2022 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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The impact of surface slope and calculation resolution on the fractal dimension for fractures of steels after bending-torsion fatigue
- Wojciech Macek
2022 Pełny tekst Surface Topography-Metrology and Properties
The article presents the results of the fractal dimension measurements on the fatigue fracture surfaces of 10HNAP and S355J2 steels specimens after combined bending-torsion fatigue. For smooth and ring-notched specimens, three loading conditions were analyzed: (1) bending; (2) bending-torsion; and (3) torsion fatigue. Post-failure surface topography measurements were carried out on the entire fracture surfaces using an optical profilometer. The fractal dimension was computed with general slope and after removing them by leveling operation, as well as with two different resolutions. The analysis of the fractal dimension delineated by the enclosing boxes method (EBM) allowed to formulate guidelines that, in terms of further estimation of the method of failure, the optimum is extra-fine resolution without leveling.
The impact of thermomechanical and chemical treatment of waste Brewers’ spent grain and soil biodegradation of sustainable Mater-Bi-Based biocomposites
- Aleksander Hejna
- Mateusz Barczewski
- Paulina Kosmela
- Olga Mysiukiewicz
- Paweł Sulima
- Andrzej Jerzy Przyborowski
- Mohammad Saeb
2022 Pełny tekst WASTE MANAGEMENT
Due to the massive plastic pollution, development of sustainable and biodegradable polymer materials is crucial to reduce environmental burdens and support climate neutrality. Application of lignocellulosic wastes as fillers for polymer composites was broadly reported, but analysis of biodegradation behavior of resulting biocomposites was rarely examined. Herein, sustainable Mater-Bi-based biocomposites filled with thermomechanically- and chemically-modified brewers’ spent grain (BSG) were prepared and subjected to 12-week soil burial test simu- lating their biodegradation in natural environment. BSG stabilizing effect on polymer matrix affected by the content of melanoidins and antioxidant phytochemicals, along with the impact of diisocyanate applied to strengthen the interfacial adhesion. Biocomposites showed 25–35 wt% mass loss over 12 weeks resulting from swelling of BSG filler and sample microcracking, which increased surface roughness by 247–448 %. The degree of decomposition was partially reduced by BSG modifications pointing to the stabilizing effect of melanoidins and phytochemicals, and enhanced interfacial adhesion. Soil burial-induced structural changes enhanced bio- composites’ thermal stability determined by thermogravimetric analysis shifting decomposition onset by 14.4–32.0 ◦C due to the biodegradation of lower molecular weight starch macromolecules confirmed by dif- ferential scanning calorimetry. For unfilled Mater-Bi, it caused an average 32 % reduction in complex viscosity and storage modulus captured by oscillatory rheological measurements. Nonetheless, the inverse effect was noted for biocomposites where modulus increased even by one order of magnitude due to the swelling of BSG particles and amorphous phase decomposition. Presented results indicate that BSG promotes soil degradation of Mater-Bi and its rate can be engineered by biofiller treatment elaboration
The importance and availability of marine certified reference materials
- Chintankumar Padariya
- Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Piotr Konieczka
2022 CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Traceability and reliable results are the two pillars of analytical methods; certified reference materials (CRMs) meet this requirement. ISO 17034:2016 credentials provide brief information on general requirements for the competence of Reference Material Producers (RMPs). The different types of CRMs have been produced in recent years for chemical analysis in food, water, soil, and sediment matrices in recent years. This review provides a detailed overview of the development of CRMs in the field of marine environment, as matrix CRMs play an important role in the field of environmental monitoring. COMAR database, EVISA database: materials, LGC standards, and JRC catalogs are very helpful online resources to find various types of CRMs according to the application requirements.
The Importance of Demand and Environment for Defining and Establishing the Role of Data Stewards
- Anna Wałek
- Patrick Helling
- Felix Rau
- Monika Linne
- Jens Dierkes
- Mijke Jetten
- Magdalena Szuflita-Żurawska
2022 Pełny tekst
Data stewardship is now a central part of FAIR research data management. Although various types of positions called data stewards have been created at academic institutions over the last years, no demand-oriented, formal model of data stewardship and the associated roles exist so far. This workshop report presents the outcomes of the panel discussion “The Importance of Demand and Environment for Defining Data Stewardship” held at the International FAIR Convergence Symposium 2020. It starts with the description of the situation at four structurally diverse research data management centers and their individual perspectives on the idea and role of data stewards. Despite efforts to define the profile of a data steward, the role is still new and the individual position profiles have not yet converged on a coherent job description, which is showing that local demand and environment are still more defining for specific positions than a generalized data steward role.
The Influence of Cooperation on the Operation of an MPC Controller Pair in a Nuclear Power Plant Turbine Generator Set
- Paweł Sokólski
- Tomasz Adam Rutkowski
- Bartosz Ceran
- Daria Złotecka
- Dariusz Horla
2022 Pełny tekst ENERGIES
The paper discusses the problem of cooperation between multiple model predictive control (MPC) systems. This approach aims at improving the control quality in electrical energy generation and forms the next step in a series of publications by the authors focusing on the optimization and control of electric power systems. Cooperation and cooperative object concepts in relation to a multi MPC system are deﬁned and a cooperative control solution for a nuclear power plant’s turbine generator set is proposed. The aim of enabling information exchange between the controllers is to improve the performance of power generation. Presented and discussed simulation tests include various variants of information exchange between the turbine and synchronous generator MPC controllers of the nuclear power plant.
The influence of ILs on TiO2 microspheres activity towards 5-FU removal under artificial sunlight irradiation
- Patrycja Wilczewska
- Anna Pancielejko
- Justyna Łuczak
- Malwina Kroczewska
- Wojciech Lisowski
- Ewa Siedlecka
2022 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
In this work, the effect of various ionic liquids (ILs), namely, choline chloride [Chol][Cl], hexadecylpyridynium chloride [HDPy][Cl], and tributylmethylammonium chloride [TBMA][Cl], on the morphology, surface compo-sition in relation to photocatalytic oxidation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and phenol in the presence of TiO2 pho-tocatalysts under artificial sunlight conditions was investigated. The highest photoactivity towards cytostatic drug removal was found when [TBMA][Cl] was used for the synthesis, for phenol removal photoactivity was not changed in all cases. Among the selected ionic liquids, only [TMBA][Cl] made it possible to form the Ti3+species, which was equivalent to the occurrence of oxygen vacancies and was beneficial for the photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the increase of ILs-TiO2 photoactivity was assigned to the presence of IL or IL’s organic residues on the photocatalyst surface responsible for better hole and electron separation. The mechanism of 5-FU degradation over the most photoactive photocatalyst was varied under different types of light irradiation, and •OHfree radicals were the major entities in the drug removal under UV light, while holes and •OH free radicals under solar light. These studies represent a promising approach to cytostatic drug removal in the presence of TiO2 microspheres prepared in the presence of others than imidazolium-based ILs.
The Influence of Low-Temperature Disintegration on the Co-Fermentation Process of Distillation Residue and Waste-Activated Sludge
- Anna Remiszewska-Skwarek
- Ryszard Wierzchnicki
- Otton K. Roubinek
- Archana Kasinath
- Alicja Jeżewska
- Magdalena Jasinska
- Hubert Byliński
- Andrzej G. Chmielewski
- Krzysztof Czerwionka
2022 Pełny tekst ENERGIES
: Innovative low-temperature disintegration (process temperature 55 ◦C and oxygen concentration 0.2 mg/dm3 ) can be an economically rational technology to intensifying energy production from renewable sources. The proposed process can achieve a degree of disintegration—under optimal conditions—of about 50%, which is excellent when compared with other methods of feed pre-treatment. The low-temperature disintegration of distillation residue and waste-activated sludge before the co-fermentation process increased biogas production by 30% and methane production by 65% (over a 26 d duration). The obtained results confirm that the low-temperature disintegration method can be effectively used to pre-prepare this type of feed. At the same time, it was discovered that the Gompertz model can be used to mathematically describe the biogas accumulation curves in the methane co-fermentation processes of the tested feeds (the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.98).
The influence of Nigella sativa essential oil on proliferation, activation, and apoptosis of human T lymphocytes in vitro
- Klaudia Ciesielska-Figlon
- Agnieszka Daca
- Adam Kokotkiewicz
- Maria Łuczkiewicz
- Bożena Zabiegała
- Jacek M. Witkowski
- Katarzyna A. Lisowska
2022 Pełny tekst BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
In previous work, we tested the immunomodulatory effect of Nigella sativa (NS) fatty oil. Our results demonstrated that unrefined, obtained by cold pressing black cumin seed oil inhibited lymphocytes’ proliferation and induced their apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory properties of essential oil (EO) obtained from the NS seeds by hydrodistillation and its two main constituents: thymoquinone (TQ) and p-cymene. We analyzed the proliferation, activation phenotype, and apoptosis rates of human T lymphocytes stimulated with an immobilized monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody in the presence of serial ethanol dilutions of tested oil or serial distilled water dilutions of tested compounds with flow cytometry. Our results showed that NSEO significantly inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner, and reduced the expression of CD28 and CD25 antigens essential for lymphocyte activation. TQ inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes and induced cell death, particularly in high concentrations. Meanwhile, p-cymene did not influence lymphocyte proliferation. However, its high concentration induced cell necrosis. These results show that the essential oil from Nigella sativa has powerful immunomodulatory properties, which, at least partially, are related to the TQ component.
The influence of pressure drop on the working volume of a hydraulic motor
- Paweł Śliwiński
2022 Pełny tekst Eksploatacja i Niezawodność - Maintenance and Reliability
Reliability and maintenance analysis of hydraulic positive machines basicly focused on the processes of their wear and failure. But in order to correctly assess the mechanical and volumetric efficiency of a hydraulic motor, both at the stage of development research or at the stage of control tests during its exploitation, the working volume of this motor must be correctly determined. Therefore this paper proposes a new method of assessment of the size of the working volume of a hydraulic motor. It has been shown that the hydraulic motor absorbency per one revolution of this motor shaft is a non-linear function of pressure drop in working mechanism of the motor and non-linear function of motor rotational speed. Thus the relation between the working volume of a hydraulic motor and the pressure drop in the motor working mechanism is a non-linear function. This working volume as a function of pressure drop has been called the actual working volume. The correctness of the proposed method was confirmed experimentally.
The Influence of Storage on Human Milk Lipidome Stability for Lipidomic Studies
- Dorota Garwolińska
- Michał Młynarczyk
- Agata Kot-Wasik
- Weronika Hewelt-Belka
2022 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
Human milk (HM) lipidome stability during storage is crucial in lipidomic studies to avoid misinterpretations. Facing the lack of comprehensive work on the HM lipidome stability, we performed a study on a potential alteration in the lipid profiles of HM samples stored under different conditions. An untargeted LC-Q-TOF-MS-based approach was applied to study the influence of storage conditions as well as the interaction of the storage temperature and time on HM lipid profiles. The samples were stored for 4–84 days at temperatures in the range from 4 to −80 °C and also were exposed to up to three freeze–thaw cycles. The results showed that the storage at 4 °C for just 4 days as well as being subjected to three freeze–thaw cycles can lead to a change in the content of lipids. The observed differences in levels of some lipid species in samples stored at −20 °C in comparison to the concentration level of those lipids in samples stored at −80 °C were not statistically significant, and inter-individual variance regardless of sample storage condition was maintained. The storage of HM samples at −20 °C for up to 3 weeks and −80 °C for up to 12 weeks ensures sample lipidome stability.
The Influence of Thin Gold Electrodes on the High-Temperature Impedance of Oxide Glasses
- Natalia Wójcik
- Ryszard Barczyński
2022 Pełny tekst Coatings
The influence of thin gold electrodes on the electrical measurements of glasses at high temperatures was studied using impedance spectroscopy. The impedance was measured several times over a wide frequency range from 10 mHz to 1 MHz and the temperature ranged from 213 to 673 K under air and nitrogen atmospheres. The results showed a drop in the conductivity of more than an order of magnitude at a temperature around 603 K during heating. An additional relaxation process was found at the low-frequency region. The occurred process was correlated with the thermal disintegration of the gold nano-layer used as an improvement in the electrical contact. The possible ambiguous interpretation of high-temperature impedance spectra was presented as a consequence of performing the electrical measurements only during heating or cooling while using unstable thin gold electrodes. Moreover, a possible solution to this problem was proposed.
The innovative approach for using pavement as a fire prevention measure in tunnels
- Mariusz Jaczewski
- Marek Pszczoła
- Dawid Ryś
- Piotr Jaskuła
2022 Pełny tekst
The paper consists of two main parts: first presents study regarding the typically used pavement structures in tunnels and the second part: the first fire trials of the poroelastic SEPOR (Safe, Eco-friendly POroelastic Road Surface) mixture which was designed to be used among other uses in tunnels. In the first part of the paper different pavement materials, such as cement concrete, asphalt concrete, stone mastic asphalt and porous asphalt are analyzed from the point of view of fire resistance. The paper summarize the wide and comprehensive literature review (both technical reports, conference presentations and journal articles) and presents advantages and disadvantages of specific pavement types. In the paper also the perspective improvements and advantageous mechanisms are presented for asphalt pavements. The literature review helps the administration and technical staff to get to know the properties of each pavement and chose the best one for their application. The second part of the paper present the innovative poroelastic SEPOR pavement, which is designed to slow down the initiation of the fire. The mixture is designed using the mineral aggregate, rubber aggregate and highly SBS-polymer modified bitumen. The mixture is designed to contain at least of 15% of mass of rubber aggregate and with target of voids around 20%. Such composition allows to slow down the ignition of the fire and allow people to have more time for evacuation. The paper presents two fire trials which were conducted for the SEPOR pavement. First trial was designed to measure the temperature increase during fire on the level of the vehicle floor. The second trial was designed to measure both the temperature of the vehicle and the time of fire ignition and the development of fire. During second trial real vehicles were used in the test. The measurement were direct for the real fire conditions. The first trial showed that the SEPOR pavement shows lower trial of fire temperature development. The measured temperatures were lower and increase slower in comparison to the pavements typically used in tunnels, such as stone mastic asphalt (SMA) or cement concrete. Also the SEPOR pavement showed in some specimen the possibility to dampen the flames during the fire. The second trial showed that SEPOR pavement presents superior ability in comparison to classical asphalt pavements, such as SMA.
The Laboratory Stand for the Evaluation of Heat Dissipation from the Power Cable in a Casing Pipe
- Romuald Masnicki
- Janusz Mindykowski
- Beata Palczynska
2022
The current carrying capacity of a power cable determines its efficiency, which depends on its capability to dissipate heat produced inside the cable, as a result of current flow, into the surrounding. The studies were conducted to determine how the characteristics of the medium around the cable affected its temperature and, as a result, its ability to transport electricity. The experimentation in the lab and real measurements of the temperature values at various locations in the casing pipe constitute the article's uniqueness. The article presents an innovative concept of a laboratory stand, designed to measure the dissipation of heat emitted by a cable in separated casing pipes with the content of various filling materials. The assessment of heat removal is made based on the recorded distribution of temperatures in individual casing pipes. The experimental setup was suitably compatible with the assumptions used for the research, according to the early findings of comparison investigations. It has been demonstrated for the instance under investigation that using the right fillers around the cable may reduce cable temperature, boost the cable's current carrying capability, and provide more efficient heat dissipation.
The Latest Advances in Wireless Communication in Aviation, Wind Turbines and Bridges
- Romana Śliwa
- Paweł Dymora
- Mirosław Mazurek
- Bartosz Kowal
- Michał Jurek
- Damian Kordos
- Tomasz Rogalski
- Pawel Flaszynski
- Piotr Doerffer
- Krzysztof Doerffer
- Stephen Grigg
- Runar Unnthorsson
2022 Pełny tekst Inventions
Present-day technologies used in SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) systems in many implementations are based on wireless sensor networks (WSN). In the context of the continuous development of these systems, the costs of the elements that form the monitoring system are decreasing. In this situation, the challenge is to select the optimal number of sensors and the network architecture, depending on the wireless system’s other parameters and requirements. It is a challenging task for WSN to provide scalability to cover a large area, fault tolerance, transmission reliability, and energy efficiency when no events are detected. In this article, fundamental issues concerning wireless communication in structural health monitoring systems (SHM) in the context of non-destructive testing sensors (NDT) were presented. Wireless technology developments in several crucial areas were also presented, and these include engineering facilities such as aviation and wind turbine systems as well as bridges and associated engineering facilities.
The Linear Array 2x1 of Slot Monopoles for 6-8.5 GHZ UWB Standard
- Tomasz Leliwa
- Włodzimierz Zieniutycz
2022
The results of numerical simulations and measurements of 2x1 linear array of slot monopoles are presented in the paper. At the begining a single slot monopole was designed. Next the 2x1 linear array of these monopoles was numerically tested for various configurations of the feeding network. The single monopole and the array were fabricated and the results of the measurements of the reflection coefficients and the radiationpatterns were compared to the results of the simulations.
The literature review on boundary conditions of use for non-residential buildings
- Natalia Sokół
- Julia Kurek
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
- Claudia Naves David Amorim
- Natalia Giraldo Vasquez
- Julia Resende Kanno
- Sergio Sibilio
- Barbara Matusiak
2022
This paper describes the results of qualitative and quantitative literature reviews on boundary conditions within educational buildings, emphasising the users' perspective. The reviews were performed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using Scopus, Taylor& Francis, Web of Science databases. The boundary conditions understood as special characteristics for use and or precondition, determining specific features of buildings are investigated in the categories of energy, space use and user behaviour, and lighting. The reviews demonstrate that in the case of study investigations, a relation between different indicators helps define the boundary conditions. B/C are type of building/ user/ situation-pandemic / locations/ simulation inputs-values and methods- specific. The results of the papers published during the ongoing pandemic indicate that the perception of an indoor environment is changing along with its boundary conditions. This has consequences on the design, maintenance, and operation routines of educational buildings to limit the risk of transmission and contagion from airborne respiratory viruses.
The literature review on boundary conditions of use for non-residential buildings. Educational buildings.
- Natalia Sokół
- Julia Kurek
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
- Claudia Naves David Amorim
- Natalia Giraldo Vasquez
- Julia Kanno
- Sergio Sibilio
- Barbara Matusiak
2022
This paper describes the results of qualitative and quantitative literature reviews on boundary conditions within educational buildings, emphasising the users' perspective. The studies were performed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using Scopus, Taylor& Francis, and Web of Science databases. The boundary conditions are understood as special characteristics for use and or precondition, determining specific features of buildings are investigated in energy, space use and user behaviour, and lighting. The reviews demonstrate that in the case of study investigations, a relation between different indicators helps define the boundary conditions. B/C are building/ user/ situation-pandemic / locations/ simulation inputs-values and methods-specific. The results of the papers published during the ongoing pandemic indicate that the perception of an indoor environment is changing along with its boundary conditions. This has consequences on educational buildings' design, maintenance, and operation routines to limit the risk of transmission and contagion from airborne respiratory viruses.
The Mechanism of a Retro-Diels–Alder Fragmentation of Luteolin: Theoretical Studies Supported by Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry Results
- Magdalena Śliwka-Kaszyńska
- Iwona Anusiewicz
- Piotr Skurski
2022 Pełny tekst MOLECULES
The mechanisms of retro-Diels–Alder fragmentation of luteolin are studied theoretically using the Density Functional Theory method (B3LYP hybrid functional) together with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and supported by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) results. The reaction paths leading to the formation of 1,3A and 1,3B fragment ions observed as the main spectral features in the ESI-MS spectrum are described and discussed, including the structures of the transition states and intermediate products. The heights of the activation energy barriers which have to be overcome along the reaction paths corresponding to 1,3-retrocyclization cleavage of the ionized luteolin are predicted to span the 69–94 kcal/mol range (depending on the initial isomeric structure) for the concerted retrocyclization mechanism and the 60–89 kcal/mol (first barrier) and 24–52 kcal/mol (second barrier) barriers for the stepwise mechanism (also depending on the initial isomeric structure). It is also demonstrated that the final fragmentation products (1,3A and 1,3B) are in fact represented by various isomeric systems which are not experimentally distinguishable. In addition, the absence of the spectral feature corresponding to the [M-B] fragment ion formed by the rupture of the C-C bond connecting luteolin’s B and C rings (which does not occur during the ESI-MS experiment) is explained by much larger energy barriers predicted for such a process.
The methodology of design of satellite working mechanism of positive displacement machine
- Paweł Śliwiński
2022 Pełny tekst Scientific Reports
In this paper is described a methodology of design of satellite mechanism consisting of two noncircular gears (externally toothed rotor and internally toothed curvature) and circular gears (satellites). In the presented methodology is assumed that the rotor pitch line is known, and the curvature pitch line is necessary to designate. The presented methodology applies to mechanisms for which the number of the curvature humps is at least one greater than the number of rotor humps. The selection of the number of gears and the number of teeth in gear and rotor and curvature is also presented. The methodology of calculating the position of the satellite center and the angle of its rotation in order to shape the teeth on the rotor and curvature is presented. The article is also showed different types of satellite mechanisms—satellite mechanisms with the different numbers of humps on the rotor and curvature. The technical parameters of the mechanism for the rotor pitch line described by the cosine function are also presented.
The Motion Analysis of Attacus Atlas Rigid Wing
- Zuzanna Kunicka-kowalska
- Michał Landowski
- Krzysztof Sibilski
2022 Pełny tekst International Review of Aerospace Engineering (IREASE)
The remarkable aerodynamic efficiency of flapping insect wings has fascinated researchers for many years. Butterfly wings are distinguished by a much larger lifting surface, and thus, a different style of flapping flight. The considerations described in the article are an introduction to a fully flexible analysis of the wing in motion. The study of the rigid wing gives the basic knowledge necessary in the further process. The yaw, pitch and roll angles obtained from the footage have been used to analyze the rigid wing. The data has been adapted to CFD calculations in Ansys Fluent software along with the geometry of the joined wings (one surface on one side). The wing deformations have not been taken into account during the analysis. The obtained results make it possible to specify clearly the aerodynamic forces in three directions and the pressure distributions on the wing surface. For a rigid wing, there is positive drag and negative lift. The negative lift indicates the exceptional importance of wing deformation, which is the only guarantee of the insect's ability to fly. On the other hand, a positive drag is evidence of the influence of the shape of the bearing surface on the flow aerodynamics