Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Repozytorium publikacji
Politechniki Gdańskiej

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  • Optymalizacja izolatora przepustowego średniego napięcia do zastosowań technologicznych
    • Paweł Pankowski
    • Marek Olesz
    2024 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    W publikacji podjęto się rozpoznania przyczyn uszkodzeń izolatora przepustowego średniego napięcia (SN) stosowanego w procesie technologicznym oczyszczania ropy naftowej. Z uwagi na skomplikowany model izolatora wykonano obliczenia symulacyjne w układzie 2D na podstawie których wyznaczono charakterystyki natężenia pola elektrycznego. W obszarach wtrącin powietrznych lub nieprawidłowo dobranej izolacji promieniowej wartości natężenia pola silnie wzrastają powodując wyładowania niezupełne przyspieszające starzenie układu izolacyjnego.

  • Organic pollutants photodegradation increment with use of TiO2 nanotubes decorated with transition metals after pulsed laser treatment
    • Zuzanna Bielan
    • Adam Kubiak
    • Jakub Karczewski
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Karol Załęski
    • Emerson Coy
    • Piotr Krawczyk
    • Katarzyna Siuzdak
    2024 MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING

    Among various titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2, titania) structures, 1D nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) produced during the two-electrode anodization process, are extensively utilized in sensors or supercapacitors as well as in photo(electro)catalytic water splitting. However, due to wide bandgap and fast electron-hole recombination additional modifications, mostly concerned on materials surface, are required. According to the recent research, TiO2 NTs photo(electro)catalytic characteristic were markedly improved by the combination of surface decoration with transition metal nanoparticles further treated with the laser beam. Nevertheless, until recently, the photocatalytic ability of laser-treated TiO2 NTs for recalcitrant chemicals degradation were hardly described. In this regard, our work focuses on obtaining long, about 7.3 μm TiO2 NTs (L-TiO2 NTs), together with their photoactivity and physicochemical characteristics, as well as their alterations following surface modification utilizing transition metals (tungsten, chromium and nickel) together with laser treatment. Obtained L-TiO2 NTs are characterized by over 13.5 times larger BET surface area in comparison to reference spaced TiO2 NTs with approximately 2 μm length (0.61 m2 g−1 and 0.05 m2 g−1, respectively). This allowed for increasing of the materials photocatalytic activity in both UV–vis and vis light. Additionally, phenol photodegradation reached up to 34% (0.21·10−2 min−1) for tungsten-modified titania after laser annealing at 20 mJ cm2 fluence. The reaction mechanism research revealed that reduction of organic pollutants concentration was primarily caused by superoxide radical anions •O2−. Furthermore, obtained modified L-TiO2 NTs showed remarkable durability without losing their initial activity over ten photocatalytic cycles.

  • Organizational ethics and position relationship moderators among knowledge workers: a regional study of Poland
    • Jolanta Kowal
    • Anna Jasińska-Biliczak
    • Paweł Weichbroth
    2024 Information Technology for Development

    This research explores organizational ethics among knowledge workers using ICT4Ds in regional enterprises in Poland before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study addresses the importance of understanding how ethics in organizations, particularly ethical optimism, corporate social responsibility, and top management action, have evolved across these periods. This topic is crucial as organizational ethics influence employee behavior and decision-making, particularly during crises. The research question focuses on how organizational ethics, influenced by gender and the pandemic, differ by position. Online surveys and random sampling were employed to collect data among knowledge workers (139 before, 134 during, and 98 after the pandemic). The study applied multivariate statistical methods, including variance analysis and causal moderation. Findings were that superiors rated organizational ethics higher than subordinates, and ethical optimism fluctuated, rising during the pandemic and dropping afterward. The study contributes to understanding the role of gender and crises as moderators in organizational ethics, benefiting managers and policymakers.

  • Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism
    • Małgorzata Rozkwitalska-Welenc
    • Jacek Borzyszkowski,
    • Beata Basińska
    • Fevzi Okumus
    • Osman M. Karatepe
    2024

    Although ‘VUCA’ is not a new term, the features of the world it describes, a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment, have never been more valid. The VUCA world has become the new reality for business, specifically for hospitality and tourism organizations that are more vulnerable than any other sector due to the historically-recognized turbulent environment in which they operate. In this book, the authors present unique factors that make hospitality and tourism organizations resilient in the VUCA world. With contacts at the center of their hospitality and tourism organizational resilience model, the organizational and psychological perspectives are also incorporated. This innovative volume tests the model of organizational resilience in hospitality and tourism organizations. The study identifies and validates organizational and individual factors that create a resilient organization in the hospitality and tourism sector. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, practitioners, and advanced students in the fields of organizational studies, strategic management, hospitality, and tourism management.

  • Orientation effects on the fracture behaviour of additively manufactured stainless steel 316L subjected to high cyclic fatigue
    • Mateusz Kopec
    • Gunputh Urvashi
    • Wojciech Macek
    • Zbigniew Kowalewski
    • Paul Wood
    2024 THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS

    In this paper, stainless steel 316L (SS316L) bars were additively manufactured (AM) in three orientations (Z – vertical, XY – horizontal, ZX45 – midway between vertical and horizontal) by using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Melting (LPBF-M) method. The AM specimens were subjected to load control fatigue testing under full tension and compression (R = -1) at stress amplitudes ±350, ±400 and ±450 MPa. The XY and ZX45 printing orientations were found to significantly improve service life. Although similar strain response was found for each orientation when the same stress amplitude was applied, slightly different fracture mechanisms were identified during the post-mortem surface observations.

  • OrphaGPT: An Adapted Large Language Model for Orphan Diseases Classification
    • Kushal Pokhrel
    • Cesar Sanin
    • Md Rafiqul Islam
    • Edward Szczerbicki
    2024

    Orphan diseases (OD) represent a category of rare conditions that affect only a relatively small number of individuals. These conditions are often neglected in research due to the challenges posed by their scarcity, making medical advancements difficult. Then, the ever-evolving medical research and diagnosis landscape calls for more attention and innovative approaches to address the complex challenges of rare diseases and OD. Pre-trained LLMs are a crucial component of contemporary artificial intelligence (AI), contributing to significant advancements in the performance of complex AI tasks. In this research, we aim to introduce a novel model that leverages the capabilities of a fine-tuned GPT-3.5 Turbo model with reasonable accuracy. We design a comprehensive, customized user interface named OrphaGPT, an interactive GPT chat that allows users to engage in deeper conversations about ODs. Our model achieves an 80% accuracy rate, attained through an exploration of Natural Language Processing (NLP), and domain-specific fine-tuning and fine-prompting. Our findings provide valuable insights into the new perspectives of prompting as a way of fine-tuning LLMs while customizing them to specialised domains. This showcases the potential for adaptive generative AI to play a pivotal role in the specific field of OD. The implications of this research extend to medical practitioners, researchers, and the OD community, offering new interactive ways to understand, identify, and diagnose such complex diseases through the customized advanced language model. The successful customization of LLMs into specific fields signifies an advancement of AI, contextualising dialogues and presenting implications for future advances.

  • „Osiem kobiet”, ogólnopolska wystawa malarstwa, grafiki i rzeźby, Muzeum Śremskie.
    • Dominika Krechowicz
    2024

    „Osiem kobiet”, ogólnopolska wystawa malarstwa, grafiki i rzeźby, Muzeum Śremskie. W wystawie biorą udział: Dominika Krechowicz, Jowita Mormul, Paulina Komorowska-Birger, Monika Korona, Joanna Trzcińska, Katarzyna Słuchocka, Joanna Stefańska, Natalia Wegner. Kuratorstwo wystawy: Katarzyna Słuchocka, Joanna Stefańska, Instytut Architektury Wnętrz i Wzornictwa Przemysłowego, Wydział Architektury Politechniki Poznańskiej

  • Overcoming Phobias: Harnessing the Power of Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy
    • Agnieszka Popławska
    • Jacek Lebiedź
    • Przemysław Bąbel
    2024

    The goal of the chapter was to review the different therapeutic techniques used in the treatment of various forms of phobias, with particular emphasis on virtual reality treatment. We define different types of phobias, including social ones. We also describe treatment techniques – adopted from behavioral therapy – which have been developed to aid the treatment of phobias. Particular emphasis has been placed on the flooding, implosive therapy and systematic desensitization. We review the results of virtual reality treatment, which show that one of the most effective and most emotionally engaging techniques is that known as Cave Automatic Virtual Environment CAVE – literally a room which one enters and is automatically completely immersed in a virtual reality. In this context, a description of the possibilities on offer at the Immersive 3D Visualization Lab built on the premise of Gdańsk University of Technology, is a substantial and significant part of the chapter. The laboratory, which, unlike any other such laboratory in the world, features a spherical walk simulator, offers people the possibility to move around the CAVE while they are completely immersed in 3D virtual reality. We also present a few applications which make use of virtual reality and have been developed to serve as therapeutic tools in the treatment of phobias. Thus, our chapter combines a narrative review of the literature with a detailed description and discussion of the technical and practical issues in applying CAVE in the treatment of phobias.

  • Own or public? Later livelihoods of Ukrainian war migrant households in Poland
    • Katarzyna Kochaniak
    • Anna M. Korzeniowska
    • Michał Pietrzak
    2024 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

    This paper presents empirical research on the livelihood resources of Ukrainian households that fled to Poland due to the Russian invasion and reside there long term. Using a nationwide sample of these households and an accurate econometric framework, we investigate the factors influencing the role of income from work, other private resources and public assistance in covering their living costs in exile. Our findings confirm the importance of public assistance addressed to professional activation and childcare for households' self-reliance. Assistance from employers, housing conditions, intentions to settle permanently in Poland and financial responsibility for relatives in Ukraine are also among the decisive factors. However, sufficient monetary aid hinders households' self-reliance, along with health problems, language barriers and a lack of professional qualifications. Household composition is also significant, as those with children face the most adverse outcomes. Based on our results, we provide recommendations for public authorities responsible for migration policy.

  • Oxolane Ammonium Salts (Muscarine-Like)—Synthesis and Microbiological Activity
    • Patrycja Bogdanowicz
    • Janusz Madaj
    • Piotr Szweda
    • Artur Sikorski
    • Justyna Samaszko-Fiertek
    • Barbara Dmochowska
    2024 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

    Commercially available 2-deoxy-D-ribose was used to synthesize the appropriate oxolane derivative—(2R,3S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-ol—by reduction and dehydration/cyclization in an acidic aqueous solution. Its monotosyl derivative, as a result of the quaternization reaction, allowed us to obtain eight new muscarine-type derivatives containing a quaternary nitrogen atom and a hydroxyl group linked to the oxolane ring. Their structure was fully confirmed by the results of NMR, MS and IR analyses. The crystal structure of the pyridinium derivative showed a high similarity of the conformation of the oxolane ring to previously published crystal structures of muscarine. Two reference strains of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), two reference strains of Gram-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213) and four reference strains of pathogenic yeasts of the genus Candida spp. (Candida albicans SC5314, Candida glabrata DSM 11226, Candida krusei DSM 6128 and Candida parapsilosis DSM 5784) were selected for the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of the synthesized compounds. The derivative containing the longest (decyl) chain attached to the quaternary nitrogen atom turned out to be the most active.

  • Oxygen concentration regulated the efficient liquefaction of vulcanized natural rubber
    • Teng Ren
    • Xinyan Yue
    • Xiaorong He
    • Krzysztof Formela
    • Shifeng Wang
    2024 POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY

    Oxidative liquefaction represents a promising avenue for the homogeneous and high-value utilization of waste tire rubber. Given that truck tires predominantly comprise natural rubber (NR), this study investigated the efficient liquefaction of vulcanized NR regulated by oxygen concentration. Remarkably, the liquefaction of vulcanized NR was realized with an oxygen concentration of 75 % at 200 °C within 3 min. FTIR spectroscopy showed that carbonyl, ether and sulphoxide groups were produced during the liquification of NR vulcanizates. Oxygen concentration significantly affected the oxidative efficiency of both the main chains and crosslinks, with a more pronounced effect observed on the main chains. Nevertheless, the similar molecular weights and polydispersity indices across various degraded products suggested a selective oxidative cleavage of the NR backbone. Furthermore, online ATR-FTIR was used to monitor the dynamic changes of NR's molecular structure to elucidate the oxidative degradation mechanism. The oxidative cleavage of NR main chain primarily occurred at the C-C bonds connected with allyl groups, producing oxidized products enriched with conjugated carbonyl groups. Alternatively, the main chain scission may also occur due to the electronic rearrangement effect of the C=C bond and produce saturated carbonyl groups. Oxygen concentration modulated the degradation efficiency of vulcanized NR, which provided an efficient strategy for the upcycling of NR-based waste tires.

  • Oxylipin profiling for clinical research: Current status and future perspectives
    • Karol Parchem
    • Sophia Letsiou
    • Toni Petan
    • Olga Oskolkova
    • Isabel Medina
    • Ondrej Kuda
    • Valerie B. O'Donnell
    • Anna Nicolaou
    • Maria Fedorova
    • Valery Bochkov
    • Cécile Gladine
    2024 Pełny tekst PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH

    Oxylipins are potent lipid mediators with increasing interest in clinical research. They are usually measured in systemic circulation and can provide a wealth of information regarding key biological processes such as inflammation, vascular tone, or blood coagulation. Although procedures still require harmonization to generate comparable oxylipin datasets, performing comprehensive profiling of circulating oxylipins in large studies is feasible and no longer restricted by technical barriers. However, it is essential to improve and facilitate the biological interpretation of complex oxylipin profiles to truly leverage their potential in clinical research. This requires regular updating of our knowledge about the metabolism and the mode of action of oxylipins, and consideration of all factors that may influence circulating oxylipin profiles independently of the studied disease or condition. This review aims to provide the readers with updated and necessary information regarding oxylipin metabolism, their different forms in systemic circulation, the current limitations in deducing oxylipin cellular effects from in vitro bioactivity studies, the biological and technical confounding factors needed to consider for a proper interpretation of oxylipin profiles.

  • Ozone nanobubble technology as a novel AOPs for pollutants degradation under high salinity conditions
    • Priya Koundle
    • Neelkanth Nirmalkar
    • Malwina Momotko
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2024 WATER RESEARCH

    Conventional water treatment systems frequently exhibit diminished efficiency at high salinity - a significant issue especially for real industrial effluents - mostly due to the creation of intricate structures between pollutants and salts. One of the primary obstacles associated with high salinity conditions is the generation of by-products that pose additional hurdles for treatment. In this work, we have investigated the novel advanced oxidation process a so-called ozone nanobubble technology for degradation of the pollutants at high salinity conditions. The mass transfer is often the rate-limiting step in gas-liquid process and the poor rate of mass transfer diminishes the overall efficacy. One of the primary disadvantages associated with ozone is its restricted solubility and instability when dissolved in an aqueous solution. These characteristics impose limitations on its potential applications and need the use of specialized systems to facilitate gas-liquid interaction. In this work, we have also suggested enhancing the ozonation process through the utilization of ozone nanobubbles. The findings of our experiment and subsequent analysis indicate that the presence of nanobubbles enhances the process of ozonation through three key mechanisms: (i) an increased mass transfer coefficient, (ii) a higher rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation attributed to the charged interface, and (iii) the nanobubble interface serving as an active surface for chemical reactions. The predicted mass transfer coefficients were found to range from 3 to 3.5 min−1, a value that is notably greater than that seen for microbubbles. The study showcased the degradation of methylene blue dye through the utilization of ozone nanobubbles, which exhibited a much higher rate of dye degradation compared to ozone microbubbles. The confirmation of the radical degradation mechanism was achieved by the utilization of electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. The developed process has high potential for application in industrial scale textile wastewater treatment.

  • Packing Incubation and Addition of Rot Fungi Extracts Improve BTEX Elimination from Air in Biotrickling Filters
    • Piotr Rybarczyk
    • Krzysztof Cichon
    • Karolina Kucharska
    • Dominik Dobrzyniewski
    • Bartosz Szulczyński
    • Jacek Gębicki
    2024 MOLECULES

    The removal of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) from air was investigated in two similar biotrickling filters (BTFs) packed with polyurethane (PU) foam, differing in terms of inoculation procedure (BTF A was packed with pre-incubated PU discs, and BTF B was inoculated via the continuous recirculation of a liquid inoculum). The effects of white rot fungi enzyme extract addition and system responses to variable VOC loading, liquid trickling patterns, and pH were studied. Positive effects of both packing incubation and enzyme addition on biotrickling filtration performance were identified. BFF A exhibited a shorter start-up period (approximately 20 days) and lower pressure drop (75 ± 6 mm H2O) than BTF B (30 days; 86 ± 5 mm H2O), indicating the superior effects of packing incubation over inoculum circulation during the biotrickling filter start-up. The novel approach of using white rot fungi extracts resulted in fast system recovery and enhanced process performance after the BTF acidification episode. Average BTEX elimination capacities of 28.8 ± 0.4 g/(m3 h) and 23.1 ± 0.4 g/(m3 h) were reached for BTF A and BTF B, respectively. This study presents new strategies for controlling and improving the abatement of BTEX in biotrickling filters.

  • Paid work activity and entrepreneurial cognitions of students – evidence from European emerging economies
    • Liubov Halkiv
    • Paweł Ziemiański
    2024 Pełny tekst Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

    Purpose – This paper aims to investigate whether paid work activity (PWA) experience of students from five emerging economies is related to academic results and self-assessment of possessed entrepreneurial traits. Additionally, the authors verify the relationship between obtaining work experience and the willingness to start own business among students. Design/methodology/approach – Participants included 3,631 students of the first level of higher education at six universities in five countries (Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine). A survey questionnaire was used which included questions on the previous work experience, paid work during university studies, the assessment of competencies related to entrepreneurship and the assessment of the desirability of entrepreneurship as a career choice. Findings – Findings indicate that students who engaged in PWA before studies are more likely to do it during studies.PWAduring studies is related to perceiving oneself as a worse-performing student, but also to the perception of oneself as an entrepreneurial person. No such relationship was found for the PWA experience before entering the university. Itwas also found that students are likely to start their businesses after obtaining work experience. Practical implications – Practical implications pertain to the role of the contemporary academic institutions that should consider their approach to enabling students’ PWA and teaching them how to engage in it for the benefit of their own and the societies to which they belong. It is argued that it may be particularly essential in emerging economies. Originality/value – The correlates of PWA of students have been underexplored. This paper allows broadening the current understanding of this phenomenon. The authors investigated its relationship with feeling entrepreneurial and academic achievements among young people from five emerging economies, which provides valuable insights for policymakers and educational institutions. It is argued that such insights may be particularly essential in emerging economies. Additionally, the authors contribute to advancing two theories that have not been extensively used in the entrepreneurial context: expectancy theory and social learning theory of career development.

  • Palindromic carbazole derivatives: unveiling their antiproliferative effect via topoisomerase II catalytic inhibition and apoptosis induction
    • Mateusz Olszewski
    • Natalia Maciejewska
    • Anoop Kallingal
    • Agnieszka Chylewska
    • Aleksandra Dąbrowska
    • Małgorzata Biedulska
    • Mariusz Makowski
    • José M. Padrón
    • Maciej Bagiński
    2024 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

    Human DNA topoisomerases are essential for crucial cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, chromatin condensation, and maintenance of its structure. One of the significant strategies employed in cancer treatment involves the inhibition of a specific type of topoisomerase, known as topoisomerase II (Topo II). Carbazole derivatives, recognised for their varied biological activities, have recently become a significant focus in oncological research. This study assesses the efficacy of three symmetrically substituted carbazole derivatives: 2,7-Di(2-furyl)-9H-carbazole (27a), 3,6-Di(2-furyl)-9H-carbazole (36a), and 3,6-Di(2-thienyl)-9H-carbazole (36b) – as anticancer agents. Among investigated carbazole derivatives, compound 3,6-di(2-furyl)-9H-carbazole bearing two furan moieties emerged as a novel catalytic inhibitor of Topo II. Notably, 3,6-di(2-furyl)-9H-carbazole effectively selectively inhibited the relaxation and decatenation activities of Topo IIα, with minimal effects on the IIβ isoform. These findings underscore the potential of compound 3,6-Di(2-furyl)-9H-carbazole as a promising lead candidate warranting further investigation in the realm of anticancer drug development.

  • PARAMETERS OF BUILDING GEOMETRY THAT AFFECT WIND FLOW WITH REGARDS TO THE POSSIBILITIES FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN URBAN AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN IN POLAND
    • Mariya-Veronika Mochulska
    • Katarzyna Zielonko-Jung
    2024 Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

    In recent years, there has been a surge in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) research into how urban morphology affects ventilation in cities. However, studies are scattered, with varying parameter definitions, limiting their application in architectural and urban design. This article aims to review and assess the relevance of geometric parameters studied in aerodynamics field to urban planning and architectural design in polish conditions. By reviewing previous publications on morphological parameters in wind studies, it evaluates their recognition and potential for their implementation in urban and architectural design in Polish conditions. Comparisons are made between these parameters and those commonly used in architectural and urban theory and practices in Poland. Results reveal minimal convergence, incorporating other para- meters requires interdisciplinary research and significant planning procedure changes. This highlights the need for detailed interdisciplinary research and substantial planning changes to fully integrate CFD results into architectural and urban design practice in Poland.

  • Partially Isolated Multi-Active Bridge DC-DC Converter with Bidirectional EV Charging Ports
    • Mykola Lukianov
    • Enrique Romero Cadaval
    • Gabriele Arena
    • Ryszard Strzelecki
    2024

    There is a growing interest in multiport converters due to their ability to interconnect various energy sources and loads using reduced number of components. Regarding electric vehicle (EV) chargers connection, existing multiport solutions either lack scalability, featuring only one isolated charging port or the operation of ports depend on each other, complicating the converter control algorithm. This article proposes a partially isolated multi-active bridge (MAB) converter capable of connecting battery energy storage (BES) and an arbitrary number of EV chargers to the DC grid, aiming to resolve abovementioned problems. The proposed MAB converter requires 6N switches, whereas the conventional solution with independent 3-phase interleaved buck-boost and N DAB converters needs 8N+6 switches to connect BES and N EVs to the DC grid (N - odd number of EV charging ports). Simulation results have proven the ability of the converter ports to work independently in bidirectional operation modes for different BES and EV power levels.

  • Partycypacja obywateli w planowaniu przestrzennym? U nas nie działa. Jak to zmienić?
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2024 Tygodnik Spraw Obywatelskich

    Polityka przestrzenna, kształtowanie przestrzeni, w której żyjemy i działamy są świetnym przykładem sfery, w której demokratyzacja procesu podejmowania decyzji powinna się zmaterializować tak szybko jak to możliwe. Obecnie system planowania przestrzennego w Polsce nie zapewnia obywatelkom i obywatelom, organizacjom społecznym i wielu innym interesariuszom dostępu do kształtowania przestrzeni w stopniu zadawalającym. Jest to system zaprojektowany w taki sposób, aby pozbawić obywatelki i obywateli realnego wpływu na kształt przestrzeni, w jakiej żyją i działają. W artykule analizuje się krytycznie narzędzia wpływu rozmaitych grup interesaiuszy na zawartość dokumentów planstycznych. Przedstawia się także możliwości, jakie ten system daje obywatelom i obywatelkom, grupom i organizacjom społecznym, aby w nieco większym stopniu mogły wpływać na decyzje przestrzenne.

  • Path integrals formulations leading to propagator evaluation for coupled linear physics in large geometric models
    • L. Penazzi
    • S. Blanco
    • C. Caliot
    • C. Coustet
    • M. El Hafi
    • R. Fournier
    • J. Gautrais
    • Anna Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk
    • M. Sans
    2024 COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS

    Reformulating linear physics using second kind Fredholm equations is very standard practice. One of the straightforward consequences is that the resulting integrals can be expanded (when the Neumann expansion converges) and probabilized, leading to path statistics and Monte Carlo estimations. An essential feature of these algorithms is that they also allow to estimate propagators for all types of sources, including initial conditions. The resulting practice is a single Monte Carlo run, for one given set of sources, producing propagators that can later be used with any other set of sources for fast simulations, typically as parts of optimization, inversion, sensitivity analysis and command control algorithms. The present paper illustrates how this practice can be extended to problems involving several interacting physics, provided that their coupling is only at the boundary of the system or at interfaces between sub-parts, and may itself be given the form of a second kind Fredholm equation. A full practical implementation is described as part of the Stardis code, with the example of transfering heat via the coupling of radiation, reaction-diusion and convection as typically expected in the multidisciplinary context of urban climate modeling. Besides, we show how recent advances in computer graphics indicate that these algorithms can be made numerically extremely ecient when facing large CAD geometries: computing the propagator becomes strictly independent of the geometry refinement, i.e. is identical whatever the number of triangles and tetraedra used to numerize the surface and volume descriptions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of propagator computations that remains practical for coupled physics in large CAD geometries.

  • Pendant Proton-Relays Systematically Tune the Rate and Selectivity of Electrocatalytic Ammonia Generation in a Fe-Porphyrin Based Metal-Organic Framework
    • Arnab Ghatak
    • Shiva Shanker Golla
    • Subrahmanyam Sappati
    • Liberman Itamar
    • Ran Shimoni
    • Idan Hod
    2024 ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

    Electrocatalytic nitrite reduction (eNO2RR) is a promising alternative route to produce ammonia (NH3). Until now, several molecular catalysts have shown capability to homogeneously reduce nitrite to NH3, while taking advantage of added secondary-sphere functionalities to direct catalytic performance. Yet, realizing such control over heterogeneous electrocatalytic surfaces remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate that heterogenization of a Fe-porphyrin molecular catalyst within a 2D Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), allows efficient eNO2RR to NH3. On top of that, installation of pendant proton relaying moieties proximal to the catalytic site, resulted in significant improvement in catalytic activity and selectivity. Notably, systematic manipulation of NH3 faradaic efficiency (up to 90%) and partial current (5-fold increase) was achieved by varying the proton relay-to-catalyst molar ratio. Electrochemical and spectroscopic analysis show that the proton relays simultaneously aid in generating and stabilizing of reactive Fe-bound NO intermediate. Thus, this concept offers new molecular tools to tune heterogeneous electrocatalytic systems.

  • People’s Influence on Indoor Body Area Networks Channel Characteristics
    • Sławomir Ambroziak
    • Filipe D. Cardoso
    • Manuel M. Ferreira
    • Mariella Särestöniemi
    • Luis M. Correia
    2024 IEEE Access

    The influence of people’s presence on wideband off-body channel characteristics is presented in this paper. This research is significant for the development of Body Area Networks, as a promising solution for 5G and 6G networks, namely as an emerging technology expected to revolutionize mobile healthcare via real-time monitoring and analysis of medical data. The analysis is based on power delay profile measurements performed in an indoor office environment at 5.8 GHz (with a 500 MHz bandwidth), in which a single user walks along the room’s axis, for both the empty room and for six additional people inside it, which where static (i.e., preserving fixed posture and position), moving (i.e., changing postures at fixed positions) and walking (i.e., walking across the room). Models for the average system loss and the average delay spread are proposed, both for Line-of-Sight and Non-Line-of-Sight. The system loss exponent for Line-of-Sight is 0.8 and 1.8 for vertical and horizontal polarizations (of the transmitting antenna), respectively, while for Non-Line-of-Sight it is 1.2, regardless of polarization direction. The delay spread in the Line-of-Sight case is higher for the vertical polarization, being even higher when Non-Line-of-Sight is considered, regardless of polarization, reaching 12.2 ns. A strong correlation between delay spread and system loss is observed for Line-of-Sight. The general conclusion is that, for the investigated environment and scenarios, transmitting antenna’s polarization has a very significant impact on radio channel characteristics, including the polarization of the receiving antenna and the presence of other people in the room, which are less importance.

  • Peptide-Based Rapid and Selective Detection of Mercury in Aqueous Samples with Micro-Volume Glass Capillary Fluorometer
    • Marta Sosnowska
    • Emil Pitula
    • Monika Janik
    • Piotr Bruździak
    • Mateusz Śmietana
    • Marcin Olszewski
    • Dawid Nidzworski
    • Beata Gromadzka
    2024 Pełny tekst Biosensors-Basel

    Mercury, a toxic heavy metal produced through both natural and anthropogenic processes, is found in all of Earth’s major systems. Mercury’s bioaccumulation characteristics in the human body have a significant impact on the liver, kidneys, brain, and muscles. In order to detect Hg2+ ions, a highly sensitive and specific fluorescent biosensor has been developed using a novel, modified seven amino acid peptide, FY7. The tyrosine ring in the FY7 peptide sequence forms a 2:1 complex with Hg2+ ions that are present in the water-based sample. As a result, the peptide’s fluorescence emission decreases with higher concentrations of Hg2+. The FY7 peptide’s performance was tested in the presence of Hg2+ ions and other metal ions, revealing its sensitivity and stability despite high concentrations. Conformational changes to the FY7 structure were confirmed by FTIR studies. Simultaneously, we designed a miniaturized setup to support an in-house-developed micro-volume capillary container for volume fluorometry measurements. We compared and verified the results from the micro-volume system with those from the commercial setup. The micro-volume capillary system accommodated only 2.9 µL of sample volume, allowing for rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of toxic mercury (II) ions as low as 0.02 µM.

  • Perfluorooctanoic acid induces transgenerational modifications in reproduction, metabolism, locomotor activity, and sleep behavior in Drosophila melanogaster and deleterious effects in human cancer cells
    • Sifang Liao
    • Chengxi Sun
    • Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
    • Wen Liu
    • Shiyao Yi
    • Dalia Browne-Johnson
    • Filippa Eklund
    • Ying Zhang
    • Błażej Kudłak
    • Michael Williams
    • Helgi B. Schiöth
    2024 Pełny tekst SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

    Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been widely documented to affect various aspects of health, including development, metabolism and neuronal function in a variety of organisms. Despite numerous reports detailing these effects, a comprehensive mechanistic model remains elusive, especially with regard to the long-term effects of PFOA, as it bioaccumulates in food chains with a long half-life. In this study, we evaluated the impact of PFOA on several critical physiological states of Drosophila melanogaster. Our findings indicate that PFOA exposure significantly decreases reproductive capacity and induces alterations in starvation resistance and feeding behavior in flies. Interestingly, PFOA exposure also caused changes in locomotor activity and sleep patterns compared with flies receiving a standard diet. Notably, compared with controls, the F2 generation showed increased locomotion and shorter sleep duration during the dark phase, even without direct exposure to PFOA, indicating possible transgenerational effects.

  • Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines running on gaseous fuels in dual-fuel mode
    • Nhanh Van Nguyen
    • Swarup Kumar Nayak
    • Huu Son Le
    • Jerzy Kowalski
    • Balakrishnan Deepanraj
    • Xuan Quang Duong
    • Thanh Hai Truong
    • Dung Viet Tran
    • Nam Dao Cao
    • Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen
    2024 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY

    Conventional fossil fuels are being substituted with alternative green fuels because of their greenhouse gas emissions and pollution problems, which pose a severe threat to the environment. Several studies have reported the usage of biodiesel and gaseous fuels in both single and dual-fuel modes. Gaseous fuels such as producer gas, biogas, syngas, and hydrogen produced from renewable biomass could potentially be used along with biodiesel in dual-fuel engines. Still, these are the least investigated in terms of their use as potential energy carriers. This review article encapsulates the viability as well as the impact of various gaseous fuels, including producer gas, biogas, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, syngas, and hydrogen, in dual-fuel mode diesel engines with the aim of evaluating the performance, emission, and combustion behavior at various induction as well as operational parameters. Considering emission behaviors of diesel engines fueled with producer gas, biogas, compressed natural gas, and hydrogen, it is found that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions increase in the range 17.5e31.4% and 11.73e23.6%, respectively. On the contrary, oxide of nitrogen and smoke opacity tend to reduce from14.3 to 18.2% and 21.4%36.5e63.7%, respectively. Moreover, there is a slight deterioration in performance characteristics for diesel engines fueled with producer gas, biogas, compressed natural gas, and hydrogen in the range of 2.1e8.84% for brake thermal efficiency, and 3.1e7.3% for brake-specific energy consumption. In addition, the combustion characteristics of gaseous fuels is also discussed in detail. Moreover, a SWOT analysis has been carried out with an emphasis on possibilities for usage of gaseous fuels in dual-fuel diesel engines. Finally, the limitations and perspectives of using gaseous fuels are also critically presented.

  • Performance and Energy Aware Training of a Deep Neural Network in a Multi-GPU Environment with Power Capping
    • Grzegorz Koszczał
    • Jan Dobrosolski
    • Mariusz Matuszek
    • Paweł Czarnul
    2024

    In this paper we demonstrate that it is possible to obtain considerable improvement of performance and energy aware metrics for training of deep neural networks using a modern parallel multi-GPU system, by enforcing selected, non-default power caps on the GPUs. We measure the power and energy consumption of the whole node using a professional, certified hardware power meter. For a high performance workstation with 8 GPUs, we were able to find non-default GPU power cap settings within the range of 160–200 W to improve the difference between percentage energy gain and performance loss by over 15.0%, EDP (Abbreviations and terms used are described in main text.) by over 17.3%, EDS with k = 1.5 by over 2.2%, EDS with k = 2.0 by over 7.5% and pure energy by over 25%, compared to the default power cap setting of 260 W per GPU. These findings demonstrate the potential of today’s CPU+GPU systems for configuration improvement in the context of performance-energy consumption metrics.

  • Performance Comparison of Automatically Generated Topologically Agnostic Patch Antennas
    • Adrian Bekasiewicz
    • Khadijeh Askaripour
    2024 Pełny tekst

    Real-world antenna design typically relies on empirical methods, where the development starts with structure synthesis followed by its iterative adjustments to achieve the desired performance. Although the outlined approach proved to be successful, it is also dependent on engineering experience. Alternatively, development can be performed automatically based on the specifications. In this work, an unsupervised design of topologically agnostic patch antennas is considered. The method involves a random generation of feasible topologies, followed by classification of the designs and their cost-efficient numerical optimization. The outlined framework has been used to determine two sets of geometrically distinct radiators dedicated to work for the frequency ranges of 5.3-5.9 GHz and 7-8 GHz, respectively. The generated antennas have been compared in terms of the electrical and radiation performances. The results indicate that the use of free-form topologies has a notable effect on the performance of antennas developed to operate in the given frequency spectrum.

  • Performance of low-power underwater modem for shallow water communications
    • Jan Schmidt
    • Iwona Kochańska
    • Aleksander Schmidt
    2024 Pełny tekst Vibrations in Physical Systems

    The low-power underwater acoustic modem is usually an important component of the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN). Network nodes have predetermined energy resources that will not be replenished during the life of the node. In shallow waters, multipath propagation is constantly occurring and for the modem to work effectively, solutions to overcome them must be used, which will also meet the important criterion of energy efficiency. The article presents the concept of a low-power underwater modem using Multiple Frequency-Shift Keying (MFSK) modulation and the fast frequency-hopping spread spectrum technique. In order to determine the performance of the modem, simulation tests were carried out using the Watermark simulator using the measured impulse responses of channels in shallow waters.

  • Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
    • Jan Schmidt
    • Iwona Kochańska
    • Aleksander Schmidt
    2024 Pełny tekst Archives of Acoustics

    The underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS data transmission tests in the simulation and experimental environment, using different types of pseudo-noise sequences: m-sequences and Kasami codes of the order 6 and 8. The transmitted signals are of different bandwidth and the detection at the receiver side was performed using two detection methods: non-differential and differential. The performed experiments allowed to draw important conclusions for the designing of a physical layer of the shallow-water UAC system. Both, m-sequences and Kasami codes allow to achieve a similar bit error rate, which at best was less than 10−3. At the same time, the 6th order sequences are not long enough to achieve an acceptable BER under strong multipath conditions. In the case of transmission of wideband signals the differential detection algorithm allows to achieve a significantly better BER (less than 10−2) than nondifferential one (BER not less than 10−1). In the case of narrowband signals the simulation tests have shown that the non-differential algorithm gives a better BER, but experimental tests under conditions of strong multipath propagation did not confirm it. The differential algorithm allowed to achieve a BER less than 10−2 in experimental tests, while the second algorithm allowed to obtain, at best, a BER less than 10−1. In addition, two indicators have been proposed for a rough assessment which of the detection algorithms under current propagation conditions in the channel will allow to obtain a better BER.

  • Performance of underwater data transmission using incoherent modulation MFSK in very shallow waters
    • Jan Schmidt
    • Aleksander Schmidt
    • Iwona Kochańska
    • Ryszard Studański
    • Andrzej Żak
    2024 Pełny tekst International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

    Ensuring universal and stable underwater communication in shallow waters for various environmental conditions is a difficult scientific and engineering task. In particular, this applies to underwater communication systems that use acoustic waves in very shallow underwater channels, where multipath propagation permanently occurs. The article provides assumptions for a system working with incoherent M-ary Frequency Shift Keying (MFSK) modulation along with guidelines for eliminating the impact of the multipath phenomenon. The results of experimental tests carried out in the lake for two seasons and, therefore, different sound speed profiles are presented. For comparison purposes, three transducers placed at different depths, including at the bottom of the reservoir, were used to receive the transmitted signals.

  • Periodic Solutions of Generalized Lagrangian Systems with Small Perturbations
    • Joanna Janczewska
    2024 Pełny tekst Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems

    In this paper we study the generalized Lagrangian system with a small perturbation. We assume the main term in the system to have a maximum, but do not suppose any condition for perturbation term. Then we prove the existence of a periodic solution via Ekeland’s principle. Moreover, we prove a convergence theorem for periodic solutions of perturbed systems.

  • Periodic solutions of Lagrangian systems under small perturbations
    • Marek Izydorek
    • Joanna Janczewska
    • Nils Waterstraat
    2024 COMMUNICATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY MATHEMATICS

    In this paper we prove the existence of mountain pass periodic solutions of a certain class of generalized Lagrangian systems under small perturbations. We show that the found periodic solutions converge to a periodic solution of the unperturbed system if the perturbation tends to 0. The proof requires to work in a rather unusual (mixed) Orlicz–Sobolev space setting, which bears several challenges.

  • Personal bankruptcy prediction using machine learning techniques
    • Magdalena Brygała
    • Tomasz Korol
    2024 Pełny tekst Economics and Business Review

    It has become crucial to have an early prediction model that provides accurate assurance for users about the financial situation of consumers. Recent studies have focused on predicting corporate bankruptcies and credit defaults, not personal bankruptcies. Due to this situation, the present study fills the literature gap by comparing different machine learning algorithms to predict personal bankruptcy. The main objective of the study is to examine the usefulness of machine learning models such as SVM, random forest, AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost in forecasting personal bankruptcy. The study relies on two samples of households (learning and testing) from the Survey of Consumer Finances, which was conducted in the United States. Among the models estimated, LightGBM, CatBoost, and XGBoost showed the highest effectiveness. The most important variables used in the models are income, refusal to grant credit, delays in the repayment of liabilities, the revolving debt ratio, and the housing debt ratio.

  • Perspectives of Fluctuation-Enhanced Gas Sensing by Two-Dimensional Materials
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Katarzyna Drozdowska
    2024 Pełny tekst FLUCTUATION AND NOISE LETTERS

    We present the results of gas sensing using the fluctuation-enhanced sensing method in selected two-dimensional materials (2DMs). We claim that gas sensing selectivity can be improved further by considering semiconducting two-dimensional materials doped by noble metal nanoparticles. The 2DMs' structures exhibit some imperfections defined by their structure, occurring repeatedly there. These imperfections are adsorption-desorption centers responsible for gas-sensing properties and generating flicker noise of various intensities. We consider how these imperfections can be modulated and utilized for fluctuations-enhanced gas sensing. We propose the decoration of 2DMs by noble metal nanoparticles that impact flicker noise. Additionally, we consider utilizing localized surface plasmonic resonance induced by irradiation at selected wavelengths.

  • Pharmaceuticals wastewater treatment via different advanced oxidation processes: Reaction mechanism, operational factors, toxicities, and cost evaluation – A review
    • Jibran Iqbal
    • Noor S. Shah
    • Javed Ali
    • Mu. Naushad
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    • Farrukh Jamil
    • Shamshad Khan
    • Long Li
    • Behzad Murtaza
    • Changseok Han
    2024 SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY

    Pharmaceuticals comprises different drugs used for treating different infections in human being and animals. The huge quantities of pharmaceuticals used are found to discharge into different water resources and cause different health and environmental problems. The continuous and large-scale discharge of pharmaceuticals increases their persistency which can consequently make them more toxic. The different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were found to effectively treat pharmaceuticals contaminated water. The AOPs showed high efficiency in the treatment of acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, metronidazole. ciprofloxacin. sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, amoxicillin, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, and tetracycline. The pharmaceuticals, amitrole, norfloxacin, atenolol, chloramphenicol, berberine, diclofenac, and sulfadiazine showed persistency to some AOPs. The AOPs yield different reactive radicals with predominantly hydroxyl radical (•OH)- and sulfate radical (SO4•−) which showed fast reactivity with pharmaceuticals. Different mechanistic approaches were systematically reviewed which verify the yield, reactivities, and degradation pathways of •OH and SO4•−. Different factors, such as pH, dose of peroxides and activators, level of pharmaceuticals contamination, and common inorganic anions were found to influence the effectiveness of AOPs. The effectiveness of the AOPs in term of cost and detoxification of target pharmaceuticals suggested to select preferably AOPs which are economical and form non-toxic and/or less toxic products. The different challenges, such as treatment of mixture of pharmaceuticals and treatment in real wastewater which can further increase potential of treatment are discussed.

  • Phosphanylphosphaalkenes as precursors for metallaphosphaalkene complexes
    • Aleksandra Ziółkowska
    • Tomasz Kruczyński
    • Gudat Dietrich
    • Łukasz Ponikiewski
    2024 DALTON TRANSACTIONS

    We synthesized phosphanylphosphaalkenes (biph)2C=P-P(tBu)2 (2), Ph2CvP-P(NEt2)2 (3), and (biph)2CvP-P(NEt2)2 (4). The diaminophosphanyl derivatives reversibly dimerize head-to-head and react with a ruthenium complex, leading to P–P bond activation and the formation of a bridging phospaalkene complex under mild conditions.

  • Phospholipid-functionalized gold electrode for cellular membrane interface studies - interactions between DMPC bilayer and human cystatin C
    • Paweł Niedziałkowski
    • Przemysław Jurczak
    • Marta Orlikowska
    • Anna Wcisło
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Tadeusz Ossowski
    • Paulina Czaplewska
    2024 Pełny tekst BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

    This work describes the electrochemical studies on the interactions between V57G mutant of human cystatin C (hCC V57G) and membrane bilayer immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode. The electrode was modified with 6-mercaptohexan-1-ol (MCH) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC). DMPC was used as a membrane mimetic for monitoring electrochemical changes resulting from the interactions between the functionalized electrode surface and human cystatin C. The interactions between the modified electrode and hCC V57G were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing Fe(CN)63−/4- as a redox probe. The electrochemical measurements confirm that fabricated electrode is sensitive to hCC V57G at the concentration of 1 × 10−14 M. The incubation studies carried out at higher concentrations resulted in insignificant changes observed in cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The calculated values of surface coverage θR confirm that the electrode is equally covered at higher concentrations of hCC V57G. Measurements of wettability and surface free energy made it possible to determine the influence of individual structural elements of the modified gold electrode on its properties, and thus allowed to understand the nature of the interactions. Contact angle values confirmed the results obtained during electrochemical measurements, indicating the sensitivity of the electrode towards hCC V57G at the concentration of 1 × 10−14 M. In addition, the XPS spectra confirmed the successful anchoring of hCC V57G to the DMPC-functionalized surface.

  • Physicochemical and Volatile Compounds Analysis of Fruit Wines Fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae: FTIR and Microscopy Study with Focus on Anti-Inflammatory Potential
    • Paweł Paśko
    • Agnieszka Galanty
    • Tomasz Dymerski
    • Mo Young Kim
    • Yong-Seo Park
    • Patricia Cabrales-Arellano
    • Victor Velazquez Martinez
    • Efren Delgado
    • Mikolaj Gralak
    • Joseph Deutsch
    • Dinorah Barasch
    • Alina Nemirovski
    • Shela Gorinstein
    2024 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

    The growing trend in fruit wine production reflects consumers’ interest in novel, diverse drinking experiences and the increasing demand for healthier beverage options. Fruit wines made from kiwi, pomegranates, and persimmons fermented using S. bayanus Lalvin strain EC1118 demonstrate the versatility of winemaking techniques. Kiwifruit, persimmon, and pomegranate wines were analyzed using HPLC and GC-TOFMS analyses to determine their concentrations of phenolic acids and volatile compounds. These results were supported by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize and compare chemical shifts in the polyphenol regions of these wines. The wines’ characterization included an anti-inflammatory assay based on NO, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 production in the RAW 264.7 macrophage model. FTIR spectroscopy predicted the antioxidant and phenolic contents in the wines. In terms of polyphenols, predominantly represented by chlorogenic, caffeic, and gallic acids, pomegranate and kiwifruit wines showed greater benefits. However, kiwifruit wines exhibited a highly diverse profile of volatile compounds. Further analysis is necessary, particularly regarding the use of other microorganisms in the fermentation process and non-Saccharomyces strains methods. These wines exhibit high biological antioxidant potential and health properties, providing valuable insights for future endeavors focused on designing healthy functional food products.

  • Physicochemical properties of La0.5Ba0.5Co1-xFexO3-δ (0≤x≤1) as positrode for proton ceramic electrochemical cells
    • Sebastian Wachowski
    • Iga Szpunar
    • Joanna Pośpiech
    • Daria Balcerzak
    • Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
    • María Balaguer
    • José M Serra
    • Einar Vøllestad
    • Maria Gazda
    • Ragnar Strandbakke
    • Truls Norby
    • Małgorzata Nadolska-Dawidowska
    2024 ACTA MATERIALIA

    We report on essential properties of materials in the series La0.5Ba0.5Co1-xFexO3-δ as positrodes for proton ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs). The unit cell and thermochemical expansion coefficient (TCEC) of these cubic perovskites decrease with iron content x, the TCEC of La0.5Ba0.5FeO3-δ going as low as 11·10-6 1/K. The materials behave as LaMO3 perovskites with small band gaps and Ba acting as acceptors compensated by electron holes and oxygen vacancies. The electrical properties are dominated by p-type conduction with high large polaron mobilities for the Co-rich compositions at low temperatures, shifting towards small polaron mobilities with increasing Fe content. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) shows that Co is in a high spin state and takes on the main part of the cation oxidation state changes, and that hole states are in orbitals overlapping with the O 2p states, confirming the large polaronic behaviour, while holes on Fe are more localised at the cation. Hydration is more pronounced in inert atmospheres, as hydration of oxygen vacancies is easier than hydrogenation and increases with Fe content, in line with the commonly accepted finding that delocalization of holes disfavours protonation. Fe-rich compositions benefit from lower TCEC and higher hydration and hence expected proton permeability, at the cost of lower electronic conductivity. The surfaces are hydrophobic irrespective of Fe content, suggesting weak chemisorption of the underlaying water layer, possibly giving relatively many available surface sites for oxygen adsorption, but limited surface proton conductance – both of importance to positrodes for operando PCECs.

  • Pinquark Warehouse Management System (WMS): Moving from process-based to activity-oriented management
    • Mateusz Kalinowski
    • Marek Hering
    • Adam Brejtfus
    • Tomasz Bernal
    • Agata Fenska-rompa
    • Paweł Weichbroth
    2024 Pełny tekst

    Since the release of the first warehouse management system (WMS), these systems have been systematically developed and improved to optimize warehouse operations, including inventory management, order fulfillment, receiving, picking, packing, and shipping. Among the many well-documented and well-known WMS systems, there are other systems with a similar level of maturity and comparable functionality, but not as popular, but still very appealing. Such a system is Pinquark, the flagship product of one of the leading Polish software vendors. In this sense, the aim of this article is to present its main features and discuss its further development. In particular, we introduce and outline the idea of reorienting warehouse management from a process-based to an activity-based approach. In this context, we discuss the preliminary results obtained through the study of contemporary literature, including methods addressing vehicle routing and product allocation problems.

  • Planetary roller extruders in the sustainable development of polymer blends and composites – Past, present and future
    • Krzysztof Formela
    • Barış Eyigöz
    2024 Express Polymer Letters

    Screw extruders as continuous flow reactors allow the synthesis of new polymers, preparation of polymer blends and composites, and modification or functionalization of commercially available polymers. Literature data shows that the twin screw extrusion is the most popular solution used for this purpose. In contrast, the number of scientific papers on alternative methods, such as multi-screw extruders, is somewhat limited. This paper is the first review of the application of planetary roller extruders in the compounding and reactive processing of polymer blends and composites. To fill current knowledge gaps, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of planetary roller extruders compared to other screw extruders. Moreover, we summarize recent advances in planetary roller extrusion in producing thermal sensitive and biodegradable polymeric materials, rubber compounds, materials for 3D printing, or plastics and rubber recycling. This work also proposes the possible scenarios for further sustainable development of polymer blends and composites using planetary roller extruders.

  • Plant-based meat substitute analysis using microextraction with deep eutectic solvent followed by LC-MS/MS to determine acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol
    • Dominika Osiecka
    • Christina Vakh
    • Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
    • Paweł Kubica
    2024 Pełny tekst ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

    For the analysis of plant-based meat substitutes and the determination of Maillard reaction products such as acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol, a novel and effective procedure based on hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the first time. The 49 compositions of the deep eutectic solvents were designed and screened to select the most suitable option. The terpenoids eugenol and thymol in a molar ratio of 2:1 were selected as precursors for solvent formation, allowing effective extraction of the target analytes. The developed procedure comprised two main steps: extraction — in which the analytes are isolated from the solid sample due to the salting-out effect and pre-concentrated in the deep eutectic solvent, and back-extraction — in which the analytes are re-extracted into the formic acid solution for subsequent mass spectrometric detection. As the density of the aqueous phases changed during the extraction and back-extraction steps, the phenomenon of inversion of the coalesced organic phase was observed, which simplified the withdrawing of the phases. The linear range was 1–50 ng/mL for acrylamide, 10–1000 ng/mL for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 200–1000 ng/mL for furaneol with coefficients of determination above 0.9952. The developed method was fully validated and found recoveries were in the range 83–120%, with CVs not exceeding 4.9%. The method was applied to real sample analysis of pea-based meat substitutes.

  • Plany miejscowe: rozwiązanie na dobrą przestrzeń czy kolejny problem?
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2024 Tygodnik Spraw Obywatelskich

    Słuszne narzekania dotyczące chaosu przestrzennego w Polsce słychać od bardzo dawna. Często jako przyczynę wskazuje się brak planu miejscowego na danym obszarze. Cóż, niekiedy jeszcze większym problemem jest to, że ten plan jest. Wszystko zależy od tego, jakie to miejsce i jaki to plan. Ważne jest, aby przestrzeń, w której żyjemy i działamy, była dobrze zaplanowana. Jednak często nie jest. Dlaczego? Większość przyczyn ma charakter systemowy. Wynikają z tego jak (źle) skonstruowane jest prawo w naszym kraju, jakie priorytety przyjmują rządzący na różnych szczeblach władzy, jak wyglądają zachęty do podejmowania lub niepodejmowania określonych działań, jak zorganizowany jest proces podejmowania decyzji. Wynikają oczywiście także z tego, co i jak jest w ustalone w planach miejscowych.

  • Plastic Debris in the Stomach of the Invasive Signal Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus from a Baltic Coastal River
    • A. Dobrzycka‐Krahel
    • Michał Skóra
    • Agnieszka Pladzyk
    2024 Pełny tekst Water

    Pollution by plastic debris, widely recognized as a growing global problem [1-3] is caused by the production of synthetic polymers. Over recent years, the production of plastics has increased, while in Europe, fossil-based plastics production has decreased, and recycled plastics production has increased [4]. There are different types of plastics. Some types of plastic ingredients, applied in a wide variety of cosmetics and personal care products (PCCP), occur as particulate microplastics < 5 mm [5]. Larger plastics, under environmental conditions, may fragment to microplastics [6]. Plastics are widely used by humans, and, as waste, they become a pollutant in the environment. Plastics may pose risks for aquatic ecosystems [7]. Plastics are water-insoluble, have low degradation rates [8], may be ingested by various organisms ranging from zooplankton to fish and mammals, and accumulate in the intestines through the aquatic food web [9]. Moreover, plastic can adsorb organic contaminants from the surrounding media, which can be transferred to organisms upon ingestion [10]. Most studies on plastic debris are limited to the marine environment [7,10,11]. However, rivers are significant sources of plastic pollution for coastal and offshore areas [12,13]. The bioaccumulation of plastics was previously confirmed in many aquatic species, e.g., Gammarus setosus [14], Carcinus maenas [15], Palaemonetes pugio [16], Amphibalanus amphitrite [17], and Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 [18]. However, to our knowledge, their presence in the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) has not been confirmed. The signal crayfish is one of the most widespread non-indigenous crayfish in Europe [19]. They are large, euryhaline, attractive for consumption and for this reason were introduced for aquaculture into many countries [20,21]. In the 1990s, this species was introduced into the Wieprza River drainage area [22,23]. Once they escaped into the wild, they became exploited by local inhabitants. The aim of this study was to determine the level of contamination by plastics in the invasive signal crayfish from the Baltic coastal tributary that is considered as a potential local food source. The specific objectives were: determination of plastic contamination in different river sections, assess microplastic amount and type, verification if there are any differences between sexes, sizes and condition of organisms resulting from distinct traits of individuals.

  • PLC-based Implementation of Stochastic Optimization Method in the Form of Evolutionary Strategies for PID, LQR, and MPC Control
    • Kajetan Zielonacki
    • Jarosław Tarnawski
    2024 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS

    Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are usually equipped with only basic direct control algorithms like proportional-integral-derivative (PID). Modules included in engineering software running on a personal computer (PC) are usually used to tune controllers. In this article, an alternative approach is considered, i.e. the development of a stochastic optimizer based on the (μ,λ) evolution strategy (ES) in a PLC. For this purpose, a pseudorandom number generator (pRNG) was implemented, which is not normally available in most PLCs. The properties of popular random number generation methods were analyzed in terms of distribution uniformity and possibility of implementation in a PLC. The Wichmann-Hill (WH) algorithm was chosen for implementation. The developed generator with a uniform distribution was the basis for the implementation of a generator with a normal distribution. Both generators are the engines of the stochastic optimization algorithm in the form of the (μ, λ) strategy. For verification purposes, a modular servomechanism laboratory set was used as a test object for PID and linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) control. Moreover, the possibility of using the developed optimizer was shown in an application of model predictive control (MPC). Comprehensive tests confirmed the correctness of the implementation and high functionality of the developed software. Calculation time issues are also investigated.

  • Po co komu plan ogólny? O dysfunkcjach planowania przestrzennego w Polsce
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2024 Tygodnik Spraw Obywatelskich

    W kilku tekstach chcę wyjaśnić, w jaki sposób obecny system planowania doprowadzi do jeszcze większego chaosu w zagospodarowaniu przestrzeni (bo chaos to już mamy od dość dawna), co przełoży się na pogorszenie jakości życia większości z nas, jak pozbawi przede wszystkim nas, tak zwanych zwykłych mieszkańców, i tak już niewielkiego wpływu na zawartość dokumentów planistycznych no i oczywiście jak będzie nas wszystkich drogo kosztować. Ale kto bogatemu zabroni. W kolejnych odcinkach mojej opowieści o systemie planowania w Polsce będę szukać odpowiedzi na pytanie, czym jest i po co nam plan ogólny, pokażę, jak następuje stopniowe wypychanie interesariuszy takich jak aktywiści czy mieszkańcy z procesu planowania (co pozbawia nas naszych demokratycznych praw) oraz przeanalizuję, czy plany miejscowe naprawdę zapewniają dobre zagospodarowanie przestrzeni. Postaram się także sformułować kilka rad dla tych, którzy chcieliby podjąć jakieś działania. Na koniec przedstawię, w jaki sposób system planowania, może nie być maszynką generowania wzrostu (czyli niszczenia systemów podtrzymujących życie na Ziemi), ale rzeczywiście przyczyniać się do polepszania dobrostanu mieszkańców miast i wsi, a także do dobrostanu systemów ekologicznych, które umożliwiają istnienie istot ludzkich.

  • Polarised light pollution on river water surfaces caused by artificial light at night from illuminated bridges and surroundings
    • Catherine Pérez Vega
    • Franz Hölker
    • Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
    • Andreas Jechow
    2024 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF LIMNOLOGY

    Light is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye, and such electromagnetic waves can be polarised (Foster et al., 2018) (Supplementary Material). Generally, humans are not able to perceive polarised light, apart from some very specific situations (Haidinger, 1844), while several animals are able to perceive it (Foster et al., 2018). Polarisation can occur when unpolarised light is reflected or transmitted at surfaces that have a specific polarisation direction or by scattering within a medium (the atmosphere or water) (Fig. S2) (Foster et al., 2018). Water surfaces in nature are a typical example where light is re- flected so that the resulting reflected light is (at least partly) lin- early polarised. As other surfaces might not reflect the light of a specific polarisation like water, the polarisation information can be understood as encoded optical information about the sur- Polarised light pollution on river water surfaces caused by artificial light at night from illuminated bridges and surroundings

  • Politechnika Gdańska z prywatną siecią 5G i zespołem specjalizowanych laboratoriów badawczych
    • Józef Woźniak
    • Krzysztof Gierłowski
    • Michał Hoeft
    • Wojciech Gumiński
    • Krzysztof Nowicki
    • Jacek Rak
    • Jarosław Sadowski
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    • Sławomir Gajewski
    2024 Pełny tekst Pismo PG

    W artykule przedstawiono pierwszą część opisu laboratorium (a właściwie zespołu laboratoriów) sieci 5G, otwartego w ostatnim okresie na Wydziale ETI Politechniki Gdańskiej. W części tej zawarto wybrane cechy technologii 5G, a także podstawowe założenia i możliwości oferowane przez nowoutworzone laboratorium. Laboratorium jest efektem kilkuletnich prac związanych z realizacją projektu PL-5G: „Krajowe laboratorium sieci i usług 5G wraz z otoczeniem”. Intensywne prace projektowe oraz wdrożeniowe realizowane były przez konsorcjum 6. jednostek naukowo-badawczych, w skład którego wchodziły, poza Politechniką Gdańską, Politechnika Warszawska (lider projektu), Akademia Górnicza-Hutnicza w Krakowie, Politechnika Wrocławska, Instytut Łączności – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy oraz Instytut Chemii Bioorganicznej PAN – Poznańskie Centrum Superkomputerowo-Sieciowe (PCSS). Na początku 2020 roku projekt PL-5G został oficjalnie wpisany na tzw. Polską Mapę Infrastruktury Badawczej. Unikatowość naszego przedsięwzięcia, bez wątpienia nawet w skali światowej, związana jest zarówno ze stworzeniem sieci międzyregionalnej na rzadko spotykaną skalę (sieć łączy główne ośrodki akademickie w Polsce), jak też ogromną różnorodnością specjalizowanych instalacji lokalnych, z wręcz tysiącami urządzeń do badań nad sieciami i usługami związanymi zarówno z technologią 5G, jak i kolejną generacją 6G. Połączenie wspomnianych ośrodków superszybką siecią operacyjną, ze światłowodami, udostępnianymi przez PCSS i sieć akademicką PIONIER oraz wspieraną przez Centra Danych w każdej lokalizacji zapewni bez mała pełny dostęp do praktycznie wszystkich zasobów, także tych lokalnych, u poszczególnych konsorcjantów. Dodajmy też, że w naszej, gdańskiej lokalizacji.. Po stronie Politechniki Gdańskiej w realizację projektu zaangażowane były zespoły z dwóch katedr Wydziału ETI PG – Katedry Teleinformatyki oraz Katedry Systemów i Sieci Radiokomunikacyjnych. Dokładniejszy opis wyposażenia oraz oferty badawczej laboratorium zostanie zaprezentowany w części drugiej artykułu.

  • Politechnika Gdańska z prywatną siecią 5G i zespołem specjalizowanych laboratoriów badawczych Część II: Opis wyposażenia laboratoriów, oferowanych usług oraz zasad ich udostępniania
    • Józef Woźniak
    • Krzysztof Gierłowski
    • Michał Hoeft
    • Wojciech Gumiński
    • Krzysztof Nowicki
    • Jacek Rak
    • Piotr Sadowski
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    • Sławomir Gajewski
    2024 Pełny tekst Pismo PG

    Ogólne założenia projektu PL-5G: „Krajowe laboratorium sieci i usług 5G wraz z otoczeniem”, złożony proces uzyskania jego finansowania, jak również wybrane cechy funkcjonalne sieci piątej generacji (5G) zostały zaprezentowane w „Piśmie PG” nr 3/2024. W II części artykułu przedstawiono infrastrukturę badawczą zaprojektowaną i zrealizowaną przez zespół wykonawców z WETI PG, a także wybrane usługi i możliwości oferowane przez poszczególne laboratoria.

  • Polskie górnictwo i hutnictwo miedzi w sztuce medalierskiej
    • Dariusz Świsulski
    2024 Pełny tekst Hutnik - Wiadomości Hutnicze

    Polska jest jednym z największych producentów miedzi na świecie. W artykule przypomniano historię górnictwa miedzi od najdawniejszych lat przez odkrycie złóż miedzi przez Jana Wyżykowskiego do czasów współczesnych. Obecnie górnictwem i hutnictwem miedzi zajmuje się wiele przedsiębiorstw w ramach KGHM Polska Miedź. Ich opis zilustrowano zdjęciami: medali, plakiet i statuetek, które znajdują się w zbiorach autora.