z badaniami eksperymentalnymi. W aspekcie aplikacyjnym, sprawdzono możliwość zastosowania metody FDM jako technologii do produkcji przekładek stosowanych w oknach podwodnych. Przeprowadzone w ramach pracy badania potwierdziły dużą zbieżność pomiędzy modelami numerycznymi i badaniami eksperymentalnymi przeprowadzonymi na obiektach materialnych. Przeprowadzona analiza numeryczna wykazała, że najlepszym materiałem na przekładki pod względem wytrzymałości doraźnej szkła są wydruki 3D.

  • Metody ekstrakcji ustrukturalizowanej treści z Wikipedii
    • Jarosław Kuchta
    2022

    Wikipedia jest od dawna przedmiotem zainteresowania badaczy. Jednym z obszarów zainteresowania jest pozyskiwanie wiedzy z treści Wikipedii a to wymaga parsowania tekstu artykułów. W tym rozdziale przedstawiono analizę porównawczą różnych możliwości parsowania treści Wikipedii, wskazując problemy, z jakimi muszą się mierzyć autorzy parserów. Dzięki temu można zrozumieć, dlaczego proces wydobywania wiedzy z Wikipedii jest trudny

  • Metody metagenomiczne w badaniu mikrobiomu jelitowego człowieka
    • Bartosz Ostrowski
    • Beata Krawczyk
    2022 Pełny tekst

    Mikroorganizmy zamieszkujące ciało człowieka to nie tylko komensale i groźne patogeny, ale także organizmy symbiotyczne pełniące kluczową rolę w zachowaniu homeostazy gospodarza. Badania metagenomiczne wykorzystujące techniki sekwen-cjonowania nowej generacji i metody bioinformatyczne pozwalają na dogłębne po-znanie mikrobiomu ludzkiego i poszukiwanie jego związku ze stanem zdrowia czło-wieka. Celem pracy jest omówienie różnych metodologii badawczych stosowanych w poznaniu mikrobiota jelitowej, począwszy od klasycznych metod hodowlanych, mikrobiologicznego profilowania opartego o analizę sekwencyjną zakonserwowanego ewolucyjnie genu markerowego (np. wysokoprzepustowe sekwencjonowanie oparte o gen 16S rDNA jest uważane jako złoty standard w badaniu mikrobiota), aż po właściwą analizę metagenomiczną typu shotgun, opartą o sekwencjonowanie nowej generacji (NGS – ang. next-generation sequencing).

  • Metody poprawy skuteczności oczyszczania powietrza zanieczyszczonego hydrofobowymi lotnymi związkami organicznymi w biofiltrach ze złożem zraszanym
    • Piotr Rybarczyk
    • Bartosz Szulczyński
    • Dominik Dobrzyniewski
    • Jacek Gębicki
    2022

    Zanieczyszczenie powietrza atmosferycznego lotnymi związkami organicznymi o charakterze odorowym stanowi uciążliwy problem środowiskowy oraz społeczny. Do oczyszczania dużych objętości tego typu gazów stosuje się m.in. biofiltrację. W niniejszej pracy przedyskutowano główne trudności związane z oczyszczaniem powietrza zanieczyszczonego hydrofobowymi lotnymi związkami organicznymi oraz podano aktualne trendy poprawy skuteczności oczyszczania ww. strumieni w procesach biofiltracji.

  • Metody wgłębnej mody$ kacji gruntu słabonośnego do posadowienia nowych i zapasowych lotniczych dróg startowych.
    • Eligiusz Mieloszyk
    • Anita Milewska
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    2022 Pełny tekst Przegląd Komunikacyjny

    Po analizie oddziaływań statków powietrznych na nawierzchnię lotniska (miejsca postojowe, pasy startowe, drogi startowe) uznano za celowe rozważenie problemu wgłębnego ulepszania lub wzmacniania podłoża gruntowego. Dotyczy to szczególnie gruntu sła- bonośnego. Przedstawiono szybką i skuteczną metodę wzmacniania podłoża gruntowego przeznaczonego do budowy obiektów inżynier- skich wykorzystywanych do wykonywania cywilnych lub wojskowych operacji lotniczych. Pozwala ona wykorzystywać do wspomnianych celów nieużytki, tereny podmokłe, bagna itp. tworząc w ten sposób rozproszoną sieć lądowisk zwiększającą bezpieczeństwo kraju oraz zdynamizować dostępność do transportu lotniczego dużych grup społecznych.

  • Metodyka testowania paliw żeglugowych w rzeczywistych warunkach pracy silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym.
    • Zbigniew Korczewski
    2022

    W monografii zestawiono opracowane metody diagnozowania silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym dużej mocy, które umożliwiają dokonanie kompleksowej oceny jakości użytkowej zastosowanego paliwa zasilającego pod względem energetycznym, emisyjnym i strukturalnym (niezawodnościowym). Przybliżono wybrane aspekty organizacyjne i metrologiczne testowania standardowych i modyfikowanych paliw żeglugowych w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Tego typu badania realizowane na modelu fizycznym w małej skali bezpośrednio poprzedzają wdrożenie testowanego paliwa do zasilania pełnowymiarowych silników okrętowych w eksploatacji. W początkowej części opracowania przedstawiono obszerną charakterystykę zaprojektowanej i zbudowanej instalacji zasilania paliwem silnika badawczego, która odwzorowuje adekwatne cechy konstrukcyjne i procesowe (parametryczne) rzeczywistej instalacji okrętowej. Uwzględniono w niej – między innymi – konieczność oczyszczania i podgrzewania paliwa przed jego wprowadzeniem do komory spalania silnika. Zaprezentowano również schemat organizacji badań przy zastosowaniu odpowiednio skonfigurowanej aparatury pomiarowej (diagnostycznej). Kluczowe znaczenie ma rozdział 4 poświęcony metodzie tworzenia rankingu jakości użytkowej paliw żeglugowych, którą opracowano zgodnie z teorią badań operacyjnych. Przyjęta procedura testowania paliwa przewiduje sformułowanie wielokryterialnej oceny jego przydatności eksploatacyjnej na podstawie badań eksperymentalnych procesów energetycznych silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym w ściśle określonych stanach obciążenia – ustalonych i nieustalonych. Badaniu poddaje się również emisyjność chemiczną spalin wylotowych, a także zmiany stanu technicznego przestrzeni roboczej oraz aparatury 164 Streszczenie w języku polskim wtryskowej silnika spowodowane destrukcyjnym oddziaływaniem testowanego paliwa zasilającego. Rozdział 6, będąc integralną częścią monografii, stanowi jednocześnie jej największy walor utylitarny, gdyż w odróżnieniu od wcześniejszych treści, stricte laboratoryjnych, zawiera szczegółowe wskazówki metodyczne odnośnie do realizacji badań energetycznych i emisyjnych silnika okrętowego w eksploatacji, zasilanego jednym z paliw żeglugowych testowanych wcześniej na silniku badawczym w laboratorium. Wyniki systematycznie prowadzonych badań eksploatacyjnych silnika objętego nadzorem diagnostycznym potwierdziły wysoką jakość użytkową zastosowanego paliwa, dobrze prognozując trwałość i niezawodność zasilanych nim silników okrętowych.

  • MgPdSb─An Electron-Deficient Half-Heusler Phase
    • Michał Winiarski
    • Kamila Stolecka
    • Leszek Litzbarski
    • Thao Tran
    • Karolina Górnicka
    • Tomasz Klimczuk
    2022 Pełny tekst Journal of Physical Chemistry C

    The half-Heusler family consists of many semiconducting intermetallic compounds, virtually all of them having a valence electron count (VEC) of 18. We have studied an electron-deficient (VEC = 17) phase MgPdSb and its Pd-stuffed variant MgPd1.25Sb. The cubic F4̅3m crystal structure was confirmed by the Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. The lattice parameter is a = 6.284 and 6.335 Å for MgPdSb and MgPd1.25Sb, respectively. The Debye temperature and Sommerfeld coefficient for MgPdSb are ΘD = 282 K and γ = 3.3 mJ mol–1 K–2, respectively, and are similar to those obtained for MgPd1.25Sb. There is neither phase transition nor superconductivity observed above 1.8 K. The differences between the electronic structures of Mg-based half-Heusler compounds make them robustly metallic, irrespective of the electron count and the introduction of interstitial transition metal (Pd) atoms.

  • Microbial and chemical quality assessment of the small rivers entering the South Baltic. Part II: Case study on the watercourses in the Puck Bay catchment area
    • Emilia Bączkowska
    • Agnieszka Kalinowska
    • Oskar Ronda
    • Katarzyna Jankowska
    • Rafał Bray
    • Bartosz Płóciennik
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    2022 Pełny tekst Archives of Environmental Protection

    Due to its location, Puck Bay is an area particularly vulnerable to pollution of anthropogenic origin. The aim of the study was to assess the water quality of small watercourses entering the inner part of Puck Bay. The paper presents the results of chemical and microbiological analyses of 10 rivers and canals at their estuaries located on the western shore of the internal Puck Bay. The following environmental parameters were analyzed: conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (in situ measurements), COD (cuvette tests), concentrations of ions (ion chromatography). Microbiological analysis included assessment of sanitary condition based on the number of fecal coliforms by a cultivation method. The determination of basic microbiological parameters such as: prokaryotic cell abundance expressed as total cells number (TCN), prokaryotic cell biovolume expressed as average cell volume (ACV), the prokaryotic biomass (PB) and prokaryotic cell morphotype diversity were determined using epifluorescence microscopy method. Based on the obtained results, it was found that small watercourses may carry a notable load of anthropogenic pollution and thus affect the environment of Puck Bay. The results clearly indicate the need for quality monitoring in the rivers and canals in the Coastal Landscape Park, flowing into Puck Bay. The research showed that also smaller watercourses may have an impact on the coastal waters’ state, and thus on the Baltic Sea water quality.

  • Microbial fuel cell applications for removal of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants: A review
    • Pegah Fatehbasharzad
    • Samira Aliasghari
    • Ipak Shaterzadeh Tabrizi
    • Javed Khan
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2022 Pełny tekst Water Resources and Industry

    Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are considered as the potential approaches to remediate the environments contaminated by hydrocarbons. This review addresses the application of BESs particularly microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, including BTEXs, from soil, water, wastewater and sediments. Details on reactor design and critical issues are discussed. Aspects on electrodes, redox mediators and membranes are evaluated, including economic feasibility. The microbial community is considered in detail. It can be concluded, that comparing to classic configurations, single-chamber air-cathode reactors are more cost-effective. Secondly, systems based on small-scale units are recommended for future developments.

  • Microcrystalline diamond film evaluation by spectroscopic optical coherence tomography
    • Paulina Strąkowska
    • Marcin Strąkowski
    2022 Pełny tekst Photonics Letters of Poland

    This study has focused on the microcrystalline diamond film (MCD) thickness evaluation. For this purpose, optical coherence tomography (OCT) enhanced by spectroscopic analysis has been used as a method of choice. The average thickness of the tested layer was about 1.5 µm, which is below the standard 2-point OCT resolution. In this case, the usefulness of the spectroscopic analysis was confirmed for the evaluation of the thickness changes in the submicrometer range.

  • Microfluidic devices for photo-and spectroelectrochemical applications
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka
    • Elizaveta Vereshchagina
    • Anna Dettlaff
    • Suchanat Boonkaew
    • Mattia Pierpaoli
    • Paul Wittendorp
    • Shruti Jain
    • Frode Tyholdt
    • Jacob Thomas
    • Pawel Wojcik
    2022 Pełny tekst Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

    The review presents recent developments in electrochemical devices for photo- and spectroelectrochemical investigations, with the emphasis on miniaturization (i.e., nanointerdigitated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices, micro- and nano-porous silicon membranes or microoptoelectromechanical systems), silica glass/microreactors (i.e., plasmonic, Raman spectroscopy or optical microcavities) or polymer-based devices (i.e., 3D-printed, laser-engraved channels). Furthermore, we have evaluated inter alia the efficiency of various fabrication approaches for bioelectrochemical systems, biocatalysis, photochemical synthesis, or single nanoparticle spectroelectrochemistry. We envisioned the miniaturization of applied techniques such as cathodoluminescence, surface plasmon resonance, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, voltametric and amperometric methods in the spectroelectrochemical microdevices. The research challenges and development perspectives of microfluidic, and spectroelectrochemical devices were also elaborated on.

  • Microporous N-Doped Carbon Obtained from Salt Melt Pyrolysis of Chitosan toward Supercapacitor and Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
    • Maria Rybarczyk
    • Karolina Cysewska
    • Recep Yuksel
    • Marek Lieder
    2022 Pełny tekst Nanomaterials

    The direct carbonization of low-cost and abundant chitosan biopolymer in the presencesalt eutectics leads to highly microporous, N-doped nanostructures. The microporous structureeasily manufactured using eutectic mixture (ZnCl2 -KCl) and chitosan. Potassium ions here can act as an intercalating agent, leading to the formation of lamellar carbon sheets, whereas zinc chloride generates significant porosity. Here, we present an efficient synthetic way for microporous carbon nanostructures production with a total nitrogen content of 8.7%. Preliminary studies were performed to show the possibility of the use of such material as a catalyst for supercapacitor and ORR. The textural properties enhanced capacitance, which stem from improved accessibility of previously blocked or inactive pores in the carbon structure, leading to the conclusion that porogen salts and molten salt strategies produce materials with tailor-made morphologies. The synergistic effectthe eutectic salt is seen in controlled porous structures and pore size, and the micropores boosting adsorption ability.

  • Microwave Alignment and Displacement Sensors in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
    • Ali Karami Horestani
    • Zahra Shaterian
    • Michał Mrozowski
    2022

    This paper is aimed at presenting highly sensitive microwave displacement and alignment sensors. With this goal, the method of realizing mechanically tunable cavity resonators in groove gap waveguides technology is presented. The resonance frequency of the cavity is then used for displacement sensing. It is also demonstrated that the symmetry properties of a pair of groove gap waveguide cavities can be used to improve the robustness of the sensor to variations in ambient conditions. The proposed sensor also benefits from a reference zero, thus can be used as an alignment sensor. A very good sensitivity of S=1.25 GHz/mm is achieved, which can be easily improved by scaling the operating frequency.

  • Microwave Characterization of Dielectric Sheets in a Plano-Concave Fabry-Perot Open Resonator
    • Bartlomiej Salski
    • Tomasz Karpisz
    • Małgorzata Warecka
    • Piotr Kowalczyk
    • Piotr Czekala
    • Pawel Kopyt
    2022 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES

    Despite its long history, a double-concave (DC) Fabry-Perot open resonator (FPOR) has recently gained popularity in the characterization of dielectrics in the 20–110 GHz range, mainly due to such novel accomplishments as full automation of the measurement process and the development of even ore accurate and computationally efficient electromagnetic model. However, it has been discovered that such a DC resonator suffers from unwanted mode coupling present for electrically thick samples. Such limitations are missing in a plano-concave (PC) FPOR. For those reasons, the aim in this article is to apply the newly proposed scattering matrix method in the study of major properties of that kind of a resonator and, subsequently, to propose a new tool dedicated to the measurement of dielectrics without the aforementioned limits. For the first time in the literature, major properties of the PC FPOR with and without the sample, such as resonance frequencies, geometric factors, energy filling factors, and the resulting quality factor, are rigorously computed. Moreover, their impact on the accuracy of the loss tangent extraction is investigated. Such a study, which opens the way for accurate microwave characterization of electrically thick dielectric sheets above 20 GHz, has never been performed before. The whole complex permittivity extraction algorithm presented in this article is validated experimentally by measuring wellknown materials, namely, C-plane sapphire, silicon, and Z-cut monocrystalline quartz.

  • Microwave Ring Resonator Based Pressure Sensor
    • Abhishek Kumar Jha
    • Michał Mrozowski
    2022

    This paper demonstrates a microwave pressure sensor, which is based on microstrip line-fed ring resonators. The first ring resonator is loaded with the concentric cylindrical shafts, while the same number of the hollow shanks as the shafts are mounted on the second ring resonator. The arrangement of the cylindrical shaft and hollow shank allows for mechanical movement between two substrates while maintaining electrical contact. The external pressure applied to the substrate translates the cylindrical shaft into the hollow shank, resulting in a change in the resonant frequency. The proposed sensor is found to measure an applied pressure up to 40.5 kPa with an average sensitivity of 9.62 kHz/Pa.

  • Miłość
    • Krzysztof Wróblewski
    2022

    Miłość Czymkolwiek jest - uczuciem dodającym skrzydeł, niszczącą siłą, miłością fizyczną, platoniczną, narcystyczną, do ludzi, do świata czy do „trzech pomarańczy” - bez jej inspiracji nie byłoby sztuki. Co prawda, teraz wystarczy kliknąć odpowiedni emotikon i już mamy obrazek miłości, wybieramy sobie emocje i przesłanie. Ale dzisiaj, w obliczu wojny i krzywdy wyrządzanej niewinnym, hasło „miłość” nie brzmi banalnie ani patetycznie, bo to z niej bierze się siła, która każe ludziom czynić dobro, pomagać innym wbrew wszystkiemu, przezwyciężając własną słabość i strach. Niech sztuka, oparta na takiej inspiracji, będzie sprzymierzeńcem dobra.

  • Mineral Composition of Dietary Supplements-Analytical and Chemometric Approach
    • Joanna Brzezińska-Rjek
    • Małgorzata Rutkowska
    • Justyna Brzezicha
    • Piotr Konieczka
    • Magdalena Prokopowicz
    • Małgorzata Grembecka
    2022 Pełny tekst Nutrients

    There is a lack of data on the actual composition and effectiveness of beetroot-based dietary supplements. The research aimed to determine the profile of 22 elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, As, Se, Zn, Cu, Ag, Co, Ni, Mo, Al, Mn, Sr, Cr, Ba, Li, Pb, Cd) in beetroot and its supplements by the microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) method. The analytical procedure was optimised and validated. The composition of both groups was compared, assessing compliance with the recommended daily doses for the chosen elements, and the health risk was estimated. Furthermore, chemometric analysis was applied. Beetroots constituted a significant source of elements, especially K, Na, Mg, Ca, P, in contrast to supplements which contained their negligible amounts except from iron-enriched products which provided notable amounts of Fe (38.3–88% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for an adult male from 19 to 75 years old). Some products were significantly contaminated with toxic elements (As, Cd). Factor and cluster analyses were helpful in the differentiation of beetroot and its supplements in view of their type (vegetable, supplement, iron-enriched supplement), origin, type of cultivation (conventional, organic), and form (capsule, tablet) based on their mineral composition. The obtained results indicate the need for more stringent control of supplements, as they may pose a significant health risk to consumers.

  • Miniaturized, green salting-out liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with GC–MS used to evaluate biogenic amines in wine samples
    • Magdalena Fabjanowicz
    • Anna Różańska
    • Kaja Kalinowska
    • Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
    2022 Pełny tekst MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL

    Monitoring of the biogenic amines (BAs) content in food products, including wine, is important due to the health and safety of consumers and from the quality control point of view. In a given study, simultaneous derivatization and salting-out liquid–liquid microextraction (SALLME) coupled with GC–MS for BAs determination from wine samples was developed. For the optimization the Box-Behnken design was applied, where three independent factors were evaluated: the amount of NaCl, amount of EtAc and vortexing time. The proposed approach is characterized by good sensitivity expressed in the detection limit between 1.5 and 8.1 µg/L, good recovery on the level 84 – 106% and good reproducibility, it is fast (20 min) and easy to perform. Moreover, the BAs index (BAI) was applied in order to assess the quality of examined wines. BAI value for most of wine samples were below 2 mg/L what indicates that selected wines were of high quality.

  • Miniaturized Metal-Mountable U-shaped Inductive-Coupling-Fed UHF RFID Tag Antenna with Defected Microstrip Surface
    • Fuad Erman
    • Michał Kozieł
    • Effariza Hanafi
    • Rawan Soboh
    • Stanisław Szczepański
    2022 Pełny tekst IEEE Access

    This study presents a novel miniature ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag for metallic objects. Its arrangement includes a U-shaped feeder, which is inductively coupled to two E-type connected patches. Size reduction is achieved by means of utilizing the U-shaped feeder, and introducing a defection in the connection between the two E-type patches. The defection in the connection area between the patches modifies the current distribution by increasing the electrical length, and the antenna inductance. Furthermore, increasing the length of the U-shaped structure significantly raises the antenna inductance and, consequently, the flexibility of the structure for the impedance matching purpose. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is employed for the fabrication of the designed tag. The tag’s size is 65 × 20 × 1.5 , and does not require any complex fabrication process such as utilization of metal vias and/or shorting stubs. It is observed that with 4W EIRP, the measured detection distance is 6.9 when it is attached onto metal sheets (20 × 20 ), and 5.54 when it is in free space. The measurement results also are in good agreement with the simulated results.

  • Minimal Sets of Lefschetz Periods for Morse-Smale Diffeomorphisms of a Connected Sum of g Real Projective Planes
    • Grzegorz Graff
    • Adrian Myszkowski
    2022 Pełny tekst

    The dataset titled Database of the minimal sets of Lefschetz periods for Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms of a connected sum of g real projective planes contains all of the values of the topological invariant called the minimal set of Lefschetz periods, computed for Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms of a non-orientable compact surface without boundary of genus g (i.e. a connected sum of g real projective planes), where g varies from 1 to 54.

  • Minimal surfaces and conservation laws for bidimensional structures
    • Victor Eremeev
    2022 Pełny tekst MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS OF SOLIDS

    We discuss conservation laws for thin structures which could be modeled as a material minimal surface, i.e., a surface with zero mean curvatures. The models of an elastic membrane and micropolar (six-parameter) shell undergoing finite deformations are considered. We show that for a minimal surface, it is possible to formulate a conservation law similar to three-dimensional non-linear elasticity. It brings us a path-independent J-integral which could be used in mechanics of fracture. So, the class of minimal surfaces extends significantly a possible geometry of two-dimensional structures which possess conservation laws.

  • Mining Knowledge of Respiratory Rate Quantification and Abnormal Pattern Prediction
    • Piotr Szczuko
    • Adam Kurowski
    • Piotr Odya
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    • Bożena Kostek
    • Beata Graff
    • Krzysztof Narkiewicz
    2022 Pełny tekst Cognitive Computation

    The described application of granular computing is motivated because cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major killer globally. There is increasing evidence that abnormal respiratory patterns might contribute to the development and progression of CVD. Consequently, a method that would support a physician in respiratory pattern evaluation should be developed. Group decision-making, tri-way reasoning, and rough set–based analysis were applied to granular computing. Signal attributes and anthropomorphic parameters were explored to develop prediction models to determine the percentage contribution of periodic-like, intermediate, and normal breathing patterns in the analyzed signals. The proposed methodology was validated employing k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and UMAP (uniform manifold approximation and projection). The presented approach applied to respiratory pattern evaluation shows that median accuracies in a considerable number of cases exceeded 0.75. Overall, parameters related to signal analysis are indicated as more important than anthropomorphic features. It was also found that obesity characterized by a high WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) and male sex were predisposing factors for the occurrence of periodic-like or intermediate patterns of respiration. It may be among the essential findings derived from this study. Based on classification measures, it may be observed that a physician may use such a methodology as a respiratory pattern evaluation-aided method.

  • Misje i misjonarska retoryka w zarządzaniu platformami mediów
    • Jan Kreft
    2022

    Trudno o bardziej znane i poruszające zbiorową wyobraźnię przekazy cyfrowych platforma, niż zapisy ich misji. Nie tylko łatwo wyjaśniają one rolę organizacji, ale zapewniają racjonalizację tego, kto lub czym jest coś lub jak działa. Dla Facebooka, Google i wielu innych organizacji pragnących „zmienić świat na lepszy” są elementem samonapędzającego się mechanizmu utwierdzającego w słuszności obranej drogi. W przypadku cyfrowych platform mediów zapisy misji nie tytko są częścią narracji kształtujących ich tożsamość organizacyjną, ale formują misjonarski charakter organizacji. W ich przypadku dochodzi jednak do powstawania zniekształceń komunikacyjnych: pod presją osiągania podstawowych celów rynkowych tak konstruują przekazy misjne, by powstały korzystne konteksty społeczne i polityczne1. Misje są zatem formą autokreacji - misjonarskiej retoryki konfrontowanej z obawami o wpływ (władzę) platform na kulturę i przekonaniem, że ani korporacje nowych technologii i mediów, ani ich produkty nie tylko nie czynią świata jednoznacznie lepszym, ale oferują przede wszystkim uporanie się z trywialnymi problemami (PDF) J. KREFT - Misje i misjonarska retoryka. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365476703_J_KREFT_-_Misje_i_misjonarska_retoryka [accessed Jan 25 2023].

  • Mission impossible for cellular internalization: When porphyrin alliance with UiO-66-NH2 MOF gives the cell lines a ride
    • Sepideh Ahmadi
    • Vahid Jajarmi
    • Milad Ashrafizadeh
    • Ali Zarrabi
    • Józef Haponiuk
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Eder C. Lima
    • Mohammad Rabiee
    • Navid Rabiee
    2022 JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

    Is it possible to accelerate cell internalization by hybridization of nanomaterials? Herein we support the realization of using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with the assistance of rigid porphyrin structure (H2TMP) aimed at drug loading, drug release, relative cell viability, and targeted in vitro drug delivery. There are several MOFs, i.e., UiO-66-NH2 (125 ± 12.5 nm), UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP (160 ± 14 nm), UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX, and UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO were synthesized and characterized applying HEK-293, HT-29, MCF-7, and MCF-10A cell lines. MTT investigations proved a significantly higher relative cell viability for H2TMPaided leaf-extract-coated nanocarriers (above 62 % relative cell viability). Furthermore, the rigid H2TMP structure improved drug loading capacity by 24 % through an enhanced hydrogen bond, van der Waals, and π-π interactions. The in vitro targeted drug delivery experiments were conducted on HT-29 and MCF-7 cell lines. First, nanocarriers were treated with HT-29 cells, where UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO appeared as the best nanocarrier. Then, the selected nanocarrier was extracted from the HT-29 cell line and treated with the MCF-7 cell line. For the first time, the DOX remained inside the UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO after successful delivery to the HT-29 cell lines was observed on the MCF-7 cell line, and the second targeted drug delivery was performed. The results of this survey can enlighten the future ahead of cell internalization in MOF-based hybrid nanostructures.

  • Mitigating Traffic Remapping Attacks in Autonomous Multi-hop Wireless Networks
    • Jerzy Konorski
    • Szymon Szott
    2022 Pełny tekst IEEE Internet of Things Journal

    Multihop wireless networks with autonomous nodes are susceptible to selfish traffic remapping attacks (TRAs). Nodes launching TRAs leverage the underlying channel access function to receive an unduly high Quality of Service (QoS) for packet flows traversing source-to-destination routes. TRAs are easy to execute, impossible to prevent, difficult to detect, and harmful to the QoS of honest nodes. Recognizing the need for providing QoS security, we use a novel network-oriented QoS metric to propose a self-enforcing game-theoretic mitigation approach. By switching between TRA and honest behavior, selfish nodes engage in a noncooperative multistage game in pursuit of high QoS. We analyze feasible node strategies and design a distributed signaling mechanism called DISTRESS, under which, given certain conditions, the game produces a desirable outcome: after an upper bounded play time, honesty tends to become a selfish node’s best reply behavior, while yielding acceptable QoS to most or all nodes. We verify these findings by Monte Carlo and ns-3 simulations of static and mobile nodes.

  • Mobility’s Influence on System Loss in Off-Body BAN Scenarios
    • Manuel M. Ferreira
    • Filipe D. Cardoso
    • Sławomir Ambroziak
    • Kenan Turbić
    • Luis M. Correia
    2022

    In this paper, a measurement campaign for off body communications in an indoor environment is investigated for a set of on-body antennas. The channel impulse response was measured with the user approaching and departing from an off-body fixed antenna using two user dynamics, standing at fixed positions and walking. The processing of the measurement data allowed to evaluate system loss statistics. Different antenna configurations are classified in terms of mobility and visibility depending on the on-body antenna placement. A dependence on distance is found for the antennas with the lowest mobility (chest and head), while no significant dependence is found for the antennas with the highest mobility (arms and legs). Regarding the standard deviation of system loss, higher values are found in walking scenarios (above 2.6 dB) compared to the standing ones (below 0.6 dB); standard deviation also shows a clear dependence on mobility, 1.6 dB for walking and 0.5 dB for standing scenarios.

  • Moda na lastrico
    • Sylwia Świątek-Żołyńska
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Władysław Ryżyński
    2022 Pełny tekst Builder

    W oresie renesansu posadzek betonowych typu ;astrico oraz zainteresowania tym rodzajem posadzek wśród inwestorów warto zwrócić uwagę na zagadnienia materiałowe i technologiczne w kontekście eksploatacji oraz napraw. W artykule na przywołanych przykładach przedstawiono rózne warianty napraw posadzek typu lastrico

  • Modal FEM Analysis of Ferrite Resonant Structures
    • Małgorzata Warecka
    • Grzegorz Fotyga
    • Piotr Kowalczyk
    • Rafał Lech
    • Michał Mrozowski
    • Adam Pacewicz
    • Bartlomiej Salski
    • Jerzy Krupka
    2022 IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS

    The finite-element method (FEM) is applied for modal analysis of ferrite-loaded spherical resonators. To improve the efficiency of the numerical calculations, the body-of-revolution (BOR) technique is utilized. Due to the frequency-dependent ferrite permeability, FEM leads to a nonlinear eigenvalue problem that is challenging to solve. To this end, Beyn’s method is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing with the results obtained analytically and with the measured data.

  • Model prodłużniczy i model prowierzycielski – porównanie skuteczności prawa upadłościowego
    • Przemysław Banasik
    • Małgorzata Godlewska
    • Sylwia Morawska
    • Piotr Kędzierski
    • Jolanta Turek
    2022 KWARTALNIK NAUK O PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWIE

    Bankruptcy in court proceedings has been of interest to researchers for many years. Researchers look for internal and external factors which influence the effectiveness and efficiency of bankruptcy proceedings; for example, the impact of the country’s level of development on the efficiency of bankruptcy proceedings, a system of incentives for the active participation of creditors in bankruptcy proceedings to increase their recovery rate, and mechanisms which encourage the early filing of an application for bankruptcy. Against the background of the research to date, a research gap was identified in the scope of the impact of the bankruptcy (pro-debtor/pro-creditor) law model on the effectiveness of the calculated recovery rate for creditors. The research fills a cognitive gap in New Institutional Economics by examining formal institutions in action, i.e. whether bankruptcy law meets its objectives in practice.

  • Model tests of cast-in-place piles formed by using different types of auger
    • Adam Krasiński
    • Paweł Więcławski
    • Mateusz Wiszniewski
    • Tomasz Kusio
    2022

    Model tests are still a popular research tool used to observe and determine the mechanisms of pile-soil interaction. Due to the significant scale effect, the results of model tests performed in the 1g system can only be analysed from the qualitative side. This article describes and presents the results of 1g pile model tests carried out for comparative purposes. There were tested the effectiveness and efficiency of various types of drilling augers forming cast-in-place piles in non-cohesive soil. The SDP and prototype DPDT augers were mainly tested. The tests were performed in fine, moist and fully saturated sand. The screwing resistance of individual drills and Q-s characteristics of pile models were analysed, with its division into the shaft and base resistances. Pile test results were correlated with CPT results. Comparative analyses have shown some advantages and disadvantages of the DPDT auger versus the SDP drill in relation to the screwing torque, load-bearing capacity and settlement characteristic of piles formed by both augers.

  • Model-based identification of the dominant N2O emission pathway in a full-scale activated sludge system
    • Mojtaba Maktabifard
    • Kati Blomberg
    • Ewa Zaborowska
    • Anna Mikola
    • Jacek Mąkinia
    2022 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

    Activated sludge models (ASMs), extended with an N2O emission module, are powerful tools to describe the operation of full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Specifically, such models can investigate the most contributive N2O production pathways and guide towards N2O and carbon footprint (CF) mitigation measures. A common practice is to develop and validate models using data from a single WWTP. In this study, a successfully validated model in one plant (Slupsk / Poland) was extrapolated to another full-scale WWTP (Viikinmäki / Finland). For this purpose, the previously developed ASM No. 2d with the N2O module was used. Moreover, the results of calibration and validation of that model were compared with those obtained on the basis of the ASM No. 3 with an N2O module. A novel, rigorous calibration protocol, based on the system engineering approach, was implemented to minimize the number of adjusted parameters without compromising the accuracy of model predictions. The validated model accurately predicted the behavior of the system in terms of the liquid N2O production in the bioreactor and gaseous N2O emissions. Model-based identification of N2O production pathways revealed the key role of heterotrophs duo to their high abundance in the microbial community. The N2O emission factor (EF) at the studied plant was found between 0.9 to 0.94% of the influent TN-load for the validation and calibration period, respectively. Based on the model predictions, it was estimated that the aerobic zones contributed to over 93% of the N2O emitted to the atmosphere, while the remaining portion (7%) resulted from the N2O liquid-gas transfer in the non-aerated zones. The difference between the predicted N2O EF and the empirical EF calculation would lead to almost 1000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent reduction of the annual CF of the plant, which highlights the importance of model applications in CF studies.

  • Model-free and Model-based Reinforcement Learning, the Intersection of Learning and Planning
    • Piotr Januszewski
    2022

    My doctoral dissertation is intended as the compound of four publications considering: structure and randomness in planning and reinforcement learning, continuous control with ensemble deep deterministic policy gradients, toddler-inspired active representation learning, and large-scale deep reinforcement learning costs.